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ELECTRIC WIRING

Wire:
A wire is a single, usually cylindrical, flexible strand or rod of metal. Wires are used to bear
mechanical loads or electricity and telecommunications signals. Wire is commonly formed
by drawing the metal through a hole in a die or draw plate. Wire gauges come in
various standard sizes, as expressed in terms of a gauge number. The term wire is also used more
loosely to refer to a bundle of such strands, as in 'multistranded wire', which is more correctly
termed a wire rope in mechanics, or actable in electricity.

Wire and Cable:


A wire is a single conductor while cable is a group of two or more conductors.A cable is usually two or more wires
running together or bonded, twisted or braided together

TYPES OF WIRE ACCORDING TO INSULATION

PVC
Polyvinyl chloride---the ubiquitous PVC of construction sites the world over---has now become
the most common type of electrical insulation. It can tolerate both moderately low and moderately high
temperatures and is doesn't cost very much. Higher-temperature installations, however, require different
types of insulation.
VIR:

V.I.R. wires-(Vulcanized India Rubber) In this type of wire a tinned copper conductors or aluminum
conductors are used. The conductors are covered by Vulcanized India Rubber. It is then covered with
cotton tape and cotton braiding. Finally, it is dipped in bitumen compound. The copper conductor is
tinned to provide protection against corrosion due to presence of traces of sculpture, zinc oxide and other
mineral ingredients in the V.I.R. It is available in single cotton covered, double cotton. It is available in
1/18, 3/20, 3/22, 7/20, 7/22, 7/16, 19/22, 19/16 sizes. It is suitable for indoor conduct wiring, casing
capping wiring and cleat wiring. This type of wire is available in single core only. It is suitable for low
and medium voltage supply only.

LS:
LS Cable & System is a Korea based industrial
corporation with operations and one of
the biggest cable manufacturers worldwide.
Its products comprise power and telecommunication cables and systems, as well as integrated modules
and other related industrial materials. LS Cable & System furthermore provides engineering services,
installation and commissioning of high voltage and extra high voltage landlines as well as
turnkey submarine cabling project execution.

CTS:
It is the type of the wire in which we handled the current through the rubber insulation and it is a good
quality rubber insulation.

Types of wire according to current carrying capacity:


Copper conductor wire:
Copper is the electrical conductor in many categories of electrical wiring. Copper wire is used in power
generation, power transmission, distribution, telecommunications, electronics circuitry, and countless
types of equipment. Copper and its alloys are also used to make electrical contacts. Electrical wiring in
buildings is the most important market for the copper industry roughly half of all copper mined is used to
manufacture electrical wire and cable conductors

Aluminium conductor wire:


Aluminium conductor steel-reinforced is a specific type of high-capacity, high-strength stranded
conductor typically used in overhead power lines. The outer strands are high-purity 1350 or
1370 aluminium alloy, chosen for its excellent conductivity, low weight and low cost. The center strands
are of steel for the strength required to support the weight without stretching the aluminium due to
its ductility. This gives the conductor an overall high tensile strength .

Types of wire according to core


Single core wire:
The type of wire in which the core contain only one conducting material and only that can allow the
current in the required direction.

Double core wire:


The type of wire in which two conducting material are presentinside the wire which can allow the
passage of current.

Wiring:
Electrical wiring uses insulated conductors. Wiring safety codes vary by country, and the International
ElectronicallyCommission (IEC) is attempting to standardize wiring amongst member countries. Wires
and cables are rated by the circuit voltage, temperature and environmental conditions (moisture, sunlight,
oil, chemicals) in which they can be used. Color codes are used to distinguish line, neutral and ground
(earth) wires.

Cleat wiring:
Electric wiring on cleats or insulated supports which are mounted on a wall orother surface, leaving the w
iring exposed; conduits or raceways are not used.

Capping casing:
The phenomena in which we cover the wire material in the casing and it is protected from external
weather conditions and environmental changes and to prevent from damaging the wire.
MECHANICAL WORKSHOP

SUBMITTED TO:
SYED AMJAD SHAH

SUBMITTED BY:
AHSAN MASOOD

ROLL NO:
18-MCE-28
Conduit wiring:
An electrical conduit is a tube used to protect and route electrical wiring in a building or nonbinding
structure. Electrical conduit may be made of metal, plastic, fiber, or fired clay. Most conduit is rigid, but
flexible conduit is used for some purposes.

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