Analisis Riwayat Waktu Dan Respons Spekt

Earthquake Engineering
S o a l 1 : Pe m b u a t a n Re s p o n s S p e k t r u m
Buatlah suatu aplikasi dari prosedur pembuatan respons spektrum
dari strong motion record (rekaman getaran kuat) gempa-gempa
yang tersebut dibawah ini:
 Gempa El-Centro 18 Mei 1940
 Gempa Loma Prieta 18 Oktober 1989
 Gempa Northridge 18 Januari 1994
 Gempa K o c a e l i ( Tu r k i ) 1 7 A g u s t u s 1 9 9 9
 Gempa Ta i w a n 2 1 S e p t e m b e r 1 9 9 9
Civil Structure Engineering Postgraduate Prog. Hasanuddin Univ. 1 Static and Dynamic Earthquake Analysis. © Yoppy Soleman, 2005
Solusi :
Pro s e d u r Pe m b u a t a n S p e k t r u m Re s p o n s
Akan diberikan garis besar prosedur pembuatan spektrum respons dari suatu
rekaman getaran tanah (ground motion record) time history percepatan.
 Langkah 1:
Menentukan model struktur SDOF
Sistem Massa
W = mg (t)
p(t)
Sistem Kekakuan
k c k
Sistem Redaman
Fixed dt
Support
(a) Sistem Massa-Rangka/Portal (b) Sistem Massa-Rangka/Portal
(kondisi initial) (kondisi terde-
formasi akibat gaya luar
Gambar 1. Model Sistem SDOF
 Langkah 2:
Menyediakan data rekaman percepatan getaran tanah (ground motion record)
Gambar 2. Time history percepatan suatu gempa bumi
 Langkah 3:
Menentukan hubungan kekakuan-deformasi dan hubungan gaya redaman-
kecepatan
Gambar 3. Hubungan gaya redaman-kecepatan dan kekakuan-deformasi. Terdapat dua

pilihan dalam hubungan tersebut yaitu: linear (elastik) dan non-linear.
 Langkah 4:
Merumuskan persamaan gerakan sistem SDOF (osilator) dengan perioda getar
fundamental Tn dan rasio redaman  yang tertentu,sbb:
c k
y (t )  y (t )  y (t )  a (t )
m m
y (t )  2  n y (t )   n2 y (t )   a (t )
dimana:
2 c k
n  ;  2  n ;   n2
Tn m m
 Langkah 5:
Solusi persamaan diferensial gerak untuk mendapatkan nilai simpangan y(t)
pada perioda getar Tn dan rasio redaman  yang tertentu dengan pilihan
metoda-metoda integrasi numerik, sbb:
1. Metoda-metoda integrasi numerik,
 Metoda kecepatan konstan
 Metoda percepatan linear
 Metoda central difference
 Metoda -Newmark
- Formulasi linear elastik
- Formulasi linear incremental (in-elastik)
 Metoda Wilson-
2. Integrasi Duhamel
1
 a(t ) e
t
y (t )  sin  d (t   ) d
d
 Langkah 6:
Plot kurva displasemen-waktu atau buat kurva spektrum perpindahan. Tentukan
nilai maksimum absolut perpindahan untuk perioda fundamental dan rasio
redaman tertentu.
SD (, Tn) = maks | y(t) |
 Langkah 7:
Hitung percepatan spektra berdasar simpangan maksimum absolut SD yang
diperoleh, menggunakan rumus:
2
 2 
SA (, Tn) =  SD = 
2
n  SD
 Tn 
Plot spektra akselerasi yang diperoleh untuk peroda getar Tn

dan rasio redaman  yang tertentu.
 Langkah 8:
Karena spektra akselerasi yang diplot pada langkah 7 hanya merupakan suatu
spektrum percepatan tunggal (yaitu untuk perioda getar Tn tertentu dan rasio
redaman x), maka spektra akselerasi untuk perioda fundamental struktur lainnya
harus dikerjakan mulai Langkah 3. Jadi prosedur pembuatan respons spektrum
percepatan ini harus diulangi sebanyak n perioda getar (sejumlah yang
diperlukan) pada suatu rasio redaman  yang sama.
Pro g r a m A p l i ka s i S p e k t r u m Re s p o n s
 NUVIB Version 1.01 (Northwestern University
Vibration Analysis Program
 SeismoSignal Version 3.1.0
1. Gempa Elcentro 1940, komponen NS

Rekaman Getaran Tanah Gempa Elcentro
PGA = 0.3194 g (g = 9.81 m/s^2)
V MAKS = 49.354 m/s
ZONA = Intermediate A/V Records, 0.8g < A/V < 1.2g (m/s)
PERIODE GETARAN KUAT = 11 Detik (Program Seismosignal)
LOKASI ACCELEROMETER = Imperial Valley, California
LOKASI EPISENTRAL = El Centro
JARAK EPISENTRAL = 8.0 km
JENIS BATUAN/TANAH = ROCK/STIFF SOIL
INTENSITAS = 6.6 RICHTER
MMI =X
Tabel 1. Strong Motion Record Gempa Elcentro 1940, komponen NS

0.00000 .01080 .04200 .00100 .09700 .01590 6.68600 .04570 6.71400 .03850 6.72800 .00090
.16100 -.00010 .22100 .01890 .26300 .00010 6.76900 -.02880 6.76910 .00160 6.81100 .01130
.29100 .00590 .33200 -.00120 .37400 .02000 6.85200 .00220 6.90800 .00920 6.99100 -.09960
.42900 -.02370 .47100 .00760 .58100 .04250 7.07400 .03600 7.12100 .00780 7.14300 -.02770
.62300 .00940 .66500 .01380 .72000 -.00880 7.14900 .00260 7.17100 .02720 7.22600 .05760
.72010 -.02560 .78900 -.03870 .78910 -.05680 7.29500 -.04920 7.37000 .02970 7.40600 .01090
.87200 -.02320 .87210 -.03430 .94100 -.04020 7.42500 .01860 7.46100 -.02530 7.52500 -.03470
.94110 -.06030 .99700 -.07890 1.06600 -.06660 7.57200 .00360 7.60000 -.06280 7.64100 -.02800
1.06610 -.03810 1.09400 -.04290 1.16800 .08970 7.66900 -.01960 7.69100 .00680 7.75200 -.00540
1.31500 -.16960 1.38400 -.08280 1.41200 -.08280 7.79400 -.06030 7.83500 -.03570 7.87700 -.07160
1.44000 -.09450 1.48100 -.08850 1.50900 -.10800 7.96000 -.01400 7.98700 -.00560 8.00100 .02220
1.53700 -.12800 1.62800 .11440 1.70300 .23550 8.07000 .04680 8.12600 .02600 8.12610 -.03350
1.80000 .14280 1.85500 .17770 1.92400 -.26100 8.19500 -.01280 8.22300 .06610 8.27800 .03050
2.00700 -.31940 2.21500 .29520 2.27000 .26340 8.33400 .02460 8.40300 .03470 8.45800 -.03690
2.32000 -.29840 2.39500 .00540 2.45000 .28650 8.53300 -.03440 8.59600 -.01040 8.63800 -.02600
2.51900 -.04690 2.57500 .15160 2.65200 .20770 8.73500 .15340 8.81800 -.00280 8.86000 .02330
2.70800 .10870 2.76900 -.03250 2.89300 .10330 8.88200 -.02610 8.91500 -.00220 8.95600 -.18490
2.97600 -.08030 3.06800 .05200 3.12900 -.15470 9.05300 .12600 9.09500 .03200 9.12300 .09550
3.21200 .00650 3.25300 -.20600 3.38600 .19270 9.15000 .12460 9.25300 -.03280 9.28900 -.04510
3.41900 -.09370 3.53000 .17080 3.59900 -.03590 9.42700 .13010 9.44100 -.16570 9.51000 .04190
3.66800 .03650 3.73800 -.07360 3.83500 .03110 9.63500 -.09360 9.70400 .08160 9.81500 -.08810
3.90400 -.18330 4.01400 .02270 4.05600 -.04350 9.89800 .00640 9.93900 -.00060 9.99500 .05860
4.10600 .02160 4.22200 -.19720 4.31400 -.17620 10.02200 -.07130 10.05000 -.04480 10.05010 -.02210
4.41600 .14600 4.47100 -.00470 4.61800 .25720 10.10500 .00930 10.10510 .00240 10.18800 .05100
4.66500 -.20450 4.75600 .06080 4.83100 -.27330 10.27200 -.12430 10.38200 .05870 10.42400 .01330
4.97000 .17790 5.03900 .03010 5.10800 .21830 10.45200 .03860 10.46500 .11640 10.50700 -.03740
5.19900 .02670 5.23300 .12520 5.30200 .12900 10.53400 -.05720 10.64500 .03080 10.70100 .02230
5.33000 .10890 5.34300 -.02390 5.45400 .17230 10.71400 .05150 10.77000 .09030 10.83900 -.01940
5.51000 -.10210 5.60600 .01410 5.69000 -.19490 10.92200 .04710 10.92210 -.06770 10.96400 -.07940
5.77300 -.02420 5.80000 -.00500 5.80900 -.02750 10.99100 -.01200 11.07400 .06080 11.08800 -.02690
5.86900 -.05730 5.88300 -.03270 5.92500 .02160 11.11600 -.04160 11.20700 .02930 11.20710 .05520
5.98000 .01080 6.01300 .02350 6.08500 -.06650 11.22700 .07560 11.26800 .04310 11.32400 .02080
6.13200 .00140 6.17400 .04930 6.18800 .01490 11.43400 .11800 11.57300 -.09990 11.65600 -.12470
6.18810 -.02000 6.22900 -.03810 6.27900 .02070 11.72500 -.20940 11.72510 -.14180 11.78000 -.11630
6.32600 -.00580 6.36800 -.06030 6.38200 -.01620 11.80800 0.00000 11.87700 .07620 11.91900 .05700
6.40900 .02000 6.45900 -.01760 6.47800 -.00330 11.98800 .13540 12.04300 .06730 12.11300 .08650
6.52000 .00430 6.53400 -.00400 6.56200 -.00990
6.57500 -.00170 6.60300 -.01700 6.64500 .03730
Gambar 3. Plot Time History Percepatan Gempa El-Centro 1940
Gambar 4. Plot nilai-nilai puncak spektrum respons percepatan El-Centro 1940

untuk perioda fundamental struktur Tn = 0 - 4 detik, dan redaman 5%.
2. Gempa Loma Prieta 18 Oktober 1989

