SENA 2018

Actividad de aprendizaje 13

Evidencia 4: Reading workshop: Inferring from context

La compresión lectora es una de las competencias básicas que todo profesional

debe cultivar para poder acceder de forma directa a cualquier tema de interés,
además de cualquier tema especializado que le permita seguir creciendo dentro
de su ámbito
ámbito laboral. Teniend
Teniendo
o en cuenta que un gran volumen
volumen de la información
información
que se encuentra disponible está escrita en inglés, debido a los procesos de
global
globaliza
izació
ción,
n, es import
important
ante
e desarro
desarrolla
llarr una compren
comprensió
sión
n lectora
lectora tanto
tanto en la
lengua materna, como en inglés.

Una buena comprensión lectora, se demostrará no sólo en el ámbito laboral, sino

también en el académico y personal. Emitir uicios y refle!ionar acerca del mundo
que leemos para saber
saber si conocemos algo
algo del mismo, es importante
importante puesto
puesto que
cuando se es capaz de realizar inferencias desarrollamos nuestro razonamiento y
ponemos en marc"a estrategias que nos permiten comprender el mundo que nos
rodea desde diferentes perspectivas.

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#or lo ante
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or,, la pres
presen
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te evid
eviden
enci
cia
a busc
busca a afia
afianz
nzar
ar esos
esos proc
proces
esos
os de
comprensión
comprensión e inferencia
inferencia de te!tos en inglés a través del desarrollo
desarrollo de diferentes
diferentes
activ
activida
idades
des de compre
comprens
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Reading workshop: Inferring from context.

#ara completar esta evidencia, tenga en cuenta las siguientes observaciones$

%. &onsul
&onsulte te y estudi
estudie e minuci
minuciosam
osamententee el material
material de formac
formación
ión y el material
material
complementario del área de inglés disponible para la presente actividad de
aprendizae.
'. (cce
(ccedada alal tall
taller
er Reading Workshop: Inferring from context y desarrolle las
actividades propuestas en su totalidad en la "erramienta ofimática de su
preferencia.
). Una vez "aya complecompletad
tado
o la totali
totalidad
dad de las activida
actividades
des propuest
propuestas
as en el
taller, aseg*rese de guardar el documento en formato .doc o .pdf para su
posterior env+o.
. Env+e susu taller
taller a través
través del lin-
lin- dispuesto
dispuesto para tal fin
fin en la platafor
plataforma.
ma.

Reading workshop: Inferring from context

#roficient or good readers understand t"at riters often tell more t"an t"ey actually
say it" ords. T"ey give you "ints or clues t"at allo you to dra conclusions
from information t"at is implied. Using t"ese clues to /read beteen t"e lines0 and
reac" a deeper understanding of t"e message is called inferring.
 SENA 2018

T"e folloing or-s"op ill "elp you understand meaning from conte!t go to belo
t"e surface details to see "at is actually implied 1not stated2 it"in t"e ords of 
t"e te!t.

I. nderstanding text organization

3ead t"e folloing te!t and anser t"e questions belo$

E4&ommerce$ T"e c"allenge not so c"allenging

A!g!st "3# "$1% 5 6errill 7ouglas
Ta-en and adapted from$ "ttp$88.inboundlogistics.com

1
 &rom sma''# 'oca' (!sinesses to nationa' giants# merc"ants fashion e4
commerce strategies to attract and delig"t consumers in an ever4more
competitive mar-et.

"
  E)commerce contin!es to redefine the wa* peop'e shop.   9nline retail
sales in t"e United :tates totaled ;)<.=> billion in '?%>, representing a %@.>4
percent increase over '?%>, according to t"e U.:. 7epartment of &ommerce.
E!cluding sales of fuel and cars, %%.A percent of retail sales in t"e United
:tates in '?%> ere e4commerce sales, according to Bnternet 3etailer 
calculations.
BtCs getting "arder to define De4commerce,D as merc"ants often blur   or dont
distinguis" t"e difference beteen buying online and buying in a store. For 
consumers today, buying a product online for in4store pic-up, ) or whipping
o!t a phone in the store to order an item that+s o!t of stock at that
'ocation# is j!st part of the ever*da* shopping experience.

9ne t"ing is certain, t"oug"$ e4commerce and omnic"annel retail leaders

"ave trained t"eir customers to e!pect more options and better service. 4
,-eop'e want convenience#, says 7ap"ne &armeli, founder and &E9 of 
same4day delivery service 7eliv, in 6enlo #ar-, &alifornia. For instance, t"ey
ant to order a product t"is morning and receive it t"is evening.  ,&ift*)six
percent of mi''ennia's sa* the* won+t (!* if there+s not a same)da*
option#,s"e adds.

 (s ne models emerge, industry leaders set ne standards, and competition
continues to "eat up, retailers t"at include e4commerce in t"eir strategies are
racing to stay out front.
 SENA 2018

%. /rganize the text.  (s you could notice, five sentences ere removed.
#lease, c"ec- t"e folloing options to complete t"e te!t. #ay attention, t"ere
is one e!tra option t"at is not necessary.

A. D#eople ant convenience,D

0. From small, local businesses to national giants,
. #eriodically, t"e company sent an email to its customer list announcing t"e
arrival of an especially interesting merc"andise.
2.  DFifty4si! percent of millennials say t"ey onCt buy if t"ereCs not a same4day
option,D
E. or "ipping out a p"one in t"e store to order an item t"atCs out of stoc- at
t"at location, is ust part of t"e everyday s"opping e!perience.
&. E4commerce continues to redefine t"e ay people s"op.

TIP: Pay attention to linking words or punctuation marks to determine the

best option for each case

'. &inding s*non*ms.  (ccording to t"e te!t, matc" t"e proper synonym for 
eac" of t"e terms from column ( it" t"e synonyms from column G.

