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Figure 1 The I-V curves show maximum power from PV modules when exposed
to irradiance 1000 W/m2
Source: The parameters are measured by the IVTracer program by Sandia National Laboratories
Figure 2 The I-V curves show maximum power from PV modules when exposed to irradiance 100 W/m2
Source: The parameters are measured by the IVTracer program by Sandia National Laboratories.
As the graphs in figure 1 and 2, we see that at the different solar radiations, PV modules deliver the variations in parameters
as follows:
(1) Maximum power; Pm
(2) Maximum power voltage; Vpm
(3) Open circuit voltage; Voc
(4) Maximum power current; Ipm
(5) Short circuit current; Isc
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4/23/2019 Basics of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Solar Charge Controller
produce to charge the battery and converts it to the best voltage to get maximum current into battery. It can also supply
power to a DC load, which is connected directly to the battery.
MPPT algorithm can be applied to both of them depending on system design. Normally, for battery system voltage is equal or
less than 48 V, buck converter is useful. On the other hand, if battery system voltage is greater than 48 V, boost converter
should be chosen.
MPPT solar charge controllers are useful for off-grid solar power systems such as stand-alone solar power system, solar
home system and solar water pump system, etc.
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4/23/2019 Basics of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Solar Charge Controller
Basics of Maximum
SOLAR CHARGE CONTROLLER Power Point Tracking
WITH MPPT AND (MPPT) Solar Charge
DC LOAD TIMER 10A Controller
Advance microprocessor control
Buck regulator wide input range
Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT)
Solar charge controller with DC load control
Reverse polarities protection of PV and battery
Battery overcharge and overdischarge protection
Temperature compensation (-3 to -7mV/Cell/Celsius) Basics of Maximum
Lighting surge protection (TVSS) Power Point Tracking
3-step charging to provide quick and safe charging for battery
Automatic cooling fan (outside enclosure) (MPPT) Solar Charge
7 modes timer control (ON/OFF DC load) selectable Controller
click to enlarge
How to choose MPPT solar charge controller for PV module and battery
Steps to consider for choosing MPPT solar charge controller
• SPT-XXYY (XX is nominal battery voltage, YY is maximum charge current)
• Find out what is nominal battery voltage that charge controller will charge and select XX
• Find out what is Wp of PV module and
• Select the suitable charge current (CC) = (Wp) / XX
• Find out YY by multiply CC by safety factor (NEC requirement) = (CC) x 1.2
• Select SOLARCON SPT-series model that covers YY
• Check that Vpm(system) is in range that SPT-XXYY can handle (MPPT voltage range)
• If PV modules are in series, need to check that Vpm(system) = Vpm(module) x Module in series
• If PV modules are in parallel, need to check that Vpm(system) = Vpm(module)
• Check that Voc(system) is not more than SPT-XXYY range (Maximum open circuit voltage)
• If PV modules are in series, need to check that Voc(system) = Voc(module) x Module in series
• If PV modules are in parallel, need to check that Voc(system) = Voc(module)
Example 1: When Kaneka GPA PV modules are used for a 128 Wp solar home system
Example 2: When SHARP NE-78T1 (type 1) or ND-130T1J (type 2) PV modules are used for a 150-260 Wp solar home
system
Example 3: When BSC BS 40 PV modules are used for a 120 Wp solar home system
Example 4: When BSC BS 40 PV modules are used for a 800 Wp stand-alone solar system
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