Rekaman Getaran Tanah Gempa Loma Prieta
PGA = 0.2498 g (g = 9.81 m/s^2)
V MAKS = 43.296 m/s
PERIODE GETARAN KUAT = 20.53 Detik
LOKASI ACCELEROMETER = Emeryville, California
JARAK EPISENTRAL = 80 km
LOKASI EPISENTRAL = San Andreas Fault (Santa Cruz Mountain)
MAGNITUDE = 7.1 Ms
Tabel 2. Strong Motion Record Gempa Loma Prieta 1989 (t diambil selama 12.72 detik)
0 0 0.61 0.0027 1.23 -0.0014 1.85 0.0022 2.47 -0.0587
0.01 -0.0035 0.62 0.0016 1.24 -0.0044 1.86 0.0107 2.48 -0.0588
0.02 -0.0088 0.63 0.0008 1.25 -0.0049 1.87 0.016 2.49 -0.0564
0.03 -0.0121 0.64 0.0008 1.26 -0.0031 1.88 0.0145 2.5 -0.0498
0.04 -0.0103 0.65 0.0016 1.27 -0.0001 1.89 0.0076 2.51 -0.0392
0.05 -0.0064 0.66 0.0026 1.28 0.0019 1.9 0.0004 2.52 -0.0273
0.06 -0.0047 0.67 0.0038 1.29 0.0014 1.91 -0.0021 2.53 -0.0175
0.07 -0.0059 0.68 0.0046 1.3 -0.0009 1.92 0.0008 2.54 -0.0106
0.08 -0.0075 0.69 0.0036 1.31 -0.0023 1.93 0.006 2.55 -0.0057
0.09 -0.009 0.7 0.0006 1.32 -0.0007 1.94 0.0084 2.56 -0.0015
0.1 -0.0103 0.71 -0.002 1.33 0.0041 1.95 0.0047 2.57 0.0023
0.11 -0.0094 0.72 -0.0016 1.34 0.0099 1.96 -0.0044 2.58 0.0061
0.12 -0.0047 0.73 0.0006 1.35 0.0131 1.97 -0.014 2.59 0.0111
0.13 0.0014 0.74 0.0015 1.36 0.0115 1.98 -0.0196 2.6 0.017
0.14 0.0051 0.75 0.0007 1.37 0.0074 1.99 -0.0205 2.61 0.0211
0.15 0.0058 0.76 0.0002 1.38 0.0049 2 -0.0199 2.62 0.0213
0.16 0.005 0.77 0.0005 1.39 0.0052 2.01 -0.0213 2.63 0.0179
0.17 0.0043 0.78 -0.0001 1.4 0.0063 2.02 -0.0253 2.64 0.0124
0.18 0.0049 0.79 -0.0023 1.41 0.0066 2.03 -0.0305 2.65 0.006
0.19 0.0078 0.8 -0.0057 1.42 0.0063 2.04 -0.0344 2.66 -0.0004
0.2 0.0111 0.81 -0.0097 1.43 0.0056 2.05 -0.0352 2.67 -0.005
0.21 0.0107 0.82 -0.0132 1.44 0.0044 2.06 -0.0325 2.68 -0.0063
0.22 0.0052 0.83 -0.0148 1.45 0.0026 2.07 -0.0278 2.69 -0.0046
0.23 -0.0017 0.84 -0.0136 1.46 0.0007 2.08 -0.024 2.7 -0.0018
0.24 -0.0048 0.85 -0.0112 1.47 -0.0009 2.09 -0.0234
2.71 0.0007
0.25 -0.0029 0.86 -0.0091 1.48 -0.0013 2.1 -0.0254
2.72 0.0029
0.26 0.002 0.87 -0.0072 1.49 -0.0002 2.11 -0.0266
2.73 0.0048
0.27 0.0076 0.88 -0.0057 1.5 0.0018 2.12 -0.0237
2.74 0.0064
0.28 0.0114 0.89 -0.0062 1.51 0.0032 2.13 -0.0165
2.75 0.0088
0.29 0.011 0.9 -0.0085 1.52 0.0037 2.14 -0.0085
2.76 0.0136
0.3 0.0059 0.91 -0.0089 1.53 0.0034 2.15 -0.0035
2.77 0.0197
0.31 -0.0007 0.92 -0.0057 1.54 0.003 2.16 -0.0028
2.78 0.0242
0.32 -0.0045 0.93 -0.0016 1.55 0.004 2.17 -0.0048
0.33 -0.0033 1.56 0.0065 2.18 -0.0071 2.79 0.0262
0.94 0
0.34 0.0012 1.57 0.0083 2.19 -0.0073 2.8 0.0275
0.95 -0.0008
0.35 0.0047 1.58 0.007 2.2 -0.003 2.81 0.0293
0.96 -0.0022
0.36 0.0043 1.59 0.0034 2.21 0.0067 2.82 0.0305
0.97 -0.0039
0.37 0.0006 1.6 0.0006 2.22 0.0193 2.83 0.0313
0.98 -0.0059
0.38 -0.003 1.61 0.0002 2.23 0.0299 2.84 0.0339
0.99 -0.006
0.39 -0.0044 1.62 0.0012 2.24 0.0353 2.85 0.0394
1 -0.003
0.4 -0.004 1.63 0.0025 2.25 0.0367 2.86 0.0454
1.01 0.0007
0.41 -0.0028 1.02 0.0019 1.64 0.0037 2.26 0.0383 2.87 0.0493
0.42 -0.0017 1.03 0.0005 1.65 0.0038 2.27 0.0428 2.88 0.0518
0.43 -0.0019 1.04 -0.0005 1.66 0.0019 2.28 0.0484 2.89 0.0543
0.44 -0.0046 1.05 0 1.67 -0.0008 2.29 0.0516 2.9 0.0566
0.45 -0.0078 1.06 0.0009 1.68 -0.0024 2.3 0.0511 2.91 0.0574
0.46 -0.0074 1.07 0.001 1.69 -0.0021 2.31 0.0484 2.92 0.0578
0.47 -0.0025 1.08 0.0006 1.7 -0.001 2.32 0.0455 2.93 0.0596
0.48 0.0037 1.09 0.0001 1.71 -0.0009 2.33 0.0422 2.94 0.0622
0.49 0.0074 1.1 0.0002 1.72 -0.0025 2.34 0.0373 2.95 0.0622
0.5 0.0083 1.11 0.0014 1.73 -0.0062 2.35 0.0313 2.96 0.0581
0.51 0.0085 1.12 0.0039 1.74 -0.0115 2.36 0.026 2.97 0.0523
0.52 0.0085 1.13 0.0064 1.75 -0.0174 2.37 0.0213 2.98 0.0477
1.14 0.007 1.76 -0.0213 2.38 0.0141 2.99 0.0438
0.53 0.0076
1.15 0.0057 1.77 -0.0201 2.39 0.002 3 0.0383
0.54 0.0059 3.01 0.0301
1.16 0.0042 1.78 -0.0136 2.4 -0.0132
0.55 0.0052 1.79 -0.0061 2.41 -0.027 3.02 0.0203
1.17 0.004
0.56 0.0064 1.18 0.005 1.8 -0.0029 2.42 -0.0374 3.03 0.0105
0.57 0.008 1.19 0.0066 1.81 -0.0047 2.43 -0.0451 3.04 0.0011
0.58 0.0078 1.2 0.0077 1.82 -0.0079 2.44 -0.0511 3.05 -0.0079
0.59 0.0061 1.21 0.0066 1.83 -0.0085 2.45 -0.0552 3.06 -0.0168
0.6 0.0042 1.22 0.003 1.84 -0.005 2.46 -0.0575 3.07 -0.0251
3.08 -0.0317 5.01 -0.0914 6.94 0.2148 8.87 0.0765 10.8 -0.0166
3.09 -0.036 5.02 -0.1003 6.95 0.2185 8.88 0.0728 10.81 -0.0137
3.1 -0.0393 5.03 -0.1082 6.96 0.2251 8.89 0.067 10.82 -0.0104
3.11 -0.0429 5.04 -0.115 6.97 0.2322 8.9 0.0593 10.83 -0.008
3.12 -0.0472 5.05 -0.1212 6.98 0.235 8.91 0.0532 10.84 -0.007
3.13 -0.0509 5.06 -0.1262 6.99 0.2307 8.92 0.0511 10.85 -0.0059
3.14 -0.0532 5.07 -0.129 7 0.2201 8.93 0.0503 10.86 -0.0029
3.15 -0.0538 5.08 -0.13 7.01 0.2071 8.94 0.0467 10.87 0.0023
3.16 -0.0525 5.09 -0.1314 7.02 0.1948 8.95 0.0404 10.88 0.0076
3.17 -0.0495 5.1 -0.1348 7.03 0.1845 8.96 0.0341 10.89 0.011
3.18 -0.0454 5.11 -0.1404 7.04 0.1757 8.97 0.0292 10.9 0.0116
3.19 -0.0413 5.12 -0.1476 7.05 0.1687 8.98 0.0255 10.91 0.0105
3.2 -0.0381 5.13 -0.1554 7.06 0.165 8.99 0.0221 10.92 0.0089
3.21 -0.0363 5.14 -0.1624 7.07 0.1654 9 0.0183 10.93 0.0077
3.22 -0.0352 5.15 -0.1673 7.08 0.1681 9.01 0.0137 10.94 0.0076
3.23 -0.0329 5.16 -0.1708 7.09 0.1705 9.02 0.0085 10.95 0.0093
3.24 -0.0282 5.17 -0.1744 7.1 0.1701 9.03 0.0042 10.96 0.0116
3.25 -0.0222 5.18 -0.1771 7.11 0.1639 9.04 0.0014 10.97 0.0125
3.26 -0.0167 5.19 -0.1784 7.12 0.1487 9.05 -0.0011 10.98 0.0113
3.27 -0.0121 5.2 -0.1809 7.13 0.1233 9.06 -0.004 10.99 0.0093
3.28 -0.0064 5.21 -0.1861 7.14 0.092 9.07 -0.0075 11 0.0074
3.29 0.0013 5.22 -0.1906 7.15 0.0634 9.08 -0.0116 11.01 0.0048
3.3 0.0092 5.23 -0.192 7.16 0.0442 9.09 -0.017 11.02 0.0009
3.31 0.0152 5.24 -0.193 7.17 0.0342 9.1 -0.024 11.03 -0.0032
3.32 0.0191 5.25 -0.195 7.18 0.0278 9.11 -0.0312 11.04 -0.0062
3.33 0.0222 5.26 -0.1957 7.19 0.0208 9.12 -0.0372 11.05 -0.0085
3.34 0.0256 5.27 -0.1968 7.2 0.0132 9.13 -0.0418 11.06 -0.0112
3.35 0.0285 5.28 -0.2032 7.21 0.0066 9.14 -0.0463 11.07 -0.0146
3.36 0.0307 5.29 -0.2058 7.22 0.0014 9.15 -0.0516 11.08 -0.0183
3.37 0.033 5.3 -0.1829 7.23 -0.0038 9.16 -0.0569 11.09 -0.0219
3.38 0.0362 5.31 -0.1301 7.24 -0.0106 9.17 -0.061 11.1 -0.0253
3.39 0.0395 5.32 -0.0733 7.25 -0.0194 9.18 -0.0629 11.11 -0.0289
3.4 0.0423 5.33 -0.0377 7.26 -0.0284 9.19 -0.0634 11.12 -0.0331
3.41 0.0454 5.34 -0.02 7.27 -0.0353 9.2 -0.0641 11.13 -0.0381
3.42 0.0499 5.35 -0.0031 7.28 -0.0392 9.21 -0.0664 11.14 -0.0429
3.43 0.0548 5.36 0.0182 7.29 -0.0404 9.22 -0.0702 11.15 -0.0462
3.44 0.0565 5.37 0.0391 7.3 -0.0398 9.23 -0.0744 11.16 -0.0478
3.45 0.0528 5.38 0.0595 7.31 -0.037 9.24 -0.0773 11.17 -0.0488
3.46 0.0452 5.39 0.082 7.32 -0.0309 9.25 -0.0778 11.18 -0.0496
3.47 0.0372 5.4 0.1036 7.33 -0.0191 9.26 -0.0766 11.19 -0.0493
3.48 0.0307 5.41 0.12 7.34 -0.0006 9.27 -0.0756 11.2 -0.0473
3.49 0.0253 5.42 0.1326 7.35 0.0221 9.28 -0.0757 11.21 -0.0444
3.5 0.0205 5.43 0.1438 7.36 0.0432 9.29 -0.0753 11.22 -0.0414
3.51 0.0165 5.44 0.1531 7.37 0.0576 9.3 -0.0722 11.23 -0.0382
3.52 0.0125 5.45 0.1598 7.38 0.0642 9.31 -0.0671 11.24 -0.0346
3.53 0.0063 5.46 0.1658 7.39 0.065 9.32 -0.0628 11.25 -0.0313
3.54 -0.0031 5.47 0.1724 7.4 0.0629 9.33 -0.0609 11.26 -0.0292
3.55 -0.0128 5.48 0.178 7.41 0.0605 9.34 -0.0602 11.27 -0.0281
3.56 -0.0188 5.49 0.1798 7.42 0.0584 9.35 -0.0589 11.28 -0.027
3.57 -0.0203 5.5 0.1798 7.43 0.0548 9.36 -0.0561 11.29 -0.0262
3.58 -0.0191 5.51 0.1843 7.44 0.0479 9.37 -0.0524 11.3 -0.0264
3.59 -0.0156 5.52 0.1962 7.45 0.039 9.38 -0.0493 11.31 -0.0278
3.6 -0.0099 5.53 0.2108 7.46 0.0313 9.39 -0.0489 11.32 -0.0297
3.61 -0.0048 5.54 0.2234 7.47 0.0263 9.4 -0.0513 11.33 -0.0312
3.62 -0.004 5.55 0.2368 7.48 0.0224 9.41 -0.0547 11.34 -0.0323
3.63 -0.007 5.56 0.2498 7.49 0.0182 9.42 -0.0565 11.35 -0.0331
3.64 -0.0087 5.57 0.2479 7.5 0.0137 9.43 -0.0565 11.36 -0.0333
3.65 -0.0065 5.58 0.2186 7.51 0.0091 9.44 -0.0556 11.37 -0.0322
3.66 -0.0035 5.59 0.1728 7.52 0.0047 9.45 -0.055 11.38 -0.0294
3.67 -0.0032 5.6 0.1347 7.53 0.0006 9.46 -0.0554 11.39 -0.0253
3.68 -0.0046 5.61 0.1136 7.54 -0.0039 9.47 -0.0567 11.4 -0.0212
3.69 -0.0052 5.62 0.1002 7.55 -0.009 9.48 -0.0579 11.41 -0.0178
3.7 -0.0042 5.63 0.0883 7.56 -0.0136 9.49 -0.058 11.42 -0.0147
3.71 -0.0019 5.64 0.0819 7.57 -0.016 9.5 -0.0567 11.43 -0.0109
3.72 0.0015 5.65 0.0835 7.58 -0.0163 9.51 -0.0541 11.44 -0.0064
3.73 0.0036 5.66 0.0894 7.59 -0.0162 9.52 -0.0509 11.45 -0.0024
3.74 0.0007 5.67 0.0972 7.6 -0.0161 9.53 -0.0477 11.46 0.0002
3.75 -0.0077 5.68 0.108 7.61 -0.0152 9.54 -0.0446 11.47 0.0014
3.76 -0.0173 5.69 0.1202 7.62 -0.014 9.55 -0.0417 11.48 0.002
3.77 -0.0238 5.7 0.1296 7.63 -0.014 9.56 -0.0393 11.49 0.0026
3.78 -0.0266 5.71 0.1362 7.64 -0.016 9.57 -0.0373 11.5 0.0043
3.79 -0.0275 5.72 0.1434 7.65 -0.0192 9.58 -0.0344 11.51 0.0073
3.8 -0.0277 5.73 0.152 7.66 -0.0228 9.59 -0.0295 11.52 0.0108
3.81 -0.0288 5.74 0.1593 7.67 -0.0271 9.6 -0.0255 11.53 0.0136
3.82 -0.0333 5.75 0.1639 7.68 -0.0321 9.61 -0.0255 11.54 0.0146
3.83 -0.0416 5.76 0.1666 7.69 -0.037 9.62 -0.0265 11.55 0.0143
3.84 -0.0512 5.77 0.1678 7.7 -0.0416 9.63 -0.0227 11.56 0.014
3.85 -0.0588 5.78 0.1656 7.71 -0.0451 9.64 -0.0144 11.57 0.0147
3.86 -0.062 5.79 0.1591 7.72 -0.0466 9.65 -0.0087 11.58 0.0157
3.87 -0.0601 5.8 0.1518 7.73 -0.0472 9.66 -0.0089 11.59 0.0155
3.88 -0.054 5.81 0.1471 7.74 -0.0499 9.67 -0.011 11.6 0.0138
3.89 -0.0465 5.82 0.1427 7.75 -0.0555 9.68 -0.0115 11.61 0.0118
3.9 -0.0406 5.83 0.133 7.76 -0.0611 9.69 -0.0127 11.62 0.0105
3.91 -0.0364 5.84 0.1178 7.77 -0.0641 9.7 -0.0167 11.63 0.0096
3.92 -0.0315 5.85 0.1042 7.78 -0.0649 9.71 -0.0217 11.64 0.0084
3.93 -0.0241 5.86 0.0977 7.79 -0.0651 9.72 -0.0253 11.65 0.0069
3.94 -0.0149 5.87 0.0958 7.8 -0.0653 9.73 -0.0283 11.66 0.0053
3.95 -0.0049 5.88 0.0933 7.81 -0.0663 9.74 -0.0316 11.67 0.0041
3.96 0.005 5.89 0.0877 7.82 -0.0693 9.75 -0.0345 11.68 0.0037
3.97 0.0127 5.9 0.0798 7.83 -0.0732 9.76 -0.0358 11.69 0.0041
3.98 0.0164 5.91 0.0717 7.84 -0.0756 9.77 -0.0361 11.7 0.0049
3.99 0.0173 5.92 0.0659 7.85 -0.0758 9.78 -0.0361 11.71 0.0062
4 0.0184 5.93 0.0626 7.86 -0.0752 9.79 -0.0356 11.72 0.0087
4.01 0.0213 5.94 0.0588 7.87 -0.0747 9.8 -0.0336 11.73 0.0125
4.02 0.0254 5.95 0.0515 7.88 -0.0734 9.81 -0.0302 11.74 0.0163
4.03 0.0299 5.96 0.041 7.89 -0.0711 9.82 -0.0258 11.75 0.0193
4.04 0.0352 5.97 0.0298 7.9 -0.0688 9.83 -0.0208 11.76 0.0226
4.05 0.041 5.98 0.0196 7.91 -0.0666 9.84 -0.0153 11.77 0.0271
4.06 0.0453 5.99 0.0103 7.92 -0.0641 9.85 -0.0095 11.78 0.0324
4.07 0.0465 6 0.0018 7.93 -0.0607 9.86 -0.004 11.79 0.0371
4.08 0.0453 6.01 -0.0063 7.94 -0.0567 9.87 0.0007 11.8 0.0404
4.09 0.0441 6.02 -0.0143 7.95 -0.0528 9.88 0.0054 11.81 0.0424
4.1 0.0442 6.03 -0.0211 7.96 -0.0502 9.89 0.0112 11.82 0.0434
4.11 0.0452 6.04 -0.0254 7.97 -0.0496 9.9 0.0179 11.83 0.0438
4.12 0.0463 6.05 -0.0287 7.98 -0.0499 9.91 0.0237 11.84 0.0441
4.13 0.0471 6.06 -0.0345 7.99 -0.0496 9.92 0.0276 11.85 0.0446
4.14 0.0473 6.07 -0.0442 8 -0.0496 9.93 0.0304 11.86 0.0452
4.15 0.046 6.08 -0.0553 8.01 -0.0512 9.94 0.0338 11.87 0.0458
4.16 0.043 6.09 -0.063 8.02 -0.0538 9.95 0.0382 11.88 0.0456
4.17 0.0387 6.1 -0.0653 8.03 -0.0555 9.96 0.043 11.89 0.0444
4.18 0.0335 6.11 -0.0653 8.04 -0.0564 9.97 0.0477 11.9 0.0425
4.19 0.0259 6.12 -0.0681 8.05 -0.0584 9.98 0.0515 11.91 0.0408
4.2 0.0145 6.13 -0.0752 8.06 -0.0619 9.99 0.054 11.92 0.0394
4.21 0.0005 6.14 -0.0834 8.07 -0.0656 10 0.0562 11.93 0.0381
4.22 -0.0132 6.15 -0.0913 8.08 -0.0684 10.01 0.0597 11.94 0.0367
4.23 -0.0257 6.16 -0.1019 8.09 -0.0707 10.02 0.0651 11.95 0.035
4.24 -0.0393 6.17 -0.1182 8.1 -0.0729 10.03 0.0713 11.96 0.0319
4.25 -0.0554 6.18 -0.1374 8.11 -0.0752 10.04 0.0774 11.97 0.0269
4.26 -0.0712 6.19 -0.1554 8.12 -0.0774 10.05 0.0842 11.98 0.0217
4.27 -0.0822 6.2 -0.1726 8.13 -0.0789 10.06 0.0921 11.99 0.0183
4.28 -0.0872 6.21 -0.1907 8.14 -0.0786 10.07 0.0999 12 0.0171
4.29 -0.0892 6.22 -0.2068 8.15 -0.0757 10.08 0.1057 12.01 0.0169
4.3 -0.0921 6.23 -0.2156 8.16 -0.0711 10.09 0.1089 12.02 0.0161
4.31 -0.096 6.24 -0.218 8.17 -0.0665 10.1 0.1098 12.03 0.0142
4.32 -0.0983 6.25 -0.2212 8.18 -0.0637 10.11 0.1094 12.04 0.0118
4.33 -0.0979 6.26 -0.2305 8.19 -0.0631 10.12 0.1093 12.05 0.01
4.34 -0.0965 6.27 -0.2425 8.2 -0.0639 10.13 0.11 12.06 0.0096
4.35 -0.0957 6.28 -0.2472 8.21 -0.064 10.14 0.1103 12.07 0.0106
4.36 -0.0932 6.29 -0.2372 8.22 -0.0618 10.15 0.109 12.08 0.0122
4.37 -0.0844 6.3 -0.2137 8.23 -0.058 10.16 0.1059 12.09 0.0134
4.38 -0.0673 6.31 -0.1821 8.24 -0.0548 10.17 0.1009 12.1 0.0137
4.39 -0.0445 6.32 -0.1465 8.25 -0.0533 10.18 0.0926 12.11 0.013
4.4 -0.0196 6.33 -0.1107 8.26 -0.052 10.19 0.0816 12.12 0.0123
4.41 0.0038 6.34 -0.0823 8.27 -0.0489 10.2 0.0709 12.13 0.0121
4.42 0.0231 6.35 -0.0688 8.28 -0.0445 10.21 0.0625 12.14 0.0125
4.43 0.0372 6.36 -0.0683 8.29 -0.0403 10.22 0.0548 12.15 0.0128
4.44 0.0483 6.37 -0.071 8.3 -0.0363 10.23 0.0462 12.16 0.0126
4.45 0.059 6.38 -0.0719 8.31 -0.032 10.24 0.0373 12.17 0.012
4.46 0.0685 6.39 -0.0756 8.32 -0.0275 10.25 0.0295 12.18 0.0113
4.47 0.0739 6.4 -0.0861 8.33 -0.0233 10.26 0.0231 12.19 0.0106
4.48 0.0749 6.41 -0.0997 8.34 -0.0191 10.27 0.0176 12.2 0.0101
4.49 0.0741 6.42 -0.1108 8.35 -0.0144 10.28 0.0133 12.21 0.0095
4.5 0.0718 6.43 -0.1182 8.36 -0.009 10.29 0.0113 12.22 0.0085
4.51 0.0638 6.44 -0.1239 8.37 -0.0031 10.3 0.0114 12.23 0.0064
4.52 0.0471 6.45 -0.128 8.38 0.003 10.31 0.013 12.24 0.0032
4.53 0.024 6.46 -0.13 8.39 0.0081 10.32 0.0152 12.25 -0.0004
4.54 0.0005 6.47 -0.1292 8.4 0.0107 10.33 0.0173 12.26 -0.0033
4.55 -0.0186 6.48 -0.1244 8.41 0.0114 10.34 0.0185 12.27 -0.0058
4.56 -0.0324 6.49 -0.114 8.42 0.0123 10.35 0.0187 12.28 -0.0089
4.57 -0.0416 6.5 -0.0991 8.43 0.0141 10.36 0.0189 12.29 -0.0125
4.58 -0.0473 6.51 -0.0841 8.44 0.0162 10.37 0.0205 12.3 -0.0162
4.59 -0.0494 6.52 -0.0721 8.45 0.0179 10.38 0.023 12.31 -0.0195
4.6 -0.0481 6.53 -0.0629 8.46 0.0196 10.39 0.0242 12.32 -0.0226
4.61 -0.0447 6.54 -0.0551 8.47 0.0221 10.4 0.0229 12.33 -0.0257
4.62 -0.0401 6.55 -0.0485 8.48 0.0259 10.41 0.0201 12.34 -0.0288
4.63 -0.0342 6.56 -0.0438 8.49 0.031 10.42 0.0169 12.35 -0.0318
4.64 -0.0256 6.57 -0.0405 8.5 0.0366 10.43 0.0133 12.36 -0.0344
4.65 -0.0142 6.58 -0.0382 8.51 0.0409 10.44 0.0091 12.37 -0.0368
4.66 -0.0007 6.59 -0.037 8.52 0.0436 10.45 0.0054 12.38 -0.0396
4.67 0.0154 6.6 -0.0374 8.53 0.0461 10.46 0.0029 12.39 -0.043
4.68 0.0345 6.61 -0.0396 8.54 0.0496 10.47 0 12.4 -0.0462
4.69 0.0528 6.62 -0.042 8.55 0.0544 10.48 -0.0039 12.41 -0.0482
4.7 0.0635 6.63 -0.0425 8.56 0.0597 10.49 -0.0073 12.42 -0.0495
4.71 0.063 6.64 -0.0398 8.57 0.0644 10.5 -0.0088 12.43 -0.0511
4.72 0.0554 6.65 -0.0344 8.58 0.0675 10.51 -0.0093 12.44 -0.0537
4.73 0.0473 6.66 -0.0283 8.59 0.0696 10.52 -0.0102 12.45 -0.0566
4.74 0.0421 6.67 -0.0236 8.6 0.0718 10.53 -0.0113 12.46 -0.0587
4.75 0.0402 6.68 -0.0209 8.61 0.074 10.54 -0.0122 12.47 -0.0596
4.76 0.0414 6.69 -0.0202 8.62 0.075 10.55 -0.0131 12.48 -0.0598
4.77 0.0456 6.7 -0.0205 8.63 0.0756 10.56 -0.0144 12.49 -0.0602
4.78 0.0509 6.71 -0.0204 8.64 0.0774 10.57 -0.0158 12.5 -0.0612
4.79 0.0551 6.72 -0.0185 8.65 0.0795 10.58 -0.017 12.51 -0.0618
4.8 0.0577 6.73 -0.0149 8.66 0.0794 10.59 -0.0186 12.52 -0.0614
4.81 0.0605 6.74 -0.0116 8.67 0.0774 10.6 -0.021 12.53 -0.0605
4.82 0.0642 6.75 -0.0109 8.68 0.0765 10.61 -0.0235 12.54 -0.0601
4.83 0.067 6.76 -0.0137 8.69 0.0775 10.62 -0.0252 12.55 -0.0604
4.84 0.0666 6.77 -0.0184 8.7 0.0771 10.63 -0.0267 12.56 -0.0609
4.85 0.063 6.78 -0.022 8.71 0.0742 10.64 -0.0287 12.57 -0.0614
4.86 0.0587 6.79 -0.0215 8.72 0.0714 10.65 -0.0315 12.58 -0.0615
4.87 0.0561 6.8 -0.0171 8.73 0.0712 10.66 -0.0341 12.59 -0.0609
4.88 0.0555 6.81 -0.0127 8.74 0.0725 10.67 -0.0353 12.6 -0.0594
4.89 0.0555 6.82 -0.0106 8.75 0.0741 10.68 -0.0353 12.61 -0.0573
4.9 0.0537 6.83 -0.0079 8.76 0.077 10.69 -0.035 12.62 -0.0554
4.91 0.0463 6.84 0.001 8.77 0.0822 10.7 -0.0349 12.63 -0.0538
4.92 0.0296 6.85 0.017 8.78 0.0886 10.71 -0.0349 12.64 -0.052
4.93 0.0044 6.86 0.0364 8.79 0.0943 10.72 -0.0338 12.65 -0.0494
4.94 -0.0224 6.87 0.0563 8.8 0.0977 10.73 -0.031 12.66 -0.0467
4.95 -0.043 6.88 0.0794 8.81 0.0973 10.74 -0.0273 12.67 -0.0443
4.96 -0.055 6.89 0.1093 8.82 0.0935 10.75 -0.024 12.68 -0.041
4.97 -0.0618 6.9 0.1446 8.83 0.0888 10.76 -0.0219 12.69 -0.036
4.98 -0.0676 6.91 0.1775 8.84 0.0855 10.77 -0.0205 12.7 -0.0305
4.99 -0.0743 6.92 0.2003 8.85 0.0829 10.78 -0.0194 12.71 -0.0272
5 -0.0824 6.93 0.211 8.86 0.0799 10.79 -0.0184 12.72 -0.026
Gambar 5. Plot Time History Percepatan Gempa Loma Prieta 18 Oktober 1989
Gambar 6. Plot nilai-nilai puncak spektrum respons percepatan Loma Prieta 1989
Civil Structure Engineering Postgraduate Prog. Hasanuddin Univ. 10 Static and Dynamic Earthquake Analysis. © Yoppy Soleman,
2005
3. Gempa Northridge 18 Januari 1994, komponen

