Bangladesh University of Professionals

Term Paper on

A study on

An Analysis on The role of Bangladesh Army in United Nations Peacekeeping

Operations
Course Name: International Governance

Course Code: PA-3630

Submitted to

Fairooz Binte Hafiz

Lecturer
Department of Public Administration
Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP)

Submitted by

Md. Abubokkor Siddik

ID: 16161020
3rd Year, 6th Semester
Department of Public Administration
Bangladesh University of Professionals

Submitted on: 15 November, 2018

November, 15, 2018
Lecturer,
Fairooz Binte Hafiz
Faculty of Arts and social Science
Department of Public Administration
Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP)
12, Dhaka 1216, Mirpur Cantonment, Bangladesh

Subject: An Analysis on The role of Bangladesh Army in United Nations Peacekeeping

Operations

Dear Sir,
It is a great pleasure for me. I have submitted my Term Paper on the topic of “An Analysis on
The role of Bangladesh Army in United Nations Peacekeeping Operations”. I have
prepared this Term Paper, as an accomplishment of the course requirement. To make this Term
Paper up to the standard, I have tried my level best to fulfill the requirements. I hope that it will
help us in our future practical life. I hope that my report fulfill your expectation.
Sincerely yours,

……………………
Md. Abubokkor Siddik
Id: 16161020
1st Batch,
6th Semester B.S.S (Hons)
Session: 2015-2016
Department of Public Administration
Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP)
Analysis on The role of Bangladesh Army in United Nations Peacekeeping
Operations
Introduction:
The United Nations has been established with great vow to maintain world peace and security.
After that, the horror of World War Two inspired human society to unite against war. This
inspiration originated from the United Nations. Six United Nations Organizations and a number
of Associate Organizations are working for world peace, security and development. The United
Nations peacekeeping force is working to make peace in the war-torn country by ending
hostilities. Bangladesh Army is a proud partner of the United Nations program. The main
motive of this study is to understand the significance role and successes and achievement of
Bangladesh Army in UN peace keeping Operations.

Objectives:
This study aimed towards highlighting the role of Bangladesh in United Nations peace keeping
missions and realize the successes and achievements of Bangladesh Army in United Nations
Peacekeeping Operations.
This Term paper is structured as follows:

 First, to critically analyze the role of Bangladesh Army in UN peace keeping missions

 Second, to identify the contribution of Bangladesh Army in UN peace keeping mission

 Finally, to realize the successes and achievements of Bangladesh in this regard

Rationale for choosing the topic:

The Rationale for choosing the topic is to find out the role, contribution, successes and
achievement of Bangladesh Army in United Nation Peacekeeping Operations. Bangladesh is
the first country in terms of military membership in the United Nations peacekeeping missions,
they have not been able to make their own place at the leading level in any mission. The reason
behind the impact of the United Nations on Bangladeshi policy makers is lack of experience
and lack of experience. Bangladesh's UN peacekeeping mission has set foot in three decades
According to the data of Inter-Services Public Relations Department of Bangladesh, about
150,000 armed forces and police forces participated in 54 missions in about 40 countries.
According to the United Nations ranking, Bangladesh's position is at second place in terms of
military membership. Earlier, Bangladesh kept the top position. Although the peacekeeping
force of Bangladesh has achieved a reputation outside the country and the country, no one can
see the leadership of Bangladesh in any mission. Such conditions have been created due to
weak lobbying in the United Nations.

Literature Review:
A few authors conducted their research activities on “the role of Bangladesh Army in United
Nations Peacekeeping Operations”

According to { Rashed Uz Zaman} “Bangladesh's contribution to peacekeeping missions” In

fact, Bangladesh's participation in the United Nations peace mission for three decades is
encouraging. Bangladesh has occupied the top position for a long time in the peacekeeping
mission, despite the number of army deployments. This has been possible due to the
professionalism and competence of Bangladeshi peacekeepers. In this way, the image of
Bangladesh is increasingly flowing in the outside world. Therefore, to maintain this trend and
to uphold the spirit of the liberation war, the role of establishing world peace in the Bangladesh
Armed Forces needs to be positively evaluated. Officials in charge of peacekeeping missions
including UN Secretary General reminded them repeatedly. In this situation, we believe that
the continuation of the success of UN peacekeeping missions will continue. Because the
Bangladeshi peacekeepers are highlighting the country's capability and bright image with pride
in the world.

