Figure 1.

Stainless steel grades

Stainless steels
Ferritic Duplex Austenitic
Conventional Heat resistant
Super Conventional Utility Lean Super Mn N Cr Ni
Martensitic Duplex Cr Ni (Mo)
Ferrites Ferrites Ferrites Duplex Duplex Austenitic Austenitic
Austenitic
Plain chromium Plain chromium stainless steels, but with low Mixed ferrite - austenitic crystal structure (duplex) Ni containing stainless steels. Most common
stainless steels carbon levels, therefore cannot be strengthened Higher levels of Cr and lower levels of Ni as com- grades which accounts for 70% of all stainless
that can be by heat treatment. pared to the austenitic grades. Contain nitrogen. steel usage.
strengthened by
heat treatment. Generally considered to have poor weldability High strength and good corrosion resistance. Excellent corrosion resistance and associated
with the exception of the utility grades Weldable secondary properties. Suitable for a wide range

3
Cr: 12 to 18% of applications.
High Carbon:
0.2 to 1.2%
Magnetic Non - magnetic
Martensitic Ferritic Duplex Austenitic
structure structure structure structure
Add carbon Add nickel Add more nickel
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Plain chromium (Cr) Nickel (Ni) addition
Iron (Fe) + Chromium (Cr)