NS
Rekaman Getaran Tanah Gempa Northridge
PGA = 0.843 g atau 8.27 m/s2 (g = 9.81 m/s2)
V MAKS = 128.88 m/s
ZONA = High A/V Records, A/V > 1.2g (m/s)
PERIODE GETARAN KUAT = 20 detik (60 detik total)
LOKASI ACCELEROMETER = Sylmar County Hospital Parking, California
LOKASI EPISENTRAL = Northridge
JARAK EPISENTRAL = 15.0 km
JENIS BATUAN/TANAH = ROCK/STIFF SOIL
INTENSITAS = 6.7 Mw
MMI =X
Tabel 3. Strong Motion Record Gempa Northridge 1994 (T = 20 detik)

(1000 poin data akselerasi dengan t = 0.020 detik. Unit: cm/s2)
6.113 5.105 3.954 2.657 3.071 8.682 14.014 14.220
7.844 -.760 -9.752 -7.167 2.291 .576 -1.137 4.324
4.508 .356 5.636 11.902 6.768 -12.091 -12.023 -.306
-2.107 5.400 6.131 2.199 -10.356 -22.498 -17.031 2.339
8.086 9.236 34.841 25.399 -2.579 -17.952 -27.317 .197
34.773 7.988 -24.037 -7.178 10.413 13.221 14.901 23.160
-6.669 -41.919 -2.625 31.525 23.771 17.933 13.864 -14.178
-37.272 -31.268 -26.551 -15.631 30.517 46.866 52.409 31.029
-25.406 -15.662 3.160 3.377 10.586 25.329 31.742 39.732
34.688 28.409 1.272 -43.288 -35.318 -29.492 4.319 28.865
49.757 11.808 -18.391 35.747 58.350 21.497 -12.912 25.147
26.447 8.625 -13.613 -1.234 10.583 3.197 -29.503 -27.372
-17.704 -51.827 -38.423 10.621 49.829 9.619 -51.075 -20.617
37.193 58.140 11.943 -2.939 36.849 44.829 -2.068 -49.972
15.170 68.052 10.037 -59.366 6.661 110.413 127.893 36.658
-26.619 -35.701 -75.599 -78.536 16.405 83.563 70.584 8.767
-1.821 3.080 -49.315 -58.718 -22.295 15.756 22.895 54.185
34.993 -40.017 -42.588 9.839 -14.902 -41.273 -42.733 -17.434
-3.540 15.073 55.788 59.737 42.211 42.039 68.920 18.832
1.188 39.161 39.445 -5.082 .541 8.995 -7.253 -1.045
27.004 37.510 6.264 -27.336 -69.309 -114.516 -157.278 -184.508
-223.008 -262.912 -298.839 -327.393 -339.799 -349.770 -351.478 -364.538
-378.771 -384.207 -408.722 -455.766 -484.871 -472.495 -456.005 -451.391
-435.599 -335.904 -126.397 106.590 311.690 463.747 560.469 647.873
664.793 613.581 574.459 501.587 546.232 198.494 -439.449 -578.034
-501.667 -409.901 -360.974 -264.840 -52.114 201.178 376.752 461.041
626.960 823.811 826.760 653.667 556.615 541.587 479.404 407.632
372.429 275.212 4.653 -235.196 -288.831 -212.496 -58.487 42.930
115.329 168.102 236.912 238.009 99.982 -16.424 -35.142 -29.137
-43.111 -87.228 -133.919 -164.040 -56.417 108.755 180.484 186.501
99.383 37.870 23.810 -32.733 -85.041 -100.750 -114.259 -138.862
-190.385 -243.180 -269.044 -276.767 -264.101 -239.257 -147.757 -20.725
39.117 44.857 23.060 -18.380 -71.103 -106.747 -150.292 -169.500
-189.562 -171.208 -77.068 -5.833 25.928 35.548 56.090 134.327
131.339 34.314 -12.075 -35.177 -71.483 -147.077 -117.210 -27.432
1.847 -9.922 -71.046 -130.027 -158.125 -112.241 -65.672 -45.804
-9.612 55.758 86.985 80.850 79.355 83.794 88.020 48.001
24.670 16.816 -9.646 -69.534 -105.157 -100.840 -108.480 -135.722
-159.104 -166.394 -166.475 -152.580 -126.625 -61.657 44.554 135.872
185.490 182.821 138.015 94.673 49.459 9.701 -33.333 -66.958
-93.802 -114.340 -121.376 -92.687 -28.740 25.689 61.785 72.830
74.813 63.418 32.278 -20.480 -85.038 -163.147 -234.882 -278.670
-211.013 -57.458 73.642 152.951 172.326 137.971 55.436 -22.757
-43.598 -9.870 41.109 104.991 157.585 208.911 242.637 245.543
228.230 188.676 157.329 154.966 167.870 168.583 142.814 126.694
119.194 85.792 67.866 101.832 146.159 137.786 102.936 87.832
68.068 31.645 .169 15.365 59.339 77.400 49.103 -12.821
-68.632 -102.263 -112.572 -119.324 -138.466 -172.656 -201.250 -217.953
-232.408 -167.463 -4.273 152.079 265.125 325.623 336.971 310.868
190.793 44.942 -83.069 -174.430 -198.872 -210.894 -228.918 -263.116
-281.077 -267.955 -236.210 -230.343 -219.080 -189.320 -182.316 -193.773
-193.022 -151.105 -97.646 -53.522 -15.643 16.018 39.921 37.747
14.617 26.296 77.937 113.556 118.890 123.458 138.368 151.626
111.301 36.482 -10.841 -39.164 -70.899 -97.525 -105.640 -104.003
-79.396 -32.444 38.938 112.762 151.336 161.549 166.743 176.889
181.191 176.254 156.714 123.497 84.452 44.406 1.035 -25.389
-35.701 -44.259 -52.848 -66.438 -73.643 -63.284 -39.976 -27.945
2005
-19.698 -5.766 6.609 7.895 -2.739 -14.818 -10.614 5.732