According to {Shimul Mahmud} “The armed forces of Bengal are the pioneers of world peace”
The armed forces of Bangladesh have been playing an important role in the last three decades
to protect world peace under the supervision of the United Nations. Members of the three armed
forces are becoming more attractive in professional skills, as well as leadership skills, as well
as leadership skills in the nation's national resistance, hindrance prevention. The rare honor and
dignity of the country is bringing. A large amount of foreign currency is coming as a surplus.
Bangladesh is working as a goodwill ambassador of peacekeepers in Bangladesh, in the
unknown world of the world. After the establishment of peace in Sierra Leone, Bangla was
recognized in 2002 as one of the major public languages. There are villages in Bangladesh in
different countries, roads have been, Friendship centers and various centers including Cultural
Center. Bangladeshi peacekeepers took initiatives of various services in the mission area. They
also established schools and religious institutions in different countries.

According to { Niloy Ranjan Biswas} “Peacekeeping Contributor Profile: Bangladesh” The

two major political parties of Bangladesh, the Bangladesh Awami League (BAL) and
Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), have strongly supported UN peacekeeping despite
disagreements on most other issues. Even leftist political parties, which are usually vocal about
Western countries and the pernicious impact of their policies on states like Bangladesh, do not
criticize Dhaka’s involvement in UN peacekeeping. However, political leaders must be careful
not to antagonize Bangladesh’s majority Muslim population. It would have been very difficult,
for instance, for Bangladesh to participate in the mission in post-invasion Iraq even with the
UN’s authorization. Civil society groups and academics in Bangladesh have not focused much
attention on matters related to UN peacekeeping. Only a few articles have raised critical
questions about the potential influence of such missions on Bangladesh’s politics, especially
with regard to civil-military relations. The domestic power of Bangladesh’s military prevents
any serious opposition to its participation in UN peacekeeping. So far, political actors are
content to let the armed forces participate in peacekeeping in the hope this will neutralize any
potential praetorian desires.

Data & Evidence:

United Nations main work to protect world peace and security. UN plays a neutral role in
resolving and interfering with other countries with one country. But such methods are not fully
effective in dealing with internal conflict and racial riot of many countries. There is a need for
military power in terms of security. The United Nations Peace Keeping Mission has been
formed since this requirement. Bangladesh first participated in the United Nations
peacekeeping missions in the end of the Iraq-Iran war in 1988. The mission was named -
UNIIMOG Peace Keeping Force. So far, Bangladesh has participated in 54 missions, 39 have
ended and 10 are running. Bangladeshi members in the missions are about 21% or more. US
President Bill Clinton, Secretary General Kofi Annan and state representatives of other
countries have praised Bangladesh Army. Besides, Banga's army officers and personal and
special letters were received. Some Bangladeshi members were arrested by the insurgents in
the Eastern mission. Bangladeshi officers risked their lives by flagging the flags with the rebels
and redeemed them. This is a great diplomatic success for them. Bangladesh Liberia Friendship
Center has been established in Liberia by Bangladeshi peacekeepers. Here are various job
training, including medical services. In the Kang's mission, nine soldiers of Bangladesh die in
the bricks of Congo. The people of Cialalion are so happy on Bangladeshi peacekeepers that
they gave Bangla Bangla their second language status.
Discussion and Analysis:
The United Nations has no own forces. Its main strength is the military personnel sent by
member countries. The army is formed with the military, civil and semi-military personnel of
different countries under the supervision of the Security Council. In 1948, the first
peacekeeping force was formed in the center of the Middle East (Israel-Palestine). Since then
UN peacekeeping forces have been sent to where it is needed. The peacekeeping forces are
working to provide relief to the poor people, help the people with natural disasters and
reconstruction of the war-torn countries. According to the data, the United Nations has so far
conducted 65 missions and there are 15 missions in operation. UN peacekeeping force won the
Nobel Peace Prize in 1988.

Peacekeeping mission work: The main role of the United Nations peacekeeping mission is to
combat tensions in the disputed region, to supervise and enforce the ceasefire agreement, to
maintain status quo and conduct elections in democratic way, to negotiate a settlement
agreement between the conflicting groups and to agree to the agreement, to remove land law.
To assist in the reconstruction of infrastructure of war-crashed countries, economic
Humanitarian assistance for refugees, refugees and refugees etc.

Peacekeeping Mission and Bangladesh: Bangladesh has always been active participant in
UN peacekeeping and disarmament activities. Bangladesh first participated in the United
Nations call for peacekeeping missions in the 1988 Iran-Iraq war. The role of the Bangladesh
Army in the war was commendable. After this, for the last 25 years (up to 2013), the various
forces of Bangladesh, such as army, navy, air, police etc. have been doing this great duty with
credit. These Bangladeshi forces have attracted the attention of all with strong morale,
improved discipline, hard work, devotion and sincerity. Bangladesh is currently working in 12
of the 15 missions in the peacekeeping program. Various forces of Bangladesh participated in
54 missions.

