FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA

ESCUELA PROFESIONAL

INGENIERIA CIVIL

ASIGNATURA:
INGLES II
TEMA:
DEFICIENCIA EN METRADOS

DOCENTE:

Dr. ENRIQUE HUAMAN CELMI

ALUMNO:

CRUZ SIGUEÑAS LORENZO

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 ABSTRACT

The calculation of materials is one of many activities that precede the preparation of a budget
in the career of civil engineering. Some to be able to calculate materials it is necessary to know
much more previously their characteristics, the factors of waste, the units of commercialization
of these, according to the environment, in addition to the constructive processes and a few
regarding the project that will be executed. Every element to be built is made up of the
materials that make it up, in this monographic work we will study some Deficiencies in the
Measurements of Architecture, Structural, Electrical and Sanitary Installations, since the
complexity of the buildings projects required by the clients nowadays it is growing, with a
great variety of facilities, materials, supplies, and procedures that demand the application not
only of effective tools of management and planning in the construction.

Finally, it should be noted that part of the desire to share and in some the knowledge,
applications and conclusions obtained in this work to achieve an easy management and
adaptation to the different projects of the construction industry and enrich each other.

KEYWORDS: deficiency of architecture, structural, electrical and sanitary metering.

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 1.- GENERALITIES

OBJETIVES

1.1. OBJETIVES GENERALE:

Identify and list deficiencies in Architecture, Structural, Electrical and Sanitary Facilities.
During the process of measuring Architecture, Structural, Electrical and Sanitary Installations,
add all the deficiencies observed.

1.2. OBJETIVOS SPECIFIC:

Recognize that Deficiencies are the most common in the metered. Determine the Economic
Control and Procedures to avoid cost overruns.

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 2.- CONCEPTS GENERAL.
METRATED
We can define it as computation or in some cases as a measure of material consumption; or
amount of
works to realize. The units used are kg, m2, m3, pie2, unit, piece, or other that adequately
defines said meter.
Likewise we can define it as the ordered set of data obtained or achieved by means of readings
that are bounded, preferably, and with the exception of readings at scale, that is, with a scale
meter.
CHARACTERISTICS AND METHODOLOGY FOR METRICS
1.- CHARACTERISTICS OF THE METRATED

• It must be much clearer, simpler and understandable to other people, to allow verification of
them.
• It must be much more analytical, for which a methodology is used.
• The operations and indications necessary to perform the computation of the same must
appear.
3.- DEFICIENCY IN ARCHITECTURE METRICS, STRUCTURAL, ELECTRICAL
AND SANITARY INSTALLATIONS
If the quantification of a work has a 10% error, the budget will have at least 10% error. Then,
if the costs are over-estimated in a budget, the contest will most likely be lost; if on the
contrary they are underestimated, money will be lost.

That is why many authors consider the department of construction budgets as the heart of a
construction company, since it is the organ that pumps the blood to the rest of the body.
What is the purpose of the quantification of work?

It is an activity that pursues three concrete and different objectives in various stages of the
work:
1. Determine the amount of materials needed to execute the construction.
2. That amount will subsequently be used to establish the total cost of the construction of the
projectand.

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Common deficiencies in quantification.

Deficiency # 1 know little about the construction processes that will be used.

The ideal candidate for the quantification of a work is that person who has accumulated
sufficient experience in both work and in the cabinet and has a particular "instinct" to make
correct quantifications. The lack of knowledge of the constructive process can cause many
significant errors in the calculation of c a d c o n c e n t p e r that will affect the budget.

Deficiency # 2: study the project and its documentation a few.

In order to have a clear vision of the construction process of the project, it is essential to study
all the available documentation of the project Therefore, the indispensable minimum
documents are
• Final plans of work: Plants, cuts, facades.

•Structural plans.

• Details plans.

• Facilities plans.

•Specifications.

The work of studying the documentation also serves to detect discrepancies between the plans,
details and r e m e r t m e s of the p r o and e c t o, and p o d e r t o m e r e c i s forecasted in
which document will have prevalence for the quantification.