10.023 6.124 8.278 31.891 60.648 67.578 50.234 13.849
-29.053 -52.154 -58.092 -57.758 -63.416 -49.953 10.928 64.400
80.405 83.560 67.487 34.342 22.606 26.301 19.943 -18.838
-45.181 -51.374 -67.172 -86.604 -90.726 -73.743 -62.380 -62.752
-64.344 -61.454 -60.036 -41.691 -6.461 5.361 -7.630 -22.948
-29.156 -40.405 -58.141 -69.096 -65.794 -37.017 -.106 31.882
60.390 78.118 80.804 55.145 16.899 -20.711 -56.264 -72.589
-55.897 -14.212 8.059 17.020 27.840 39.103 43.483 43.330
47.129 47.328 40.790 32.100 27.029 17.886 1.942 -15.748
-30.591 -49.000 -69.193 -78.316 -74.688 -48.817 2.664 54.958
94.261 116.965 123.603 105.901 73.571 55.063 38.640 8.803
-35.613 -82.840 -103.879 -103.266 -67.380 -14.193 34.524 72.085
85.730 80.838 44.670 -9.775 -63.901 -85.004 -81.863 -71.443
-52.987 -33.373 -23.299 -19.598 -11.138 -1.023 2.857 -4.432
-18.058 -23.859 -17.994 -13.887 -11.555 -11.189 -11.766 -14.784
-15.216 -7.159 1.154 3.352 -2.124 -8.093 -2.774 13.616
34.480 48.940 53.548 61.015 72.947 80.924 79.752 72.804
66.131 54.544 39.645 30.679 29.686 27.389 19.761 12.057
9.218 5.847 -5.487 -27.743 -52.838 -70.825 -83.492 -92.709
-86.062 -43.366 -.770 16.643 27.233 37.533 46.451 46.896
34.886 21.729 12.144 3.998 3.296 9.454 16.207 18.636
18.794 17.032 10.271 2.803 1.392 1.409 -8.616 -31.019
-47.672 -45.782 -21.990 -2.102 1.703 5.142 9.734 8.403
-5.871 -27.910 -45.788 -52.243 -47.672 -40.028 -36.021 -31.260
-22.757 -14.812 -14.686 -23.902 -29.899 -28.661 -26.271 -26.807
-23.568 -7.906 1.770 -3.781 -11.525 -10.119 -2.062 7.373
17.089 18.832 8.024 -5.671 -14.010 -14.327 -9.317 11.835
38.757 49.379 47.311 44.521 48.903 51.597 47.686 43.523
44.845 39.536 26.390 11.887 .958 -3.888 -5.827 -12.036
-29.078 -46.885 -56.871 -55.672 -44.323 -24.882 -7.043 1.409
2.523 6.131 17.667 29.813 30.860 21.972 11.571 -.387
-12.436 -15.611 -2.572 13.832 21.941 23.097 23.142 20.880
15.965 9.474 .354 -7.601 -18.152 -27.475 -28.603 -22.483
-20.548 -22.287 -17.212 -10.722 -6.398 -10.148 -10.757 -8.132
-10.151 -12.064 -10.099 -8.725 -12.930 -17.977 -21.088 -20.247
-14.141 -5.131 5.940 22.406 36.278 44.692 43.845 39.937
34.059 22.482 5.290 -12.024 -22.003 -28.023 -32.727 -36.741
-38.033 -32.762 -20.371 -3.759 6.278 3.968 -3.473 -6.129
-.248 7.518 17.396 24.226 22.611 13.166 5.153 1.526
1.317 5.174 10.335 15.583 23.551 32.170 33.268 23.859
10.451 5.144 8.742 11.029 3.217 -8.473 -15.751 -19.213
-19.220 -12.850 -2.552 3.971 1.357 -3.862 .184 11.957
19.577 23.302 26.653 25.984 19.501 4.883 -10.608 -19.999
-21.578 -16.632 -6.181 5.258 13.991 12.404 -4.495 -22.609
-29.842 -31.043 -30.948 -28.699 -21.137 -10.182 2.820 17.556
25.368 22.683 17.175 14.898 15.549 20.725 25.669 27.262
26.901 28.321 30.331 29.567 25.180 17.329 8.194 -4.048
-16.957 -24.884 -29.508 -34.280 -34.509 -24.996 -16.406 -11.143
-2.966 6.482 13.007 12.933 13.495 15.833 18.085 17.369
9.984 6.200 6.865 4.864 -.673 -7.168 -10.615 -13.343
-12.540 -10.410 -8.746 -6.563 -3.572 .594 7.236 14.366
21.003 28.684 34.156 34.698 27.209 16.568 6.759 -.248
-6.751 -14.492 -21.614 -27.232 -26.387 -20.434 -12.952 -6.029
.249 1.580 -3.531 -7.917 -10.058 -8.219 -4.999 -.264
3.641 2.231 -2.572 -8.545 -10.777 -5.955 2.362 9.394
12.085 8.421 3.945 4.890 6.910 3.415 -6.824 -15.847
-19.567 -17.097 -7.561 1.966 5.920 2.261 -3.675 -5.028
-2.554 -4.673 -10.056 -17.410 -25.043 -26.554 -17.528 .100
12.805 13.175 4.115 -8.243 -17.357 -19.471 -17.036 -11.970
-8.591 -7.667 -4.435 1.561 7.794 12.841 19.582 27.094
31.584 33.754 30.838 24.133 17.626 16.502 18.769 18.340
15.731 10.690 5.720 3.835 3.715 3.966 1.825 -3.247
-8.360 -13.096 -17.517 -23.087 -25.075 -20.809 -14.654 -10.802
-8.583 -4.740 -1.926 -2.019 -.944 1.956 7.625 10.831
7.182 4.289 3.670 .900 -5.046 -8.379 -6.620 -2.408
.038 -1.462 -3.487 -5.051 -9.916 -17.509 -23.706 -28.714
2005
Gambar 7. Plot Time History Percepatan Gempa Northridge 18 Januari 1994
Gambar 8. Plot nilai-nilai puncak spektrum respons percepatan Northridge 1994

2005
4. Gempa Kocaeli (Turki) 17 Agustus 1999

Rekaman Getaran Tanah Gempa Kocaeli
PGA = 0.628 g (g = 9.81 m/s^2)
V MAKS = 77.42 m/s
PERIODE GETARAN KUAT = 20 Detik
LOKASI ACCELEROMETER = Sakaria Recording Station
JARAK EPISENTRAL = km
LOKASI EPISENTRAL = North Anatolian Fault Zone
MAGNITUDE = 7.4 Mw
Tabel 2. Strong Motion Record Gempa Kocaeli 1999 (t. diambil selama 10.09 detik)
0 - 0.66 - 1.32 0.0650316 1.98 - 2.64 -
0.009873598 0.021380224 1.33 0.14266055 0.157400612
0.01 - 0.67 - 1.99 - 2.65 -
0.010150866 0.029589195 0.07459735 0.158124363 0.190203874
0.02 - 0.68 - 1.34 2 - 2.66 -
0.010072375 0.036519878 0.16285423 0.212579001
0.03 - 0.69 - 0.07295209 2.01 - 2.67 -
0.009720693 0.04049949 1.35 0.152844037 0.224199796
0.04 - 0.7 - 2.02 - 2.68 -
0.009296636 0.040385321 0.061180428 0.127482161 0.225474006
0.05 - 0.71 - 1.36 2.03 - 2.69 -
0.009039755 0.035915392 0.089502548 0.21775739
0.06 - 0.72 - 0.042670744 2.04 - 2.7 -
0.00912844 0.027889908 1.37 0.04420897 0.203476045
0.07 - 0.73 - 2.05 2.71 -
0.009604485 0.018133537 0.022215087 0.185963303
0.08 - 0.74 - 1.38 2.72 -
0.001397044
0.010356779 0.009232416 0.169092762
2.06
0.09 - 0.75 - 0.004850357 2.73 -
0.011178389 0.003965341 1.39 - 0.156809378
0.039666667
0.1 - 0.76 - 0.005204893 2.74 -
2.07
0.011860347 0.004437309 1.4 - 0.152283384
0.11 - 0.77 - 0.005316004 2.75 -
0.063904179
0.012298675 0.011203874 1.41 0.156738022
2.08 0.0704842
0.12 - 0.78 - 2.76 -
2.09
0.012536188 0.022807339 0.005181244 0.168399592
0.13 - 0.79 - 1.42 2.77 -
0.060740061
0.012727829 0.036090724 0.182130479
2.1
0.14 - 0.8 - 0.024996942 2.78 -
0.01304893 0.047186544 1.43 0.190356779
0.04145158
0.15 - 0.81 - 2.79 -
2.11
0.01359735 0.052785933 0.051334353 0.184923547
0.16 - 0.82 - 1.44 2.8 -
0.023111111
0.014333333 0.051182467 0.159235474
2.12
0.17 - 0.83 - 0.080717635 2.81 -
0.015093782 0.042777778 1.45 0.110040775
0.016001019
0.18 - 0.84 - 2.82 -
2.13
0.01564526 0.029939857 0.109877676 0.038442406
0.19 - 0.85 - 1.46 2.83
0.025683996
0.015803262 0.016248726
2.14
0.2 - 0.86 - 0.050132518
0.136207951
0.015533129 0.005343527 2.84
1.47 0.050456677
0.21 - 0.87
2.15
0.015005097 0.14695209
0.157787971
0.22 - 2.85
0.000192966 1.48 0.082277268
0.014544343
0.88 - 2.16
0.23 - 0.241834862
0.000571865 0.173221203
0.014477064 2.86
0.89 - 1.49 0.110642202
0.24 -
0.007010194 2.17
0.014971458 0.325504587
0.9 - 0.181518858
0.25 - 2.87
0.017479103 1.5 0.127247706
0.015948012
0.91 - 2.18
0.26 - 0.391885831
0.029897044 0.181896024
0.01711213 2.88
0.92 - 1.51 0.128888889
0.27 -
0.04206524 2.19
0.018073394 0.439490316
0.93 - 0.173781855
0.28 - 2.89
0.051782875 1.52 0.117441386
0.018494393
2005
0.29 - 0.94 - 2.2

0.018201835 0.057018349 0.157176351 0.471060143
0.3 - 0.95 - 1.53 0.097363914 2.9
0.017256881 0.056311927 2.21
0.31 - 0.96 - 0.133343527 0.491396534
0.015936799 0.049270133 1.54 2.91
0.072678899
0.32 - 0.97 -
2.22
0.014638124 0.036877676 0.105412844 0.503924567
0.33 - 0.98 - 1.55 2.92
0.045350663
0.013723751 0.021390418
2.23 0.0159684
0.34 - 0.99 - 0.07837105 0.507441386
2.24 -
0.013391437 0.005834862 1.56 2.93
0.014310907
0.35 - 1
2.25 -
0.013633028 0.057944954 0.494811417
0.042369011
0.36 - 0.00665474 1.57 2.94
2.26 -
0.014303772 1.01
0.063160041
0.37 - 0.048601427
2.27 - 0.455076453
0.015253823 1.58
0.013463812 0.070943935 2.95
0.38 -
1.02 2.28 -
0.01641998 0.051574924
0.061224261 0.378277268
0.39 - 1.59
0.013023445 2.29 - 2.96
0.017813456
1.03 0.032872579
0.4 - 0.064010194
2.3 0.261243629
0.019414883 1.6
0.005199185 2.97
0.41 -
1.04 - 0.010181651
0.02106422 0.079704383
0.008571865 2.31 0.111233435
0.42 - 1.61
1.05 - 2.98 -
0.02241998
0.025464832 0.058444444 0.054185525
0.43 -
1.06 - 0.091220183 2.32 2.99 -
0.023022426
0.041850153 1.62 0.21108053
0.44 -
1.07 - 0.098388379 3 -
0.022462793
0.054202854 0.092486239 2.33 0.334923547
0.45 -
1.08 - 1.63 3.01 -
0.020555556
0.060139653 0.116146789 0.406207951
0.46 -
1.09 - 0.080810398 2.34 3.02 -
0.01748318
0.05917737 1.64 0.414352701
0.47 -
1.1 - 0.10224261 3.03 -
0.013823649
0.052826707 0.057700306 2.35 0.359520897
0.48 -
1.11 - 1.65 3.04 -
0.010438328
0.043823649 0.05512946 0.252171254
0.49 -
1.12 - 0.028525994 2.36 - 3.05 -
0.008251784
0.034793068 1.66 0.017798165 0.11058104
0.5 -
1.13 - 2.37 - 3.06
0.007997961
0.027081549 0.001053721 0.10204893
0.51 -
1.14 - 1.67 - 2.38 - 0.042985729
0.009998981
0.020394495 0.016962283 0.179949032 3.07
0.52 -
1.15 - 1.68 - 2.39 -
0.014042813
0.013359837 0.020260958 0.23540265 0.18648318
0.53 -
1.16 - 1.69 - 2.4 - 3.08
0.019365953
0.004642202 0.007608563 0.257920489
0.54 -
1.17 1.7 2.41 - 0.301671764
0.024785933
0.244770642 3.09
0.55 -
0.005993578 0.018036697 2.42 -
0.028973496
1.18 1.71 0.201049949
0.56 - 0.376687054
2.43 -
0.03080632 3.1
0.017187564 0.050554536 0.137828746
0.57 -
1.19 1.72 2.44 -
0.029706422 0.407155963
0.068899083
0.58 - 3.11
0.026261978 0.082481142 2.45 -
0.025833843
1.2 1.73 0.007407747
0.59 - 0.396391437
2.46
0.020059123 3.12
0.030153925 0.106992864
0.6 -
1.21 1.74 0.036621814
0.013727829 0.354301733
2.47
0.61 - 3.13
0.026624873 0.11930683
0.008313965
1.22 1.75 0.057479103
0.62 - 0.295056065
2.48
0.005085627 3.14
0.015321101 0.117349643
0.63 -
1.23 - 1.76 0.054082569
0.004849134 0.233527013
0.001767584 2.49
0.64 - 3.15
1.24 -
0.007824669 0.101807339
0.020637105 0.029943935
0.65 - 1.77 0.181804281
1.25 - 2.5 -
0.013644241 3.16
0.036319062 0.007227319
0.075704383
1.26 - 2.51 -
1.78 0.146625892
0.044271152 0.046685015
3.17
1.27 - 2.52 -
0.043701325
0.041655454 0.076857288
1.79 0.128379205
1.28 - 2.53 -
3.18
0.028132518 0.088330275
0.010989806
1.29 -0.006 2.54 -
1.8 - 0.121885831
1.3 0.076866463
0.017959225 3.19
2005
1.81 - 2.55 -
0.020395515 0.040464832 0.045431193 0.11853211
1.31 1.82 - 2.56 - 3.2
0.056250765 0.004001019
1.83 - 2.57 0.109276249
0.045745158
0.067362895 3.21
1.84 - 0.033519878
0.07712844 2.58 0.087311927
1.85 - 3.22
0.088459735 0.054381244
1.86 - 2.59 0.049487258
0.102364934 3.23 -
1.87 - 0.051560652 0.003761468
0.117461774 2.6 3.24 -
1.88 - 0.069404689
0.130723751 0.025576962 3.25 -
1.89 - 2.61 - 0.14304791
0.138776758 0.016913354 3.26 -
1.9 - 2.62 - 0.21950051
0.139276249 0.066644241 3.27 -
1.91 - 2.63 - 0.292446483
0.131946993 0.115300714 3.28 -
1.92 - 0.354260958
0.119174312 3.29 -
1.93 - 0.396636086
0.105616718
1.94 -
0.096573904
1.95 -
0.09611315
1.96 -
0.105575943
1.97 -
0.122844037
3.3 - 4.66 6.02 - 7.38 8.74 -

