HYPOTHESIS TESTING

HYPOTHESIS TESTING:
H0: AVG. WAITING TIME IS EQUAL FOR ALL DAY (breakfast)
H1:AT LEAST ONE MEAN IS DIFFERENT FROM OTHER.

Source SS DF MS F
Between the 3 14.6453=MSB 41.34389
group 43.93589=SSB (K-1)
Within the 25 0.354231=MSW
group 8.855781=SSW (N-K)
Total 28
52.791671=SST

f(tabulated) =2.99
f(calculated)=41.34389
% of variation explained
= SSB/SST*100
=( 43.93589/52.791671)*100 %
= 83.21%

From ANOVA table we see that f(tabulated) is less than f(calculated)

which means that there are suffucuent evidence to reject the null
hypothesis.
i.e we accept the alternate hypothesis and also it means that the only
83.21% variation is explained by this weekly model.
For further analysis we have to consider more factors i.e. we will have
to perform two way ANOVA test.

Dependent sample t test(paired t test):-

We want to test that setting a
new food serving counter will reduce the avg. waiting time. We have
taken 10 data before and after setting the new counter.
Does the new counter do anything ? (assuming alpha =.05)

Before 9 10 7 5 7 5 9 6 8 7
After 7 6 5 4 4 6 7 5 5 7

STEP 1- define null and alternating hypothesis .

𝐻0 𝜇𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 = 𝜇𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 (new counter have no affect)
𝐻𝑎 𝜇𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 ≠ 𝜇𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 (new counter have affect)

STEP 2- State value of alpha

α=.05
STEP 3- calculate degree of freedom
Degree of freedom for dependent sample T- test
Df= N-1 where N= no. of sample(observation taken)
Df =10-1=9
STEP-4 State decision rule
probability

If t is less than -2.262 or greater than+2.262 reject the null hypothesis.

STEP-5 calculate test statistical

Mean of
difference
𝑋𝑑
t=
𝑆𝑑 /√𝑛

standard deviation
of difference

Before 9 10 7 5 7 5 9 6 8 7
After 7 6 5 4 4 6 7 5 5 7
Difference 2 4 2 1 3 -1 2 1 3 0
 2+4+2+1+3−1+2+1+3+0
𝑋𝑑 =
10

𝑋𝑑 = 1.7
𝑆𝑑 = 1.49

1.7
t=
1.49/√10

t=3.61

STEP-6 state Result

probabilit
y

If t is less than -2.262 or greater than+2.262 reject the null hypothesis.

Since t=3.61
RESULT: -
There is sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis.
STEP-7 State conclusion
Setting a new counter significantly affected the avg. waiting
time.

Comparing two sample mean assuming equal varience:-

We want to test that the avg.
waiting tme for lunch and dinner are equal or not.
(assuming alpha =.05)
STEP 1- define null and alternating hypothesis.
𝐻0 𝜇𝐿𝑢𝑛𝑐ℎ = 𝜇𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑟
𝐻𝑎 𝜇𝐿𝑢𝑛𝑐ℎ ≠ 𝜇𝐷𝑖𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑟

STEP 2- State value of alpha

α=.05
STEP 3- calculate degree of freedom
Degree of freedom for dependent sample T- test
Df= 𝑛1 + 𝑛2 − 2
Df =14+12-2=24
STEP-4 State decision rule
Using t-table
For alpha= 0.05 and
Degree of freedom =24 we get t -tabulated =2.064
If t is less than -2.064 or greater than+2.064 reject the null hypothesis
 Alpha =5%

probability

DF=24

STEP-5 Calculate test statistical

 t=-3.358933

STEP-6 state Result

Since t=-3.358933
RESULT: -
There is sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis.
STEP-7 State conclusion
There is significant difference between the avg.
waiting time during lunch and dinner.