 ( G
%. Fas"ion "  (. Bncrement
'. Bncrease  G. 6aterialize
). Glur 1 &. Use
. &ertain 4 7. &onfident
@. Emerge 3 E. Hot clear, muddy

II. Reading (etween 'ines

3ead t"e folloing te!t and anser t"e questions belo$

Determined to pay as low a price as possible for materials,

manufacturers have not traditionally cultivated warm relationships
with suppliers. In the words of one general manager: !he best 
approach to supply is to have as many players as possible fighting for 
their piece of the pie"that#s when you get the best pricing.$ %xcellent 
supply chain management re&uires a more enlightened mindset"
 SENA 2018

recogni'ing, as a more progressive manufacturer did: (ur supplier#s

costs are in effect our costs. If we force our supplier to provide )* 
days of consigned material when +* days are sufficient, the cost of 
that inventory will find its way back into the supplier#s price to us
since it increases his cost structure.$ While manufacturers should 
 place high demands on suppliers, they should also reali'e that 
 partners must share the goal of reducing costs across the supply 
chain in order to lower prices in the marketplace and enhance
margins. !he logical extension of this thinking is gainsharing 
arrangements to reward everyone who contributes to the greater 
 profitability. -

a. anufacturers have not cultivated good relationships in order to get:

 /0/ 1ow rates.

 // 2ood products.

 // 3etter services.

b. 4 general manager compares supplying to:

 // !oys.

 /0/ 4 piece of the pie.

 // 4pples.

c. 5uppliers# costs are also:

 // 6roviders# costs.

 // anagers# costs.

 /0/ anufacturers# costs.

1  (nderson,7. Gritt, F. y Favre, 7. 1s.f.2. !he 7 principles of supply chain management.

&onsultado el '? de octubre de '?%>, en "ttp$88.scmr.com
 SENA 2018

d. 6anufacturers not only place "ig" demands on suppliers, but also$

 // 4ccept that partners should diminish costs in the supply chain.

 /0/ 8ave many players to fight for the best price.

 // 2ain new arrangements by getting new profitability strategies.

III. nderstanding active and passive ro'es

Ie use t"e active or passive voice to focus attention on t"e responsible agent of 
an action or t"e receiver 1obect2 of t"e same action.

%. &"ec- t"e folloing ob descriptions it"in t"e supply c"ain and determine if 
t"e sentence is ritten don in active or passive voice. &"ec- t"e e!ample.

J(ctive or #assiveK

T"e company resources are usually controlled and managed by

-assive voice
#roect 6anagers in order to ac"ieve common goals in an effective,
time4efficient manner.
Gy applying to t"is position your application is automatically submitted
to t"e folloing locations$ 6ountain ie, &(, U:(M :an Francisco, Active voice
&(, U:(
T"e :upply 7emand #lanner ill develop, communicate, and e!ecute
end4to4end product demand and supply plans across all c"annels of  -assive voice
distribution.
 (s a -ey member of our Gusiness 9perations team, aspects of t"e Active voice
demand planning ill be led by you.
Nou s"ould manage t"e supply c"ain to balance demand v8s supply to Active voice
meet t"e company obectives.
Oualified applicants ill be considered it"out regard to age, race,
creed, color, national origin, ancestry, marital status, affectional or 
se!ual orientation, gender identity or e!pression, disability, nationality, Active voice
se!, or veteran status.
T"e logistics of all aspects of t"e supply c"ain must be coordinated by -assive voice
T"e :upply &"ain 6anager 
&ompanies are increasingly sourcing ra materials, manufacturing, -assive voice
and labor from all over t"e orld forming a global supply c"ain.
 SENA 2018

T"e supply c"ain manager coordinates t"e logistics of all aspects of  -assive voice
t"e supply c"ain
Ie t"in- of our team members as an e!tended family and or- to
foster an environment t"at benefits our or-force and generates Active voice
personal and professional innovation.
 (s an (cquisitions (nalyst, you combine your deep mar-et -noledge
of a given sector it" tec" industry savvy to negotiate cost4effective -assive voice
solutions to support PoogleCs infrastructure grot".

'. T"e folloing is t"e testimony of someone t"at "as itnessed a robbery in a
7istribution &enter, but t"is person does not ant "is8"er information to be
revealed. #lease, rerite "is8"er testimony in t"e #assive oice. &"ec- t"e
e!ample$

5omebody has stolen a truck from outside the Distribution 9enter. !he thief drove
the truck off the parking lot at -*:** p.m. !he thief used a stick to open the car.
5ome other workers at the loading area also saw the thief. !he police are
searching for the truck now. !hey will use the workers# descriptions to catch the
thief.

A tr!ck has (een sto'en from o!tside the 2istri(!tion enter. omeone
noticed that at 1$:$$ pm the thief took the tr!ck o!t of the distri(!tion center 
to (e a('e to open it !sing some device. ome emp'o*ees noticed that there
was a thief# the tr!ck is now (eing registered (* the po'ice and ana'*zing
some given descriptions.

-asos para enviar 'a evidencia:

%. &lic en el t+tulo de esta evidencia.

'. &lic en E!aminar mi equipo y buscar el arc"ivo previamente guardado.
). 7ear un comentario al instructor 1opcional2.
. &lic en Enviar.

ota: esta evidencia es de carácter individual. 3ecuerde revisar la gu+a de

aprendizae con el fin de verificar que "a realizado todas las evidencias
propuestas, saber cómo desarrollarlas y entregarlas correctamente.
 SENA 2018

riterios de eva'!aci5n
#uede inferir el significado de una palabra u oración dentro de un te!to en
inglés, as+ éste no esté e!pl+cito.