0.41204893 0.235749235 0.107400612
3.31 - 0.167329256 6.03 - 0.375086646 8.75 -
0.395728848 4.67 0.287502548 7.39 0.082545362
3.32 - 6.04 - 8.76 -
0.347635066 0.161427115 0.285514781 0.332609582 0.052172273
3.33 - 4.68 6.05 - 7.4 8.77 -
0.274057085 0.236085627 0.030199796
3.34 - 0.135779817 6.06 - 8.78 -
0.279001019
0.187726809 4.69 0.15872579 0.02817737
7.41
3.35 - 6.07 - 8.79 -
0.105321101 0.090601427 0.076118247 0.050324159
0.216320082
3.36 - 4.7 6.08 - 8.8 -
7.42
0.042434251 0.005608563 0.091474006
3.37 - 0.030445464 6.09 8.81 -
0.149908257
0.007826707 4.71 - 0.138542304
7.43
3.38 - 0.036425076 0.044858308 8.82 -
0.00020999 4.72 - 6.1 0.174587156
0.088224261
3.39 - 0.10009684 8.83 -
7.44
0.009051988 4.73 - 0.075644241 0.183975535
3.4 - 0.151885831 6.11 8.84 -
0.040849134
0.019091743 4.74 - 0.157176351
7.45
3.41 - 0.187013252 0.091181448 8.85 -
0.016521916 4.75 - 6.12 0.094124363
0.014974516
3.42 0.205953109 8.86 -
7.46 0.0122263
4.76 - 0.095753313 0.005017329
7.47
0.005830071 0.213853211 6.13 8.87
3.43 4.77 -
0.02750051
0.218022426 0.091437309
7.48 0.091756371
0.046343527 4.78 - 6.14
8.88
3.44 0.224444444
0.050593272
4.79 - 0.078536188
7.49 0.174485219
0.096230377 0.235310907 6.15
8.89
3.45 4.8 -
0.069901121
0.248939857 0.057505607
7.5 0.224434251
0.144220183 4.81 - 6.16
8.9
3.46 0.261692151
0.07675739
4.82 - 0.030669725
7.51 0.23138634
0.18216106 0.269826707 6.17
8.91
3.47 4.83 -
0.068606524
0.270091743 0.002241488
7.52 0.196095821
0.208603466 4.84 - 6.18 -
8.92
3.48 0.259520897 0.02354842
0.049410805
4.85 - 6.19 -
7.53 0.128888889
0.22833843 0.235158002 0.044937819
8.93
3.49 4.86 - 6.2 -
0.02688685
0.194475025 0.063884811
7.54 0.045376147
2005
4.87 - 6.21 - 8.94 -

0.247696228 0.136707441 0.085417941 0.008077472 0.038429154
3.5 4.88 - 6.22 - 7.55 - 8.95 -
0.065100917 0.115749235 0.004350663 0.109928644
0.267879715 4.89 6.23 - 7.56 - 8.96 -
3.51 0.159816514 0.013233435 0.161804281
0.011085627 6.24 - 7.57 - 8.97 -
0.28077472 4.9 0.218542304 0.025254842 0.192130479
3.52 6.25 - 7.58 - 8.98 -
0.076733945 0.286788991 0.047731906 0.203109072
0.271090724 4.91 6.26 - 7.59 - 8.99 -
3.53 0.352945973 0.085432212 0.199276249
0.114189602 6.27 - 7.6 - 9 -
0.224352701 4.92 0.400764526 0.138552497 0.185840979
3.54 6.28 - 7.61 - 9.01 -
0.109296636 0.413058104 0.202324159 0.16756371
4.93 6.29 - 7.62 - 9.02 -
0.136167176
0.376513761 0.267910296 0.148165138
3.55
0.057815494 6.3 - 7.63 - 9.03 -
4.94 - 0.286615698 0.324046891 0.130020387
0.017223242
0.030849134 6.31 - 7.64 - 9.04 -
3.56 -
4.95 - 0.150978593 0.358848114 0.113893986
0.109092762
0.134658512 6.32 7.65 - 9.05 -
3.57 -
4.96 - 0.361681957 0.09877472
0.215708461
0.224780836 0.010857288 7.66 - 9.06 -
3.58 -
4.97 - 6.33 0.325474006 0.082123344
0.28304791
0.274505607 7.67 - 9.07 -
3.59 -
4.98 - 0.172069317 0.249755352 0.060794088
0.306146789
0.268205912 6.34 7.68 - 9.08 -
3.6 -
4.99 - 0.143914373 0.032475025
0.293863405
0.206738022 0.306136595 7.69 - 9.09
3.61 -
5 - 6.35 0.028008155
0.261294597
0.106972477 7.7 0.002985627
3.62 -
5.01 9.1
0.220030581 0.394097859
0.070877676
3.63 - 6.36
7.71 0.043180428
0.171651376 0.004078389
9.11
3.64 - 5.02 0.428776758
0.126422018
0.108297655 6.37
7.72 0.083852192
3.65 - 0.098300714
9.12
0.020086646 5.03 0.415168196
0.122201835
3.66 6.38
7.73 0.120265036
0.155382263
9.13
0.094866463 5.04 0.367278287
0.058358818
3.67 6.39
7.74 - 0.148511723
0.168766565
0.047015291 9.14
0.224087666 5.05 0.30285423
7.75 -
3.68 6.4
0.162864424 0.166248726
0.146941896
7.76 - 9.15
0.341896024 5.06 0.237961264
0.255229358
3.69 6.41
7.77 - 0.17224261
0.109561672
0.298980632 9.16
0.417889908 5.07 0.18343527
7.78 -
3.7 6.42
0.28648318 0.165565749
0.079865443
7.79 - 9.17
0.428939857 5.08 0.143720693
0.229582059
3.71 6.43
7.8 -
0.075430173 0.145178389
0.154026504
0.369449541 5.09 0.117726809 9.18
7.81 -
3.72 6.44
0.088590214
0.10088787 0.11108053
7.82 -
0.255321101 5.1 0.1454842 0.100803262 9.19
0.053691131
3.73 5.11 0.1872579 6.45
7.83 -
5.12 0.066156983
0.053780836
0.119724771 0.087220183 9.2
7.84 -
3.74 0.202731906 6.46
0.076833843
5.13 0.01741896
7.85 -
0.002252192 0.072370031 9.21 -
0.100876656
3.75 - 0.177737003 6.47 0.024768603
7.86 -
0.06443629 5.14 9.22 -
0.104373089
3.76 - 0.053966361 0.049559633
7.87 -
0.065231397 0.114077472 6.48 9.23 -
0.075718654
3.77 - 5.15 0.04946789
7.88 -
0.006380224 0.032148828 9.24 -
0.017969419
3.78 0.028939857 6.49 0.023470948
7.89
5.16 - 9.25
0.089007136 0.052118247 0.008711009
0.052830785
3.79 5.17 - 6.5 - 0.02203262
7.9
0.104658512 0.013955148 9.26
0.191600408 5.18 - 6.51 -
0.114729867
3.8 0.113455657 0.033647299 0.075093782
7.91
5.19 - 6.52 - 9.27
0.277655454 0.07641896 0.048836901
0.149235474
2005
3.81 5.2 - 6.53 - 7.92

0.003518858 0.059002039 0.122201835
0.336197757 5.21 6.54 - 0.148776758 9.28
3.82 0.064761468 7.93
0.087909276 6.55 - 0.152456677
0.368450561 5.22 0.067557594 0.11930683 9.29
3.83 6.56 - 7.94
0.178909276 0.068897044 0.160030581
0.380723751 5.23 6.57 - 0.076973496 9.3
3.84 0.06951682 7.95
0.253577982 6.58 - 0.144332314
0.376055046 5.24 0.069087666 0.041013252 9.31
3.85 6.59 - 7.96
0.301916412 0.066828746 0.10861366
0.349643221 5.25 6.6 - 0.025787971 9.32
3.86 0.062771662 7.97
0.320672783 6.61 -
0.058148828
0.290632008 5.26 0.058841998 0.035253823
9.33 -
3.87 6.62 - 7.98
0.000738022
0.312191641 0.058869521
9.34 -
0.189276249 5.27 6.63 - 0.061944954
0.060585117
3.88 0.067118247 7.99
9.35 -
0.282150866 6.64 -
0.112395515
0.046441386 5.28 0.085807339
0.090733945 9.36 -
3.89 - 6.65 -
8 0.146258919
0.119653415 0.237308869 0.11285423
9.37 -
3.9 - 5.29 6.66 -
0.105351682 0.153588175
0.274046891 0.141406728
8.01 9.38 -
3.91 - 0.184067278 6.67 -
0.13038736
0.374994903 5.3 0.161957187
0.094437309 9.39 -
3.92 - 6.68 -
8.02 0.0799684
0.390142712 0.127910296 0.165942915
9.4 -
3.93 - 5.31 6.69 -
0.054542304 0.013537207
0.311478084 0.149296636
8.03 - 9.41
3.94 - 0.073495413 6.7 -
0.010437309
0.161396534 5.32 0.114301733
8.04 - 0.052253823
3.95 6.71 -
0.092361876 9.42
0.068640163
0.02493476 8.05 -
0.014219164 6.72 -
5.33 - 0.182222222 0.100401631
3.96 0.02211213
0.014190622 8.06 - 9.43
6.73
5.34 - 0.271885831
0.163873598
0.040948012 8.07 - 0.119408767
3.97 0.017425076
5.35 - 0.35362895 9.44
6.74
0.05317737 8.08 -
0.251518858
5.36 - 0.418980632 0.107380224
3.98 0.047086646
0.049700306 8.09 - 9.45
6.75
5.37 - 0.458705403
0.269908257 0.0307737 8.1 - 0.072562691
0.069503568
3.99 5.38 0.464872579 9.46
6.76
8.11 -
0.239745158 0.001377982 0.434352701 0.029939857
0.090625892
4 5.39 8.12 - 9.47 -
6.77
0.371569827 0.004785933
0.196320082 0.042276249 8.13 - 9.48 -
0.115830785
4.01 5.4 0.288562691 0.021345566
6.78
8.14 - 9.49 -
0.171732926 0.085342508 0.201671764 0.018751274
0.146238532
4.02 5.41 8.15 - 9.5 -
6.79
0.126014271 0.005203874
0.18069317 0.122803262 8.16 - 9.51
4.03 5.42 0.177003058 0.070456677
6.8 8.17 - 0.006000102
0.215412844 0.147665647 0.035546381 9.52
4.04 5.43 0.198430173 8.18 -
6.81 0.015116208 0.002881549
0.25069317 0.156095821 8.19 - 9.53 -
4.05 5.44 0.199653415 0.000649337 0.019450561
6.82 8.2 9.54 -
0.256748216 0.14853211 0.056417941
4.06 5.45 0.173149847 0.013735984 9.55 -
6.83 8.21 0.096030581
0.213374108 0.128134557 9.56 -
4.07 5.46 0.118756371 0.028015291 0.124332314
6.84 8.22 9.57 -
0.119561672 0.097848114 0.131651376
4.08 - 5.47 0.045250765 0.036288481 9.58 -
0.005318043 6.85 - 8.23 0.11675841
4.09 - 0.031286442 9.59 -
0.058475025
0.128786952 6.86 - 0.030018349 0.086666667
5.48
4.1 - 0.092119266 8.24 9.6 -
0.217573904 6.87 - 0.052487258
0.009343221
4.11 - 0.121651376 0.002817737 9.61 -
5.49 -
2005
0.249520897 0.048833843 6.88 - 8.25 - 0.0237737

4.12 - 5.5 - 0.112538226 0.045297655 9.62 -
0.220285423 0.111355759 6.89 - 8.26 - 0.00469419
4.13 - 5.51 - 0.068555556 0.106075433 9.63
0.143496432 0.169765545 6.9 - 8.27 -
4.14 - 5.52 - 0.003988787 0.164587156 0.006148624
0.045155963 0.215321101 6.91 8.28 - 9.64
4.15 5.53 - 0.203812436
0.242986748 0.06062895 8.29 - 0.012925586
0.04561264 5.54 - 6.92 0.210173293 9.65
4.16 0.253251784 8.3 -
5.55 - 0.105229358 0.177920489 0.019063201
0.106340469 0.250846075 6.93 8.31 - 9.66
4.17 5.56 - 0.110417941
0.241865443 0.116941896 8.32 - 0.02512844
0.128205912 5.57 - 6.94 0.018598369 9.67
4.18 0.230825688 8.33
5.58 - 0.029116208
0.094348624
0.117573904 0.219194699 0.082455657 9.68
6.95
4.19 5.59 - 8.34
0.205372069 0.028712538
0.047554536
0.091892966 5.6 - 0.177227319 9.69
6.96 -
4.2 0.185749235 8.35
0.005733945
5.61 - 0.023930683
6.97 -
0.071647299 0.156391437 0.252589195 9.7
0.0464842
4.21 5.62 - 8.36
6.98 -
0.11520897 0.018265036
0.060700306
0.071869521 5.63 - 0.299286442 9.71
6.99 -
4.22 0.06398369 8.37
0.043904179
5.64 - 0.01750051
7 -
0.096267074 0.009074414 0.312507645 9.72
0.002422018
4.23 5.65 8.38
7.01
0.026700306
0.13559633 0.039731906 0.292171254 9.73
0.048987768
4.24 5.66 8.39
7.02
0.046914373
0.170978593 0.072547401 0.243211009 9.74
0.092491335
4.25 5.67 8.4
7.03
0.073492355
0.181498471 0.084111111 0.175637105 9.75
0.113679918
4.26 5.68 8.41
7.04
0.097116208
0.15304791 0.077552497 0.103853211 9.76
0.106911315
4.27 5.69 8.42
7.05
0.107237513
0.084679918 0.064289501 0.044551478 9.77
0.07762895
4.28 - 5.7 8.43
7.06
0.009985729
0.096272171
4.29 - 0.05958104
0.04058104 0.012881753 9.78
0.106941896 5.71
7.07 8.44
4.3 -
0.06282263
0.180244648 0.076019368
0.01451682 0.018001019 9.79
4.31 - 5.72
7.08 8.45
0.211457696
0.012740061
4.32 - 0.117737003
0.015450561 0.059392457 9.8 -
0.19598369 5.73
7.09 8.46 0.041982671
4.33 -
9.81 -
0.143873598 0.177196738
0.125575943 0.086256881
4.34 - 5.74 0.051100917
8.47 9.82 -
0.075249745 7.1
0.106258919
4.35 - 0.235749235
0.196320082 9.83 -
0.012312946 5.75 0.118389399
8.48 0.093985729
4.36 7.11
9.84 -
0.268481142
0.248297655 0.050517839
0.028845056 5.76 0.204444444
8.49 9.85
4.37 7.12
0.252191641 0.262731906 0.013460754
0.043127421 0.290214067
5.77 8.5 9.86
4.38 7.13
0.174352701 0.232232416 0.080197757
0.036061162 0.355637105
5.78 8.51 9.87
4.39 7.14
0.039833843 0.16382263 0.130071356
0.018972477 0.384801223
5.79 - 8.52 9.88
4.4 7.15
0.127828746
5.8 - 0.076937819 0.148154944
0.002638736 0.370040775
0.292283384 8.53 - 9.89
4.41 - 7.16
5.81 - 0.003318043
0.007188583
0.416004077 8.54 - 0.129755352
4.42 - 0.313975535
5.82 - 0.055069317 9.9
0.010719674 7.17
0.473384302 8.55 -
4.43 -
5.83 - 0.067167176 0.08261366
0.012055046 0.229276249
2005
4.44 - 0.460040775 7.18 8.56 - 9.91

