Title : Titrimetry

Aim: To determine the Ascorbic Acid concentration in a Vitamin C Tablet by an indirect titration.

Apparatus/Materials:

1. 2 White tiles 2. 1 Wash bottle with distilled water

3. 2 100 mL and 2 250 mL Beakers 4. 2 Spatulas
5. 2 sample vials with stoppers 6. 3 25 mL Pipettes and 3 pipette fillers
7. 1 250 mL, Volumetric flask 8. 2 25 mL, & 2 — 10 mL Measuring cylinders
9. 6 - 250 mL conical flasks 10. Analytical & top loading balances
11. 2 — 50 mL Burettes and 2 funnels 12. 1000 mg vitamin C tablet in vial
13. Cotton wool, tissue & lab cloth 14. KIO3 solution (2.1526 g L-1)
15. 3 Filter funnels 16. 1 M H2SO4
17. 1 Mortar and pestle 18. Sodium thiosulphate solution
19. 2 Pasteur pipettes 20. 10% KI solution
21. 2 Retort stands and clamps 22. Starch
23. 1 Glass rod 24. 1 Wash bottle with distilled water

PROCEDURE A: Standardization of Sodium Thiosulphate Solution Using Iodate

1. Pipette 25 mL of the standard potassium iodate solution provided into a 250 mL conical flask.
2. Add 25 mL of 1 M sulphuric acid to the flask followed by 20 mL of 10% potassium iodide solution.
3. Titrate the liberated iodine against the sodium thiosulphate solution until the solution changes to a
pale yellow.
4. Add 2 mL of starch solution and continue the titration until the blue colouration just disappears.
5. Repeat titration as many times as necessary to obtain accurate results.

PROCEDURE B: Determination of Ascorbic Acid content of Vitamin C Tablet

1. Using a mortar and pestle pulverize a 1000 mg tablet.
2. Transfer the powder to a 250 mL beaker and add 100 mL of 1M H2SO4.
3. Agitate the mixture with a glass rod and gravity filter into a 250 mL volumetric flask. To filter the
solution plug the stem of a funnel with a piece of cotton wool. Rinse the cotton with a small volume
of 1M H2SO4 ensuring that the flow rate is moderate before beginning to filter the Vitamin C —
H2SO4 mixture. Ensure that no solid material goes into the volumetric flask. If this happens you will
need to re-filter.
4. Make the solution up to 250 mL with 1M H2SO4.
5. Pipette 25 mL of the vitamin C solution into a conical flask and add 25 mL of standard KIO3
solution by pipette.
6. Add 20 mL of 10% KI solution to the mixture and titrate against the standardized thiosulphate
solution until the solution becomes a very pale yellow.
7. Add 10 drops of starch solution and continue the titration until the blue colouration just disappears.
8. Repeat the experiment until a satisfactory average is obtained for the end point.
Data Analysis:

Use the results from the standardization of the sodium thiosulphate solution to calculate the
following:
1. The number of moles of IO3- ions in the 25 cm3 of solution.
2. The number of moles of I3- produced by the 25 cm3 of IO3- solution
3. The number of moles of S2O32- ions that reacted with the I3- ions produced by the 25 cm3 of IO3-
solution.
4. The concentration of the sodium thiosulphate solution in mol dm-3

Use the results from the determination of Ascorbic acid content in a Vitamin C tablet to answer the
following questions:
1. How many moles of S2O32- ions were used in the titration?
2. How many moles of I3- remained in solution after the oxidation of the ascorbic acid?
3. How many moles of I3- ions reacted with the ascorbic acid in the titration?
4. Calculate the number of moles of Ascorbic acid in 25 cm3 of the solution.
5. Calculate the number of moles of Ascorbic acid in 250 cm3 of solution.
6. Calculate the mass of ascorbic acid in the Vitamin C tablet.
7. Compare your answer with the manufacturer’s specificiation.