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able 6.

Engineered specifications for positive- and negative pressure rooms*

Engineering Positive pressure areas Negative pressure areas


characteristics (e.g., protective environments [PE]) (e.g., airborne infection isolation [AII])

Pressure > +2.5 Pa§ (0.01″ water gauge) > −2.5 Pa (0.01″ water gauge)
differentials

Air changes per >12 ≥12 (for renovation or new construction)


hour (ACH)

Filtration efficiency Supply: 99.97% @ 0.3 μm DOP (dioctylphthalate particles Supply: 90% (dust spot test) Return: 99.97
of 0.3 μm diameter) (dioctylphthalate particles of 0.3 μm diame
Return: none required (If the patient requires both PE and HEPA filtration of exhaust air from AII room
AII, return air should be HEPA-filtered or otherwise required, providing that the exhaust is prop
exhausted to the outside) prevent re-entry into the building.

Room airflow Out to the adjacent area In to the room


direction

Clean-to-dirty Away from the patient (high-risk patient, Towards the patient (airborne disease pati
airflow in room immunosuppressed patient)

Ideal pressure > + 8 Pa > −2.5 Pa


differential

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