0.015818552 5.84 - 0.042150866
4.45 - 0.394689093 0.135769623 8.57 0.024346585
0.024255861 5.85 - 7.19 9.92 -
4.46 - 0.312711519 0.00628053 0.023928644
0.036234455 5.86 - 0.055461774 8.58 9.93 -
4.47 - 0.253527013 7.2 0.045531091
0.048558614 5.87 - 9.94 -
0.059716616
4.48 - 0.246422018 0.006783078 0.034702345
8.59
0.058626911 5.88 - 7.21 - 9.95
4.49 - 0.300061162 0.000203874
0.102181448
0.066688073 5.89 - 7.22 0.001074108
8.6
4.5 - 0.399622834 9.96
0.076106014 5.9 - 0.033686035
0.124933741
4.51 - 0.51243629 7.23 0.044091743
8.61
0.091102956 5.91 - 9.97
4.52 - 0.599398573 0.097487258
0.127635066
0.113384302 5.92 - 7.24 0.073585117
8.62
4.53 - 0.628216106 9.98
0.140132518 5.93 - 0.173955148
0.116360856
4.54 - 0.583537207 7.25 0.07395209
8.63
0.164668705 5.94 - 9.99
4.55 - 0.471172273 0.245361876
0.099601427
0.179072375 5.95 - 7.26 0.040506626
8.64
4.56 - 0.316034659 10 -
0.177196738 5.96 - 0.29911315 0.019284404
0.084107034
4.57 - 0.155076453 7.27 10.01 -
8.65
0.156788991 5.97 - 0.088801223
4.58 - 0.027291539 0.330927625 10.02 -
0.072166157
0.120234455 5.98 7.28 0.147767584
8.66
4.59 - 10.03 -
0.073470948 0.037502548 0.344811417 0.178267074
0.061530071
4.6 - 5.99 7.29 10.04 -
8.67
0.023491335 0.169449541
4.61 0.02830581 0.349938838 10.05 -
0.047570846
6 - 7.3 0.120091743
8.68
0.024221203 0.042611621 10.06 -
4.62 6.01 - 0.355993884 0.038622834
0.026179409
0.14362895 7.31 10.07
8.69 -
0.066840979
0.003988787
4.63 0.368797146 0.058850153
8.7 -
7.32 10.08
0.040442406
0.103618756
8.71 -
4.64 0.388277268 0.152028542
0.076912334
7.33 10.09
8.72 -
0.134159021
0.104770642
4.65 0.409449541 0.220846075
8.73 -
7.34
0.11606524
0.156687054
0.425637105
7.35
0.431630989
7.36
0.425107034
7.37
0.406034659
2005
Gambar 9. Plot Time History Percepatan Gempa Kocaeli 17 Agustus 1999
Gambar 10. Plot nilai-nilai puncak spektrum respons percepatan gempa Kocaeli
1999 untuk perioda fundamental struktur Tn = 0 - 4 detik, dan redaman 5%.
2005
5. Gempa Taiwan 21 September 1999