Role of the Bangladesh Army: Despite the participation of different forces of Bangladesh in
UN Peacekeeping Operations, the role of the army is the head of the army. The basic principle
of the army of Bangladesh is 'Peace in us, we are in our place, everywhere we go to the country'.
But seeing the contribution of the Bangladesh army in the international mission, it seems that
all the countries of the world should be the own country of the Bengali army. Their job is to
protect the peace and security of all countries. And so Bangladesh is now the highest number
of troops in the peacekeeping force. Below is a description of the activities of the Bangladesh
Army in various activities of the United Nations-

Security confirmation: As a member of the peacekeeping force, the work of the Bangladesh
army to provide protection of VIPs, VVIPs, government goods and transport of public goods
and security of the common people's life. The army of Bangladesh is performing this task
efficiently by facing the challenges of various terrorist forces.

Military Observers: The peacekeeping force observes whether any situation is being created
after the signing of the peace treaty between the conflicting parties, whether it is being
implemented properly, whether there is peace breach anywhere, or a threat to peace. The
Bangladesh Army has performed this duties with very good reputation in countries such as
Liberia, Lebanon, Congo, Sudan, Ivory Coast and are doing it.

Weapons, ammunition and mine rescues: In the war-ravaged countries, the threats of peace
are created by the spreading arms and land mines in the country. Many innocent civilians have
lost their lives in the land. Bangladesh Army is playing an important role in rescue of illegal
arms and rescue of land mines.

To maintain law and order: The mission mainly works to overcome the turmoil and disorder
in the conflict zone. One of the forces of this force is to bring discipline to conflict, chaos in
the region. Help the country's army to work in this work. Members of the Bangladeshi army
have earned widespread respect for the protection of law and order in East Timor, Democratic
Republic of Congo, Sudan, Liberia, Haiti etc.

Establishing and protecting peace: UN forces work to bring peace to warring areas. In this
case, the mission, aimed at establishing peace by defying the interests of all groups, groups,
factional interests. The Bangladeshi army achieved success by applying innovative techniques
in this regard. The army plays a major role in settling long-term land disputes in the
Duncanapsou village of Liberian County.

Assistance in election management: Peacekeeping force playing an important role in

establishing democracy through peaceful elections in different countries. Bangladesh Army
has demonstrated skill in conducting elections.
Humanitarian assistance: Bangladesh Army has earned a reputation for providing economic
support to the war-crashed country, providing humanitarian assistance to refugees and
refugees, providing medical services. Bangladesh Medical units carry plenty of medicines and
other medical products for the people of every country working in the country. The medical
contingent of the Bangladesh Army also arranged for training of local health workers.

Providing vocational training to local youth community: Bengali soldiers working in the
mission provide vocational training to local youth groups of different countries. Alongside
peacekeeping, these activities work to establish permanent peace. In this context, the training
team of the Bangladesh Army educated the local youth community about masonry, brick
making, tailoring, amsterdam, woodwork, electric work, computer, advanced agricultural
farming system etc.

Infrastructure Development: Bangladesh Army plays a role in the development and

improvement of basic infrastructure of different countries.

Recognition of the contribution of the Bangladesh Army: The United Nations recognizes
the contribution of the Bangladesh Army to UN peacekeeping missions. Many members of the
Bangladesh Army have been honored with various awards as recognition for important
contribution. UN secretary general praised Bangladesh Army. As a credit, Sierra Leone has
given the status of Bangla to one of the state languages, Liberia has named it a street named
Bangladesh Street. Greater recognition and achievement are the laughter and love of the
common people of war-ravaged countries.

Conclusion:
The United Nations peacekeeping missions contributing to the security of world peace and
security are truly commendable. In this program, the role and success of the different forces of
Bangladesh has made us proud. In this, the role of the Bangladesh army is again the main role.
Hundreds of Bangladeshi peacekeepers have died so far. Yet, discipline, professionalism and
expertise of the Bengalis were highly appreciated in the international arena as well as the local
people. It is considered to be very glorious to the country and the nation.
References:
 Mostafa, Md.Golam, 1994, The UN Peacekeeping Operations: Challenges and Options
[online] available at: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/301362514

 Berdel.Mats, Ucko.Devid, 2015, The Use of Force in UN Peacekeeping Operations.

Routledge.The RUSI Journal 160(1):6-12, DOI: 10.1080/03071847.2015.1016718

 Zaman.UZ.Rashed, Biswas.R.Niloy, 2016, Peacekeeping Contributor Profile:

Bangladesh. journal article [online]. Available at:
http://www.providingforpeacekeeping.org. [Accessed: December 2016].

 Rashid. Ur. Harun. (2004). International relation and Bangladesh. The University
press limited.

 Green.C.leslie. (July 2018). The contemporary law of armed conflict.

DOI: 10.7765/9781526130907.00028