Deficiency # 3: Do not know the units of measure for each item.

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For example:
• The linear meter is used to measure:
baseboards, cornices joists, etc.
• The square meter (m2) is used for floors, finishes, walls, ceilings, etc.
• Volume measurement is used for earth movement, in concrete, sand, etc.
• The measurement by weight is used for steel and rolled sections
• Unitary elements are used for prefabricated elements, accessories, etc.
• The price raised is used for difficult cases to calculate prior to its preparation.
Deficiency # 4: Do not measure accurately.

A reasonable degree of accuracy must be achieved within reasonable limits of tolerance,

especially when the material being quantified is very expensive. For example, an error of 1 m2
in the measurement of a paint finish is not the same as 1 m2 of a marble floor.

Deficiency # 5: Two or more people quantifying the same concept.

The arithmetic of the spreadsheets should be done by only one person since it has been
proven that when working in pairs, for example, one dictating and another doing
operations, the number of errors increases.

* OTHER DEFICIENCIES FOUND

ARCHITECTURE:

- They do not specify well the levels of floor, example to which level of the path will go, or the
height of the false floor.
- It is not necessary to waste material in tarrajeo, the amount that is lost when chicotear,
regulate, etc.
- It does not take into account the cuts made to the wall for electrical installations, whether of
switches, electrical outlet, general boards, etc. That is to say, when using the grinder we cut the
wall and with it there are openings, and in some many deep ones, which demands more
material to cover them at the time of tarrajeo.

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STRUCTURAL:

- In the excavation of ditches the excavation is repeated, for example, when we dig the shoe,
then we dig the trench taking again the elevation of the shoe where we get more volume
because the meter is bad, that is the doubling of the volume.
- In the steel they measure it and consider the waste, and when they take it to the S10, the
program already has the waste factor, so the value is doubled and there is an excess of steel
and in large quantities it is much STEEL.
ELECTRIC:
- They do not consider the precise heights of switches and receptacles.

- The ties that exist in the pipeline are not considered and therefore tubes are sometimes
missing.
SANITARY:
- The drain is not located well, only consider points, without considering the distance that
exists from the point of drainage from the street to the house, and with this it is not considered
in the meter of the pipe, elbows, hookahs and others.

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 CONCLUSIONS

 In conclusion we can say many things about the deficiencies in the architecture,
structural, electrical and sanitary measures, such as: # 1: Not knowing the constructive
processes that will be used, # 2: Not studying the project and its documentation, # 3:
Do not know the units of measure of each item, # 4: Do not measure with accuracy, #
5: Do so many people quantifying the same concept, # 6: Do not put enough data or
some forget to point in each spreadsheet , # 7: Do not use the recommended order for
measurements, # 8: Not knowing the applicable regulations, # 9: Do not concentrate on
what is relevant, # 10: Do not use programs to facilitate the work.

 It was also possible to recognize some more common shortcomings in Architecture,

Structural, Electrical and Sanitary facilities, such as: a few specify the floor levels well,
the waste of material in tarraje is not required, it is not taken into account the cuts that
are made to the wall for electrical installations, In the excavation of ditches the
excavation is sometimes repeated, in the steel they measure it and consider the waste,
and when they take it to the S10, the program already has the waste factor, No some
consider the precise heights of switches and outlets, they do not consider the ties that
exist in the pipeline and therefore sometimes lack tubes, the drain is not located well,
only a few consider points, without considering the distance that exists from the Point
drain from the street to the apartment.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES:
1. BERDILLANA, F. (2008). Information Technologies for the Visualization of information
and its use in Construction - Intelligent 3D Systems. Thesis to choose a teacher's degree.
School of Civil Engineering, National University of Engineering - Lima-Peru.

2. Measurement Regulations for Building Works and Urban Authorities (R.D. No. 073-2010 /
HOUSING / VMCS-DNC, dated 2010-05-04)

3. Directive No. 012-2000-CG / OATJ-PRO: Authorization prior to execution and payment of

additional public works budgets.

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