Rekaman Getaran Tanah Gempa Taiwan
PGA = 0.808g (g = 9.81 m/s^2)
V MAKS = 720.21 m/s
PERIODE GETARAN KUAT = 40 Detik
LOKASI ACCELEROMETER =
JARAK EPISENTRAL = km
LOKASI EPISENTRAL =
MAGNITUDE =
Tabel 5. Strong Motion Record Gempa Taiwan 1999 (t. diambil selama 18.04 detik)
0.00 0.0001 3.61 0.0041 7.22 -0.0959 10.83 0.0376 14.44 0.5865
0.01 0.0007 3.62 0.0104 7.23 -0.0935 10.84 0.0442 14.45 0.5993
0.02 0.0007 3.63 0.0174 7.24 -0.0900 10.85 0.0438 14.46 0.6212
0.03 0.0007 3.64 0.0252 7.25 -0.0865 10.86 0.0391 14.47 0.6229
0.04 0.0007 3.65 0.0329 7.26 -0.0822 10.87 0.0319 14.48 0.5905
0.05 0.0005 3.66 0.0399 7.27 -0.0768 10.88 0.0250 14.49 0.5368
0.06 0.0001 3.67 0.0449 7.28 -0.0703 10.89 0.0150 14.50 0.4844
0.07 -0.0005 3.68 0.0474 7.29 -0.0613 10.90 0.0050 14.51 0.4559
0.08 -0.0007 3.69 0.0469 7.30 -0.0498 10.91 -0.0010 14.52 0.4258
0.09 0.0000 3.70 0.0428 7.31 -0.0383 10.92 -0.0129 14.53 0.4250
0.10 0.0013 3.71 0.0356 7.32 -0.0280 10.93 -0.0308 14.54 0.3779
0.11 0.0024 3.72 0.0270 7.33 -0.0170 10.94 -0.0403 14.55 0.3238
0.12 0.0028 3.73 0.0177 7.34 -0.0058 10.95 -0.0613 14.56 0.2692
0.13 0.0029 3.74 0.0079 7.35 0.0030 10.96 -0.0809 14.57 0.2060
0.14 0.0034 3.75 -0.0029 7.36 0.0087 10.97 -0.0887 14.58 0.1794
0.15 0.0043 3.76 -0.0147 7.37 0.0129 10.98 -0.0959 14.59 0.1488
0.16 0.0053 3.77 -0.0265 7.38 0.0178 10.99 -0.0969 14.60 0.0994
0.17 0.0061 3.78 -0.0366 7.39 0.0230 11.00 -0.0991 14.61 0.0543
0.18 0.0064 3.79 -0.0447 7.40 0.0265 11.01 -0.0989 14.62 0.0426
0.19 0.0054 3.80 -0.0515 7.41 0.0281 11.02 -0.0915 14.63 -0.0298
0.20 0.0034 3.81 -0.0572 7.42 0.0297 11.03 -0.0760 14.64 -0.0685
0.21 0.0014 3.82 -0.0620 7.43 0.0324 11.04 -0.0553 14.65 -0.0960
0.22 -0.0003 3.83 -0.0665 7.44 0.0340 11.05 -0.0341 14.66 -0.1279
0.23 -0.0020 3.84 -0.0699 7.45 0.0310 11.06 -0.0207 14.67 -0.0934
0.24 -0.0041 3.85 -0.0718 7.46 0.0295 11.07 -0.0144 14.68 -0.0932
0.25 -0.0057 3.86 -0.0715 7.47 0.0334 11.08 -0.0021 14.69 -0.0957
0.26 -0.0066 3.87 -0.0687 7.48 0.0321 11.09 0.0156 14.70 -0.0798
0.27 -0.0069 3.88 -0.0641 7.49 0.0297 11.10 0.0297 14.71 -0.0940
0.28 -0.0063 3.89 -0.0584 7.50 0.0278 11.11 0.0399 14.72 -0.0949
0.29 -0.0054 3.90 -0.0508 7.51 0.0200 11.12 0.0471 14.73 -0.1361
0.30 -0.0047 3.91 -0.0416 7.52 0.0149 11.13 0.0544 14.74 -0.5054
0.31 -0.0040 3.92 -0.0310 7.53 0.0134 11.14 0.0665 14.75 -0.5670
0.32 -0.0028 3.93 -0.0190 7.54 0.0102 11.15 0.0877 14.76 -0.4772
0.33 -0.0012 3.94 -0.0061 7.55 0.0103 11.16 0.1155 14.77 -0.2502
0.34 0.0007 3.95 0.0065 7.56 0.0167 11.17 0.1441 14.78 -0.0697
0.35 0.0027 3.96 0.0196 7.57 0.0228 11.18 0.1663 14.79 -0.0147
0.36 0.0044 3.97 0.0329 7.58 0.0236 11.19 0.1746 14.80 0.0378
0.37 0.0054 3.98 0.0446 7.59 0.0204 11.20 0.1731 14.81 0.0825
0.38 0.0061 3.99 0.0540 7.60 0.0170 11.21 0.1657 14.82 0.1178
0.39 0.0063 4.00 0.0595 7.61 0.0156 11.22 0.1487 14.83 0.1558
0.40 0.0062 4.01 0.0619 7.62 0.0141 11.23 0.1388 14.84 0.1860
0.41 0.0061 4.02 0.0619 7.63 0.0103 11.24 0.1341 14.85 0.2190
0.42 0.0060 4.03 0.0602 7.64 0.0037 11.25 0.1203 14.86 0.2675
0.43 0.0061 4.04 0.0571 7.65 -0.0014 11.26 0.1020 14.87 0.3207
0.44 0.0059 4.05 0.0537 7.66 -0.0036 11.27 0.0806 14.88 0.3797
0.45 0.0053 4.06 0.0511 7.67 -0.0083 11.28 0.0577 14.89 0.4325
0.46 0.0042 4.07 0.0491 7.68 -0.0132 11.29 0.0357 14.90 0.4654
0.47 0.0029 4.08 0.0468 7.69 -0.0123 11.30 0.0113 14.91 0.4770
0.48 0.0015 4.09 0.0435 7.70 -0.0037 11.31 -0.0131 14.92 0.4600
0.49 0.0004 4.10 0.0382 7.71 0.0059 11.32 -0.0314 14.93 0.4330
0.50 -0.0001 4.11 0.0304 7.72 0.0104 11.33 -0.0488 14.94 0.4078
0.51 0.0001 4.12 0.0206 7.73 0.0085 11.34 -0.0638 14.95 0.3844
0.52 0.0006 4.13 0.0106 7.74 0.0038 11.35 -0.0745 14.96 0.3684
0.53 0.0016 4.14 0.0009 7.75 -0.0011 11.36 -0.0877 14.97 0.3462
0.54 0.0025 4.15 -0.0075 7.76 -0.0077 11.37 -0.1004 14.98 0.3225
0.55 0.0034 4.16 -0.0145 7.77 -0.0139 11.38 -0.1665 14.99 0.3209
0.56 0.0043 4.17 -0.0208 7.78 -0.0191 11.39 -0.1465 15.00 0.3361
0.57 0.0048 4.18 -0.0255 7.79 -0.0237 11.40 -0.0984 15.01 0.3450
0.58 0.0049 4.19 -0.0293 7.80 -0.0262 11.41 -0.0950 15.02 0.3523
0.59 0.0042 4.20 -0.0321 7.81 -0.0244 11.42 -0.0954 15.03 0.3610
0.60 0.0028 4.21 -0.0340 7.82 -0.0165 11.43 -0.0968 15.04 0.3732
0.61 0.0014 4.22 -0.0352 7.83 -0.0048 11.44 -0.0982 15.05 0.3750
0.62 0.0002 4.23 -0.0352 7.84 0.0062 11.45 -0.0960 15.06 0.3717
2005
0.63 -0.0008 4.24 -0.0336 7.85 0.0124 11.46 -0.0865 15.07 0.3610
0.64 -0.0018 4.25 -0.0299 7.86 0.0156 11.47 -0.0709 15.08 0.3567
0.65 -0.0026 4.26 -0.0244 7.87 0.0219 11.48 -0.0447 15.09 0.3507
0.66 -0.0029 4.27 -0.0168 7.88 0.0269 11.49 -0.0108 15.10 0.3149
0.67 -0.0023 4.28 -0.0076 7.89 0.0214 11.50 0.0119 15.11 0.2827
0.68 -0.0015 4.29 0.0009 7.90 0.0064 11.51 0.0326 15.12 0.2523
0.69 -0.0015 4.30 0.0096 7.91 -0.0102 11.52 0.0602 15.13 0.2316
0.70 -0.0024 4.31 0.0194 7.92 -0.0202 11.53 0.0812 15.14 0.2352
0.71 -0.0033 4.32 0.0290 7.93 -0.0234 11.54 0.1006 15.15 0.2026
0.72 -0.0038 4.33 0.0379 7.94 -0.0222 11.55 0.1175 15.16 0.1795
0.73 -0.0038 4.34 0.0459 7.95 -0.0124 11.56 0.1269 15.17 0.1799
0.74 -0.0038 4.35 0.0520 7.96 0.0014 11.57 0.1335 15.18 0.1694
0.75 -0.0035 4.36 0.0562 7.97 0.0086 11.58 0.1361 15.19 0.1553
0.76 -0.0025 4.37 0.0594 7.98 0.0118 11.59 0.1388 15.20 0.1315
0.77 -0.0014 4.38 0.0613 7.99 0.0179 11.60 0.1435 15.21 0.1197
0.78 0.0001 4.39 0.0617 8.00 0.0241 11.61 0.1429 15.22 0.1221
0.79 0.0017 4.40 0.0612 8.01 0.0277 11.62 0.1393 15.23 0.1269
0.80 0.0026 4.41 0.0599 8.02 0.0227 11.63 0.1357 15.24 0.1388
0.81 0.0020 4.42 0.0572 8.03 0.0082 11.64 0.1343 15.25 0.1246
0.82 0.0006 4.43 0.0529 8.04 -0.0027 11.65 0.1359 15.26 0.0893
0.83 -0.0010 4.44 0.0462 8.05 -0.0083 11.66 0.1358 15.27 0.0512
0.84 -0.0026 4.45 0.0381 8.06 -0.0196 11.67 0.1292 15.28 0.0108
0.85 -0.0043 4.46 0.0284 8.07 -0.0375 11.68 0.1253 15.29 -0.0146
0.86 -0.0060 4.47 0.0155 8.08 -0.0537 11.69 0.1233 15.30 -0.0242
0.87 -0.0072 4.48 0.0019 8.09 -0.0640 11.70 0.1145 15.31 -0.0316
0.88 -0.0075 4.49 -0.0107 8.10 -0.0706 11.71 0.1073 15.32 -0.0538
0.89 -0.0069 4.50 -0.0241 8.11 -0.0712 11.72 0.0956 15.33 -0.0834
0.90 -0.0058 4.51 -0.0386 8.12 -0.0607 11.73 0.0807 15.34 -0.2642
0.91 -0.0048 4.52 -0.0503 8.13 -0.0441 11.74 0.0707 15.35 -0.2967
0.92 -0.0039 4.53 -0.0591 8.14 -0.0318 11.75 0.0659 15.36 -0.2067
0.93 -0.0035 4.54 -0.0656 8.15 -0.0262 11.76 0.0686 15.37 -0.0934
0.94 -0.0035 4.55 -0.0683 8.16 -0.0230 11.77 0.0774 15.38 -0.0752
0.95 -0.0033 4.56 -0.0672 8.17 -0.0181 11.78 0.0882 15.39 -0.0607
0.96 -0.0033 4.57 -0.0647 8.18 -0.0141 11.79 0.0939 15.40 -0.0503
0.97 -0.0032 4.58 -0.0611 8.19 -0.0159 11.80 0.0932 15.41 -0.0471
0.98 -0.0029 4.59 -0.0558 8.20 -0.0205 11.81 0.0852 15.42 -0.0378
0.99 -0.0024 4.60 -0.0498 8.21 -0.0201 11.82 0.0699 15.43 -0.0288
1.00 -0.0013 4.61 -0.0427 8.22 -0.0172 11.83 0.0555 15.44 -0.0284
1.01 0.0006 4.62 -0.0336 8.23 -0.0189 11.84 0.0400 15.45 -0.0172
1.02 0.0031 4.63 -0.0235 8.24 -0.0210 11.85 0.0145 15.46 -0.0349
1.03 0.0059 4.64 -0.0149 8.25 -0.0182 11.86 -0.0182 15.47 -0.0171
1.04 0.0087 4.65 -0.0074 8.26 -0.0135 11.87 -0.0526 15.48 0.0307
1.05 0.0107 4.66 -0.0007 8.27 -0.0122 11.88 -0.0899 15.49 -0.0112
1.06 0.0118 4.67 0.0020 8.28 -0.0120 11.89 -0.1991 15.50 -0.0099
1.07 0.0120 4.68 0.0021 8.29 -0.0077 11.90 -0.2849 15.51 0.0244
1.08 0.0112 4.69 0.0015 8.30 0.0031 11.91 -0.1907 15.52 0.0056
1.09 0.0095 4.70 -0.0014 8.31 0.0150 11.92 -0.0982 15.53 0.0371
1.10 0.0073 4.71 -0.0061 8.32 0.0208 11.93 -0.0725 15.54 0.0208
1.11 0.0055 4.72 -0.0110 8.33 0.0240 11.94 -0.0361 15.55 0.0268
1.12 0.0043 4.73 -0.0157 8.34 0.0350 11.95 0.0141 15.56 0.0490
1.13 0.0038 4.74 -0.0201 8.35 0.0518 11.96 0.0807 15.57 0.0463
1.14 0.0035 4.75 -0.0235 8.36 0.0641 11.97 0.1563 15.58 0.0667
1.15 0.0031 4.76 -0.0248 8.37 0.0704 11.98 0.2232 15.59 0.0611
1.16 0.0026 4.77 -0.0241 8.38 0.0771 11.99 0.2769 15.60 0.0756
1.17 0.0016 4.78 -0.0216 8.39 0.0866 12.00 0.3243 15.61 0.0915
1.18 0.0001 4.79 -0.0169 8.40 0.0909 12.01 0.3580 15.62 0.0975
1.19 -0.0013 4.80 -0.0097 8.41 0.0850 12.02 0.3801 15.63 0.1185
1.20 -0.0023 4.81 0.0002 8.42 0.0762 12.03 0.3964 15.64 0.1256
1.21 -0.0030 4.82 0.0119 8.43 0.0726 12.04 0.4087 15.65 0.1375
1.22 -0.0031 4.83 0.0233 8.44 0.0751 12.05 0.4131 15.66 0.1567
1.23 -0.0027 4.84 0.0336 8.45 0.0799 12.06 0.4084 15.67 0.1710
1.24 -0.0019 4.85 0.0420 8.46 0.0854 12.07 0.4114 15.68 0.1849
1.25 -0.0007 4.86 0.0478 8.47 0.0925 12.08 0.4172 15.69 0.1935
1.26 0.0006 4.87 0.0500 8.48 0.1038 12.09 0.3942 15.70 0.1992
1.27 0.0020 4.88 0.0503 8.49 0.1124 12.10 0.3691 15.71 0.2046
1.28 0.0029 4.89 0.0513 8.50 0.1157 12.11 0.3754 15.72 0.2053
1.29 0.0031 4.90 0.0516 8.51 0.1179 12.12 0.3680 15.73 0.2006
1.30 0.0031 4.91 0.0534 8.52 0.1107 12.13 0.3589 15.74 0.1833
1.31 0.0026 4.92 0.0582 8.53 0.0929 12.14 0.3489 15.75 0.1640
1.32 0.0019 4.93 0.0624 8.54 0.0752 12.15 0.3205 15.76 0.1490
1.33 0.0015 4.94 0.0674 8.55 0.0585 12.16 0.2942 15.77 0.1360
1.34 0.0014 4.95 0.0741 8.56 0.0409 12.17 0.2726 15.78 0.1264
1.35 0.0019 4.96 0.0801 8.57 0.0266 12.18 0.2587 15.79 0.1267
1.36 0.0028 4.97 0.0855 8.58 0.0152 12.19 0.2486 15.80 0.1270
1.37 0.0037 4.98 0.0919 8.59 -0.0001 12.20 0.2342 15.81 0.1217
1.38 0.0046 4.99 0.0976 8.60 -0.0198 12.21 0.2139 15.82 0.1239
1.39 0.0049 5.00 0.1027 8.61 -0.0378 12.22 0.1855 15.83 0.1200
1.40 0.0042 5.01 0.1074 8.62 -0.0515 12.23 0.1524 15.84 0.1215
1.41 0.0030 5.02 0.1105 8.63 -0.0603 12.24 0.1210 15.85 0.1169
1.42 0.0012 5.03 0.1133 8.64 -0.0635 12.25 0.0918 15.86 0.1084
1.43 -0.0007 5.04 0.1147 8.65 -0.0650 12.26 0.0643 15.87 0.1098
1.44 -0.0022 5.05 0.1152 8.66 -0.0685 12.27 0.0397 15.88 0.0998
1.45 -0.0033 5.06 0.1133 8.67 -0.0739 12.28 0.0208 15.89 0.0988
2005
1.46 -0.0042 5.07 0.1060 8.68 -0.0813 12.29 0.0037 15.90 0.0934
1.47 -0.0049 5.08 0.0955 8.69 -0.0894 12.30 -0.0101 15.91 0.0879
1.48 -0.0052 5.09 0.0835 8.70 -0.0960 12.31 -0.0258 15.92 0.0836
1.49 -0.0053 5.10 0.0705 8.71 -0.0980 12.32 -0.0517 15.93 0.0735
1.50 -0.0057 5.11 0.0567 8.72 -0.0915 12.33 -0.0864 15.94 0.0654
1.51 -0.0065 5.12 0.0420 8.73 -0.0855 12.34 -0.2244 15.95 0.0512
1.52 -0.0071 5.13 0.0263 8.74 -0.0817 12.35 -0.3540 15.96 0.0355
1.53 -0.0073 5.14 0.0098 8.75 -0.0705 12.36 -0.3611 15.97 0.0207
1.54 -0.0072 5.15 -0.0078 8.76 -0.0574 12.37 -0.0853 15.98 0.0042
1.55 -0.0067 5.16 -0.0262 8.77 -0.0499 12.38 -0.0510 15.99 -0.0109
1.56 -0.0060 5.17 -0.0434 8.78 -0.0452 12.39 -0.0095 16.00 -0.0277
1.57 -0.0058 5.18 -0.0587 8.79 -0.0422 12.40 0.0289 16.01 -0.0418
1.58 -0.0061 5.19 -0.0721 8.80 -0.0396 12.41 0.0566 16.02 -0.0558
1.59 -0.0068 5.20 -0.0840 8.81 -0.0358 12.42 0.0690 16.03 -0.0646
1.60 -0.0078 5.21 -0.0942 8.82 -0.0311 12.43 0.0717 16.04 -0.0682
1.61 -0.0090 5.22 -0.1139 8.83 -0.0250 12.44 0.0736 16.05 -0.0749
1.62 -0.0098 5.23 -0.1165 8.84 -0.0177 12.45 0.0814 16.06 -0.0761
1.63 -0.0097 5.24 -0.1044 8.85 -0.0094 12.46 0.0992 16.07 -0.0734
1.64 -0.0090 5.25 -0.1070 8.86 0.0000 12.47 0.1193 16.08 -0.0720
1.65 -0.0082 5.26 -0.1011 8.87 0.0107 12.48 0.1387 16.09 -0.0706
1.66 -0.0073 5.27 -0.0964 8.88 0.0206 12.49 0.1565 16.10 -0.0689
1.67 -0.0058 5.28 -0.0910 8.89 0.0280 12.50 0.1749 16.11 -0.0674
1.68 -0.0039 5.29 -0.0853 8.90 0.0336 12.51 0.1942 16.12 -0.0683
1.69 -0.0020 5.30 -0.0796 8.91 0.0382 12.52 0.2146 16.13 -0.0697
1.70 -0.0006 5.31 -0.0728 8.92 0.0403 12.53 0.2341 16.14 -0.0726
1.71 0.0002 5.32 -0.0649 8.93 0.0369 12.54 0.2468 16.15 -0.0741
1.72 0.0012 5.33 -0.0567 8.94 0.0286 12.55 0.2475 16.16 -0.0736
1.73 0.0027 5.34 -0.0486 8.95 0.0189 12.56 0.2358 16.17 -0.0724
1.74 0.0048 5.35 -0.0403 8.96 0.0140 12.57 0.2275 16.18 -0.0688
1.75 0.0074 5.36 -0.0312 8.97 0.0155 12.58 0.2165 16.19 -0.0621
1.76 0.0099 5.37 -0.0210 8.98 0.0188 12.59 0.1970 16.20 -0.0572
1.77 0.0119 5.38 -0.0100 8.99 0.0293 12.60 0.2117 16.21 -0.0515
1.78 0.0132 5.39 0.0017 9.00 0.0401 12.61 0.2375 16.22 -0.0469
1.79 0.0139 5.40 0.0155 9.01 0.0447 12.62 0.2355 16.23 -0.0499
1.80 0.0140 5.41 0.0327 9.02 0.0558 12.63 0.2216 16.24 -0.0524
1.81 0.0137 5.42 0.0531 9.03 0.0607 12.64 0.1860 16.25 -0.0532
1.82 0.0131 5.43 0.0755 9.04 0.0555 12.65 0.1472 16.26 -0.0578
1.83 0.0116 5.44 0.0962 9.05 0.0560 12.66 0.1313 16.27 -0.0615
1.84 0.0098 5.45 0.1109 9.06 0.0592 12.67 0.1327 16.28 -0.0645
1.85 0.0086 5.46 0.1220 9.07 0.0600 12.68 0.1375 16.29 -0.0679
1.86 0.0083 5.47 0.1323 9.08 0.0627 12.69 0.1358 16.30 -0.0708
1.87 0.0084 5.48 0.1398 9.09 0.0645 12.70 0.1244 16.31 -0.0744
1.88 0.0081 5.49 0.1431 9.10 0.0582 12.71 0.1131 16.32 -0.0768
1.89 0.0072 5.50 0.1436 9.11 0.0482 12.72 0.1132 16.33 -0.0771
1.90 0.0055 5.51 0.1419 9.12 0.0423 12.73 0.1184 16.34 -0.0765
1.91 0.0035 5.52 0.1355 9.13 0.0379 12.74 0.1218 16.35 -0.0756
1.92 0.0022 5.53 0.1257 9.14 0.0325 12.75 0.1264 16.36 -0.0740
1.93 0.0018 5.54 0.1172 9.15 0.0287 12.76 0.1333 16.37 -0.0730
1.94 0.0020 5.55 0.1097 9.16 0.0261 12.77 0.1393 16.38 -0.0746
1.95 0.0020 5.56 0.1038 9.17 0.0231 12.78 0.1459 16.39 -0.0774
1.96 0.0015 5.57 0.1023 9.18 0.0201 12.79 0.1553 16.40 -0.0800
1.97 0.0009 5.58 0.1026 9.19 0.0164 12.80 0.1608 16.41 -0.0793
1.98 0.0009 5.59 0.1050 9.20 0.0097 12.81 0.1588 16.42 -0.0729
1.99 0.0014 5.60 0.1096 9.21 0.0017 12.82 0.1509 16.43 -0.0625
2.00 0.0023 5.61 0.1146 9.22 -0.0072 12.83 0.1336 16.44 -0.0504
2.01 0.0030 5.62 0.1194 9.23 -0.0186 12.84 0.1191 16.45 -0.0381
2.02 0.0035 5.63 0.1240 9.24 -0.0340 12.85 0.1065 16.46 -0.0273
2.03 0.0048 5.64 0.1295 9.25 -0.0509 12.86 0.0985 16.47 -0.0188
2.04 0.0065 5.65 0.1357 9.26 -0.0660 12.87 0.0973 16.48 -0.0121
2.05 0.0073 5.66 0.1417 9.27 -0.0758 12.88 0.0904 16.49 -0.0066
2.06 0.0066 5.67 0.1470 9.28 -0.0793 12.89 0.0804 16.50 -0.0026
2.07 0.0049 5.68 0.1497 9.29 -0.0790 12.90 0.0642 16.51 0.0036
2.08 0.0029 5.69 0.1487 9.30 -0.0779 12.91 0.0449 16.52 0.0078
2.09 0.0003 5.70 0.1429 9.31 -0.0786 12.92 0.0233 16.53 0.0064
2.10 -0.0027 5.71 0.1321 9.32 -0.0809 12.93 -0.0042 16.54 0.0044
2.11 -0.0053 5.72 0.1178 9.33 -0.0816 12.94 -0.0303 16.55 0.0022
2.12 -0.0073 5.73 0.1029 9.34 -0.0806 12.95 -0.0510 16.56 -0.0003
2.13 -0.0086 5.74 0.0899 9.35 -0.0811 12.96 -0.0671 16.57 -0.0018
2.14 -0.0094 5.75 0.0790 9.36 -0.0834 12.97 -0.0808 16.58 0.0007
2.15 -0.0105 5.76 0.0706 9.37 -0.0837 12.98 -0.0980 16.59 0.0023
2.16 -0.0119 5.77 0.0640 9.38 -0.0791 12.99 -0.1573 16.60 0.0067
2.17 -0.0134 5.78 0.0578 9.39 -0.0727 13.00 -0.2194 16.61 0.0141
2.18 -0.0150 5.79 0.0511 9.40 -0.0688 13.01 -0.1528 16.62 0.0178
2.19 -0.0166 5.80 0.0435 9.41 -0.0675 13.02 -0.2252 16.63 0.0236
2.20 -0.0181 5.81 0.0349 9.42 -0.0695 13.03 -0.2293 16.64 0.0301
2.21 -0.0188 5.82 0.0258 9.43 -0.0759 13.04 -0.1160 16.65 0.0348
2.22 -0.0178 5.83 0.0160 9.44 -0.0849 13.05 -0.1368 16.66 0.0364
2.23 -0.0159 5.84 0.0058 9.45 -0.0950 13.06 -0.1017 16.67 0.0386
2.24 -0.0143 5.85 -0.0047 9.46 -0.1260 13.07 -0.0859 16.68 0.0399
2.25 -0.0138 5.86 -0.0150 9.47 -0.0990 13.08 -0.0647 16.69 0.0414
2.26 -0.0139 5.87 -0.0262 9.48 -0.0844 13.09 -0.0360 16.70 0.0439
2.27 -0.0139 5.88 -0.0386 9.49 -0.0671 13.10 0.0016 16.71 0.0447
2.28 -0.0130 5.89 -0.0488 9.50 -0.0465 13.11 0.0455 16.72 0.0463
2005
2.29 -0.0111 5.90 -0.0552 9.51 -0.0263 13.12 0.0945 16.73 0.0471
2.30 -0.0085 5.91 -0.0606 9.52 -0.0071 13.13 0.1480 16.74 0.0497
2.31 -0.0054 5.92 -0.0636 9.53 0.0152 13.14 0.2047 16.75 0.0531
2.32 -0.0024 5.93 -0.0628 9.54 0.0428 13.15 0.2603 16.76 0.0559
2.33 0.0005 5.94 -0.0705 9.55 0.0728 13.16 0.3083 16.77 0.0575
2.34 0.0032 5.95 -0.0875 9.56 0.1018 13.17 0.3393 16.78 0.0581
2.35 0.0053 5.96 -0.0999 9.57 0.1283 13.18 0.3414 16.79 0.0599
2.36 0.0072 5.97 -0.1456 9.58 0.1524 13.19 0.3007 16.80 0.0625
2.37 0.0095 5.98 -0.0975 9.59 0.1744 13.20 0.2229 16.81 0.0660
2.38 0.0122 5.99 -0.0918 9.60 0.1935 13.21 0.1585 16.82 0.0700
2.39 0.0142 6.00 -0.0875 9.61 0.2068 13.22 0.1302 16.83 0.0740
2.40 0.0152 6.01 -0.0841 9.62 0.2177 13.23 0.1150 16.84 0.0777
2.41 0.0155 6.02 -0.0811 9.63 0.2320 13.24 0.1038 16.85 0.0817
2.42 0.0151 6.03 -0.0780 9.64 0.2350 13.25 0.0918 16.86 0.0851
2.43 0.0137 6.04 -0.0748 9.65 0.2220 13.26 0.0762 16.87 0.0868
2.44 0.0114 6.05 -0.0716 9.66 0.2143 13.27 0.0583 16.88 0.0859
2.45 0.0090 6.06 -0.0695 9.67 0.2131 13.28 0.0406 16.89 0.0840
2.46 0.0077 6.07 -0.0693 9.68 0.2131 13.29 0.0300 16.90 0.0825
2.47 0.0072 6.08 -0.0696 9.69 0.2140 13.30 0.0317 16.91 0.0818
2.48 0.0068 6.09 -0.0696 9.70 0.2148 13.31 0.0410 16.92 0.0822
2.49 0.0061 6.10 -0.0692 9.71 0.2164 13.32 0.0484 16.93 0.0831
2.50 0.0057 6.11 -0.0693 9.72 0.2184 13.33 0.0510 16.94 0.0833
2.51 0.0057 6.12 -0.0704 9.73 0.2138 13.34 0.0504 16.95 0.0832
2.52 0.0056 6.13 -0.0725 9.74 0.1973 13.35 0.0432 16.96 0.0828
2.53 0.0056 6.14 -0.0750 9.75 0.1657 13.36 0.0292 16.97 0.0807
2.54 0.0057 6.15 -0.0769 9.76 0.1247 13.37 0.0152 16.98 0.0778
2.55 0.0056 6.16 -0.0774 9.77 0.0865 13.38 0.0006 16.99 0.0726
2.56 0.0054 6.17 -0.0768 9.78 0.0540 13.39 -0.0189 17.00 0.0624
2.57 0.0050 6.18 -0.0758 9.79 0.0250 13.40 -0.0378 17.01 0.0550
2.58 0.0045 6.19 -0.0749 9.80 -0.0020 13.41 -0.0479 17.02 0.0440
2.59 0.0036 6.20 -0.0741 9.81 -0.0260 13.42 -0.0449 17.03 0.0285
2.60 0.0024 6.21 -0.0737 9.82 -0.0459 13.43 -0.0314 17.04 0.0173
2.61 0.0012 6.22 -0.0729 9.83 -0.0614 13.44 -0.0060 17.05 0.0045
2.62 0.0004 6.23 -0.0712 9.84 -0.0734 13.45 0.0326 17.06 -0.0082
2.63 0.0001 6.24 -0.0669 9.85 -0.0864 13.46 0.0627 17.07 -0.0187
2.64 0.0002 6.25 -0.0594 9.86 -0.0936 13.47 0.0866 17.08 -0.0273
2.65 0.0006 6.26 -0.0497 9.87 -0.0702 13.48 0.1089 17.09 -0.0330
2.66 0.0016 6.27 -0.0377 9.88 -0.0550 13.49 0.1320 17.10 -0.0370
2.67 0.0031 6.28 -0.0238 9.89 -0.0482 13.50 0.1537 17.11 -0.0380
2.68 0.0049 6.29 -0.0090 9.90 -0.0405 13.51 0.1587 17.12 -0.0381
2.69 0.0065 6.30 0.0067 9.91 -0.0282 13.52 0.1484 17.13 -0.0388
2.70 0.0080 6.31 0.0233 9.92 -0.0095 13.53 0.1135 17.14 -0.0415
2.71 0.0089 6.32 0.0413 9.93 0.0298 13.54 0.0642 17.15 -0.0462
2.72 0.0089 6.33 0.0606 9.94 0.1087 13.55 0.0170 17.16 -0.0503
2.73 0.0081 6.34 0.0802 9.95 0.1922 13.56 -0.0259 17.17 -0.0561
2.74 0.0067 6.35 0.0981 9.96 0.2267 13.57 -0.0594 17.18 -0.0641
2.75 0.0053 6.36 0.1126 9.97 0.2202 13.58 -0.0745 17.19 -0.0721
2.76 0.0043 6.37 0.1238 9.98 0.1662 13.59 -0.0777 17.20 -0.0777
2.77 0.0036 6.38 0.1324 9.99 0.0596 13.60 -0.0738 17.21 -0.0805
2.78 0.0027 6.39 0.1382 10.00 -0.0312 13.61 -0.0577 17.22 -0.0823
2.79 0.0011 6.40 0.1404 10.01 -0.0929 13.62 -0.0287 17.23 -0.0810
2.80 -0.0017 6.41 0.1381 10.02 -0.1822 13.63 0.0105 17.24 -0.0768
2.81 -0.0055 6.42 0.1334 10.03 -0.1987 13.64 0.0566 17.25 -0.0707
2.82 -0.0098 6.43 0.1273 10.04 -0.0964 13.65 0.1051 17.26 -0.0627
2.83 -0.0137 6.44 0.1200 10.05 -0.0680 13.66 0.1492 17.27 -0.0538
2.84 -0.0166 6.45 0.1136 10.06 -0.0407 13.67 0.1851 17.28 -0.0452
2.85 -0.0186 6.46 0.1065 10.07 -0.0168 13.68 0.2168 17.29 -0.0380
2.86 -0.0195 6.47 0.0980 10.08 0.0081 13.69 0.2438 17.30 -0.0351
2.87 -0.0198 6.48 0.0902 10.09 0.0415 13.70 0.2677 17.31 -0.0346
2.88 -0.0196 6.49 0.0831 10.10 0.0788 13.71 0.2867 17.32 -0.0337
2.89 -0.0187 6.50 0.0760 10.11 0.1001 13.72 0.2995 17.33 -0.0334
2.90 -0.0173 6.51 0.0678 10.12 0.0842 13.73 0.3079 17.34 -0.0322
2.91 -0.0157 6.52 0.0591 10.13 0.0398 13.74 0.3071 17.35 -0.0291
2.92 -0.0144 6.53 0.0496 10.14 0.0107 13.75 0.2975 17.36 -0.0277
2.93 -0.0131 6.54 0.0381 10.15 0.0101 13.76 0.2933 17.37 -0.0290
2.94 -0.0116 6.55 0.0265 10.16 0.0238 13.77 0.3003 17.38 -0.0326
2.95 -0.0101 6.56 0.0168 10.17 0.0453 13.78 0.3092 17.39 -0.0371
2.96 -0.0089 6.57 0.0080 10.18 0.0672 13.79 0.3102 17.40 -0.0392
2.97 -0.0080 6.58 -0.0008 10.19 0.0879 13.80 0.3018 17.41 -0.0378
2.98 -0.0070 6.59 -0.0085 10.20 0.1140 13.81 0.2957 17.42 -0.0355
2.99 -0.0057 6.60 -0.0150 10.21 0.1469 13.82 0.2948 17.43 -0.0327
3.00 -0.0035 6.61 -0.0198 10.22 0.1817 13.83 0.2939 17.44 -0.0310
3.01 0.0001 6.62 -0.0228 10.23 0.2131 13.84 0.2928 17.45 -0.0314
3.02 0.0047 6.63 -0.0245 10.24 0.2357 13.85 0.2941 17.46 -0.0304
3.03 0.0096 6.64 -0.0244 10.25 0.2477 13.86 0.2994 17.47 -0.0278
3.04 0.0135 6.65 -0.0218 10.26 0.2464 13.87 0.3079 17.48 -0.0274
3.05 0.0159 6.66 -0.0176 10.27 0.2422 13.88 0.3227 17.49 -0.0284
3.06 0.0165 6.67 -0.0122 10.28 0.2518 13.89 0.3440 17.50 -0.0318
3.07 0.0158 6.68 -0.0051 10.29 0.2595 13.90 0.3503 17.51 -0.0380
3.08 0.0149 6.69 0.0034 10.30 0.2506 13.91 0.3586 17.52 -0.0453
3.09 0.0144 6.70 0.0139 10.31 0.2362 13.92 0.3619 17.53 -0.0527
3.10 0.0146 6.71 0.0254 10.32 0.2079 13.93 0.3693 17.54 -0.0602
3.11 0.0152 6.72 0.0352 10.33 0.1315 13.94 0.3837 17.55 -0.0672
2005
3.12 0.0154 6.73 0.0426 10.34 0.0180 13.95 0.3086 17.56 -0.0745
3.13 0.0144 6.74 0.0476 10.35 -0.0729 13.96 0.2166 17.57 -0.0819
3.14 0.0123 6.75 0.0499 10.36 -0.2383 13.97 0.1721 17.58 -0.0879
3.15 0.0089 6.76 0.0498 10.37 -0.1302 13.98 0.1399 17.59 -0.0926
3.16 0.0047 6.77 0.0487 10.38 -0.0457 13.99 0.1039 17.60 -0.0967
3.17 0.0013 6.78 0.0466 10.39 0.0071 14.00 0.0680 17.61 -0.0993
3.18 -0.0007 6.79 0.0438 10.40 0.0830 14.01 0.0296 17.62 -0.1001
3.19 -0.0016 6.80 0.0424 10.41 0.1376 14.02 0.0014 17.63 -0.0985
3.20 -0.0021 6.81 0.0430 10.42 0.1698 14.03 -0.0279 17.64 -0.0923
3.21 -0.0022 6.82 0.0464 10.43 0.1958 14.04 -0.0626 17.65 -0.0809
3.22 -0.0027 6.83 0.0524 10.44 0.2191 14.05 -0.0884 17.66 -0.0675
3.23 -0.0044 6.84 0.0542 10.45 0.2334 14.06 -0.1092 17.67 -0.0524
3.24 -0.0069 6.85 0.0515 10.46 0.2344 14.07 -0.0990 17.68 -0.0375
3.25 -0.0093 6.86 0.0504 10.47 0.2246 14.08 -0.0940 17.69 -0.0239
3.26 -0.0104 6.87 0.0487 10.48 0.2119 14.09 -0.0676 17.70 -0.0117
3.27 -0.0103 6.88 0.0446 10.49 0.1977 14.10 -0.0405 17.71 -0.0018
3.28 -0.0088 6.89 0.0382 10.50 0.1788 14.11 -0.0095 17.72 0.0062
3.29 -0.0061 6.90 0.0311 10.51 0.1514 14.12 0.0048 17.73 0.0146
3.30 -0.0030 6.91 0.0251 10.52 0.1159 14.13 -0.0003 17.74 0.0198
3.31 -0.0006 6.92 0.0209 10.53 0.0802 14.14 -0.0098 17.75 0.0233
3.32 0.0007 6.93 0.0178 10.54 0.0520 14.15 -0.0313 17.76 0.0273
3.33 0.0011 6.94 0.0152 10.55 0.0318 14.16 -0.0556 17.77 0.0304
3.34 0.0010 6.95 0.0125 10.56 0.0195 14.17 -0.0797 17.78 0.0365
3.35 0.0010 6.96 0.0128 10.57 0.0146 14.18 -0.0971 17.79 0.0423
3.36 0.0015 6.97 0.0141 10.58 0.0148 14.19 -0.2072 17.80 0.0483
3.37 0.0029 6.98 0.0118 10.59 0.0165 14.20 -0.5031 17.81 0.0549
3.38 0.0054 6.99 0.0094 10.60 0.0146 14.21 -0.4549 17.82 0.0586
3.39 0.0087 7.00 0.0049 10.61 0.0060 14.22 -0.5671 17.83 0.0630
3.40 0.0118 7.01 -0.0032 10.62 0.0009 14.23 -0.4633 17.84 0.0673
3.41 0.0138 7.02 -0.0085 10.63 -0.0074 14.24 -0.0353 17.85 0.0709
3.42 0.0146 7.03 -0.0129 10.64 -0.0243 14.25 0.0355 17.86 0.0738
3.43 0.0143 7.04 -0.0197 10.65 -0.0386 14.26 0.1067 17.87 0.0740
3.44 0.0137 7.05 -0.0256 10.66 -0.0578 14.27 0.1992 17.88 0.0714
3.45 0.0128 7.06 -0.0295 10.67 -0.0786 14.28 0.3518 17.89 0.0680
3.46 0.0118 7.07 -0.0337 10.68 -0.0790 14.29 0.5690 17.90 0.0647
3.47 0.0101 7.08 -0.0393 10.69 -0.0620 14.30 0.7505 17.91 0.0609
3.48 0.0071 7.09 -0.0442 10.70 -0.0722 14.31 0.8082 17.92 0.0576
3.49 0.0030 7.10 -0.0491 10.71 -0.0853 14.32 0.7962 17.93 0.0585
3.50 -0.0015 7.11 -0.0557 10.72 -0.0760 14.33 0.7820 17.94 0.0624
3.51 -0.0062 7.12 -0.0629 10.73 -0.0814 14.34 0.7728 17.95 0.0661
3.52 -0.0106 7.13 -0.0696 10.74 -0.0974 14.35 0.7570 17.96 0.0696
3.53 -0.0141 7.14 -0.0766 10.75 -0.0998 14.36 0.7404 17.97 0.0718
3.54 -0.0167 7.15 -0.0839 10.76 -0.0956 14.37 0.7260 17.98 0.0721
3.55 -0.0180 7.16 -0.0906 10.77 -0.0933 14.38 0.7059 17.99 0.0735
3.56 -0.0175 7.17 -0.0967 10.78 -0.0876 14.39 0.6764 18.00 0.0737
3.57 -0.0156 7.18 -0.1003 10.79 -0.0753 14.40 0.6537 18.01 0.0709
3.58 -0.0123 7.19 -0.1010 10.80 -0.0485 14.41 0.6336 18.02 0.0677
3.59 -0.0077 7.20 -0.1002 10.81 -0.0133 14.42 0.6000 18.03 0.0657
3.60 -0.0020 7.21 -0.0981 10.82 0.0182 14.43 0.5815 18.04 0.0631
2005
Gambar 11. Plot Time History Percepatan Gempa Taiwan 21 September 1999
Gambar 12. Plot nilai-nilai puncak spektrum respons percepatan gempa Taiwan
1999 untuk perioda fundamental struktur Tn = 0 - 4 detik, dan redaman 5%.
2005

