ETM 421*001 – Design of Experiments

Homework 3
Total Points: 5
Spring 2019

1. (5 points) A rental car company wants to investigate whether the type of car
rented affects the length of the rental period. An experiment is run for one week
at a particular location, and 10 rental contracts are selected at random for each car
type. The results are shown in the following table.

Type of Car Observations

Sub-compact 4 6 4 8 7 6 4 3 2 7
Compact 2 4 5 8 6 7 4 3 2 8
Midsize 5 2 4 6 8 2 3 5 3 8
Full Size 4 6 8 6 11 4 5 8 3 8

Is there evidence to support a claim that the type of car rented affects the length of
the rental contract? Use α=0.05. Solve this problem using Minitab.

Solution

Using =0.05, is there evidence to support the claim that the car type does have an
affect on the length of the rental contract?

The results of the ANOVA test performed in Minitab were:

Source DF SS MS F P
Labels 3 16.68 5.56 1.11 0.358
Error 36 180.30 5.01
Total 39 196.98

S = 2.238 R-Sq = 8.47% R-Sq(adj) = 0.84%

Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on

Pooled StDev
Level N Mean StDev --+---------+---------+---------+-------
Compact 10 4.900 2.283 (----------*-----------)
Full Size 10 6.300 2.452 (-----------*-----------)
Midsize 10 4.600 2.221 (-----------*-----------)
Sub-Compact 10 5.100 1.969 (-----------*-----------)
--+---------+---------+---------+-------
2.4 3.6 4.8 6.0

Pooled StDev = 2.238

 p-value approach:
From MINITAB output, the p-value is 0.358
These results show that the p-value is greater than =0.05 and therefore there is not
enough evidence to say that the means are not equal. In other words, there is not
enough evidence to state that the type of car effects the rental contract.
Moreover all the confidence intervals contain zero hence there are insignificant
difference between the pairs of treatment means.

Note: It is noted that since from ANOVA table it is observed that p-

value=0.358>0.05, hence there is insignificant difference between the pairs of
treatment means. Therefore it is not required to perform post hoc test. Post hoc test is
making hence we ANOVA test reject the null hypothesis i.e. treatment means are all
equal.

2. (5 points) A computer ANOVA output is shown below. Fill in the blanks. You
may give bounds on the P-value.

One-way ANOVA
Source DF SS MS F P
Factor 3 36.15 ? ? ?
Error ? ? ?
Total 19 196.04

Solution
Error DF = Total DF - Factor DF = 19 -3 = 16

Error SS = Total SS - Factor SS = 196.04 - 36.15 = 159.89

Factor MS = Factor SS/Factor df = 36.15/3 = 12.05

Error MS = Error SS/Error df = 159.89/16 = 9.993125

F = Factor MS / Error MS = 1.205829

Then, the p value may be found by using Excel: fdist(1.205829, 3, 16) = 0.3395

One-way ANOVA
Source DF SS MS F P
Factor 3 36.15 12.05 1.20 0.3395
Error 16 159.89 9.99
Total 19 196.04