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2.7 “ana Teiqusfor SD as 44-bit convener sw whih nl vides 16 state t0 make things xi 0 ‘ual ental hat many pore wae o const he sample Ue: Hwee tbe won werent Soshave lips diro pe betwera te tarps etown nig 44), Tow vale between sagen ae gored and Metre cure the ADC. “her come ot the ADC ands proceed bythe dtl inal rceing also and cently the deal anal conser have no nel for eset to be same, Theory, tay qeamer where vores te Figure 2451, Spl ar not cominsos and ae oor moth The adeqate ‘ln the tops dese pSesrem 223 ae undead nd ono ae the Nr sampling therem The rine hn problem wo we wat {oaculy cone th samped ds eck in the cotnvous analog ora, THe bani ofthe continous analog dean infin and dos no oy at ‘owns Figue245(), When here Soman dts consider yo he dal limit nse ofa il ve “Thi why we tx onal bar we ites in the tani orton of «SDR, 4 gala or ple shaping, hich change cach bol the gt inesnge inal peste ford DAC. Ti followed by an nog ‘coms filer, whch enon aang cane y the DAC Thi roe Ssh in iar 46 27.1 Analog Reconstruction Filters Tn Section 3.54, i was discussed how oversampling can ease the equiements on the antialiasing filter and how a signs-delta ADC has this inhereneacvantage. In 4 DAG hased system, he concept of insrplaton can be used in a imiar manner ‘with the analog reconstruction filter hit s common i digtal audio CD players, ‘whee base update rate ofthe data conthe CD nabour 4.1 RSD. A dencibe in Secticn 2.25, zeros ate inserted into the data, which s passed chrough a digital fier thereby increasing the effective sample update rate to four times, eight times, for ssttem times the original rate. The High oversampling rate moves the sage frequencies higher, allowing a less complex filer witha wider transition band. “The same concept can be aplied to a high-speed DAC, Suppose that a traditional DAC i driven at an input word rate of 30 MSPS, a6 shown in Figure 247 A; the DAC ourpr fequercy fis 10 MHz. The image frequency ‘omponsnt at 20 MHz must be artenvate bythe analog reconstruction ler, and the transition band ofthe filter is 10 -0 20 MHz. Te image fequerey mus be ateruted by 60 dB. Therefore, the filter must cover a passband of 10 ME with ‘60-48 snpband attenuation over the ranstion band ping between 10 and 20 Mz {one atv) An analog Butterworth fle design gives 6 dB atensation por otave {or eachpol. Therefore, a minimum of 10 poles are required to provide the dsieed teruation. The necesty filer beccmes even more complex asthe transition band become: narrower "Nos, let us assume that we increas the DAC update rate to 60 MSPS and interpol the original data samples by 2, sling i a data stream a 60 MSPS ‘The sponse ofthe DAC relative to the too times oversampling fequercy shown in Figur 247 B. The analog recorstrucion filter transition zone is now 10 t0 o Figure bands 7 c (0) bard-bited 245 0) pune beste, ne rete a ab) brine nan Seo dome 50 MHz (he ist image occurs at 2f = fo = 60 ~ 10 = 50 MHz). This ransition ‘zone i now larger than ewo oetaves, imply ng that a five o spoke Butterworth Fitri suticint, which s much easier design and bull 272 Dace In theory, he simplest meted for digital oanalog conversion ito pall he samples from merory and conver them igo am impulse tan. Similar eo the sampling 2.7 “ana Teiqusfor SD n 4 4 ol ee i nee so a a Te |e |e Sgr 246 on ve aii si, BIE aves the Soa hoa nog © gure 247 Anon reconsction ther eq aren ff = 10M ith = SOMES and a fusion in Section 2.2.2, the impulse madultor canbe defined ax n= S504, (288) 40 = dripto = okrse-k= {AP SET 209) ‘where cach digital symbol iniatesananalg pulse that i scaled by the vale of| thesyrbel. The original analog signal ear be econstrcted bypassing his impulse train though a lowpass filer, with the cutoff frequency equal to one-half of the sampling rate

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