Analisis Riwayat Waktu Dan Respons Spekt

Enviado por

Dados do documento

Título original

Direitos autorais

Formatos disponíveis

Compartilhar este documento

Compartilhar ou incorporar documento

Opções de compartilhamento

Você considera este documento útil?

Este conteúdo é inapropriado?

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

Analisis Riwayat Waktu Dan Respons Spekt

Enviado por

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

Earthquake Engineering

Gambar 2. Time history percepatan suatu gempa bumi

Gambar 3. Hubungan gaya redaman-kecepatan dan kekakuan-deformasi. Terdapat dua

Plot spektra akselerasi yang diperoleh untuk peroda getar Tn

1. Gempa Elcentro 1940, komponen NS

Tabel 1. Strong Motion Record Gempa Elcentro 1940, komponen NS

Gambar 3. Plot Time History Percepatan Gempa El-Centro 1940

Gambar 4. Plot nilai-nilai puncak spektrum respons percepatan El-Centro 1940

2. Gempa Loma Prieta 18 Oktober 1989

3. Gempa Northridge 18 Januari 1994, komponen

Tabel 3. Strong Motion Record Gempa Northridge 1994 (T = 20 detik)

-19.698 -5.766 6.609 7.895 -2.739 -14.818 -10.614 5.732

Gambar 7. Plot Time History Percepatan Gempa Northridge 18 Januari 1994

Gambar 8. Plot nilai-nilai puncak spektrum respons percepatan Northridge 1994

4. Gempa Kocaeli (Turki) 17 Agustus 1999

0.29 - 0.94 - 2.2

3.3 - 4.66 6.02 - 7.38 8.74 -

4.87 - 6.21 - 8.94 -

3.81 5.2 - 6.53 - 7.92

0.249520897 0.048833843 6.88 - 8.25 - 0.0237737

4.44 - 0.460040775 7.18 8.56 - 9.91

Gambar 9. Plot Time History Percepatan Gempa Kocaeli 17 Agustus 1999

5. Gempa Taiwan 21 September 1999

Você também pode gostar