AUTOMATIC GEAR SHIFTING

IN TWO WHEELERS

Guided by,
PRAVEEN KUMAR BS NITHIN N
ASST PROFESSOR 1DB15ME071
MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT RANJITH J 1DB15ME090
DBIT BANGALORE RANJITH R
1DB15ME091
YOGESH J 1DB15ME129
 1

INTRODUCTION

 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
Vehicle can automatically change gear ratios as the vehicle moves,
freeing the driver from having to shift gears manually and to achieve
efficient driving.
ADVANTAGE:
 Easier to drive in stop and go traffic

 easier to use

  fuel efficient.

Discussing two type automatic transmission in

two wheelers:

1. Both gear and the clutch are controlled electro-mechanical by

a microcontroller – based computer system

2. continuously variable transmission.

 3

Automatic gear shifting with microcontroller:

 This system does not require any modification to the engine .





 The equipment is mounted externally on the body of the motorcycle.





 4

 System shifts gear at exactly the correct speed , which produce

smooth gear changing sequence.





 Engine runs smoothly without knocking , which increases the engine life.





 This system is different from the traditional automatic transmission
used in cars.





 Because , it uses electromechanical , pneumatic , hydraulic devices ,
which act similar to the human foot pressing gear pedal up and down
and pressing the clutch lever like a human hand.
 5

Automatic gear shifting can be divided into

three basis on the mechanism of actuators used

1. Electro mechanical

2. Pneumatic

3. Hydraulic
 6

Electro-mechanical automatic gear shifting:-

Main components :

 Wheel speed sensor





 Microcontroller




 Electro-mechanical actuator




 Relays
 9/2/2015 7

Wheel speed sensor

Working principle:
 It is a proximity sensor.

 Installed above the ring wheel.

 Ring wheel connected to the wheel hub/drive shaft.

 Speed sensor consists of permanent magnet .

 Magnetic field extend to the pulse wheel.

 Rotational movement of the pulse wheel and associated
alteration of the teeth and gap changes the magnetic field.

 Induces an alternating voltage in the coil related to speed.

 Electronic in the sensor convert the resulting sinusoidal signal
in to a digital signal.
8
Transmitted to the microcontroller unit.
9
Microcontroller
2 microcontroller units(MCU) are used.
MCU1-

Functionas to shift gear up and gear

downControl the power of the ignition coil
Sensing the neutral position of the gear
Producing the clutch enable signal to 2ndmicrocontroller

MCU2-

Function as to control the clutch system by receiving signal from the gear
system microcontroller
Sensing the brake enable and disable condition for clutch pressing
 10

Brief working of microcontroller

 When power is supplied to the system:-





 MCU1 first sends signal to the gear shifting system to bring the gears
into NEUTRAL position





 MCU1 then sends signal to the gear shifting system to gear up when active signal
is received.





 MCU1 sends signal to the MCU2 to release half clutch when motorcycle
running below 10 km/h



 11

RELAY
 A relay is an electrically operated switch





 A switch is used to drive the microcontroller





 Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-
power signal.





 Relay is used to sense the neutral gear position





 In neutral position the relay provide an active low signal to
the microcontroller
 12

 In any gear relay provide an active high signal to the microcontroller

 Brake sensing relay is also used






 To sense the brake activation and deactivation




 Brake activation –produce Active high signal





 Brake deactivation –produce active low signal

13
Dc motor with lead screw actuators
 Generally use high power DC motor

 The output is given to lead screw

 will give linear motion
Two high power relays are used:
1. For forward movement of the lead screw.
2. For backward movement of the lead screw.

 This lead screw is connected to a mechanical linkage


 Which will facilitate the forward and backward movement
of the gear pedal
 This same system can be install on the clutch system
14
Gear shifting system attached to the motorcycle

9/2/2015 15
Clutch controlling system installed on the motorcycle

16
Future development

 The system is easily implement on other vehicle such as

cars buses and trucks

A few modifications need to made in the software and electro-
mechanical system compatible with those vehicle to make .

17

CONTINOUSLY VARIABLE TRANSMISSION:-

 CVT is an advanced technology of automatic transmission.





 Unlike traditional automatic transmissions, continuously variable
transmissions don't have a gearbox with a set number of gears.





 CVT also known as single-speed transmission, gearless transmission, one-
speed automatic, variable pulley transmission.





 Varies the transmission ratio continuously.




 Shifts automatically with an infinite number of ratios.
18
 PULLEY BASED CVT

 It consist of main 3 parts

1.Driver pulley
2.Driven pulley
3.Belt

19
PULLEY BASED CVT
Low gear Top gear

20
21
 ADVANTAGES
 Allow for an infinite number of gear ratios.





 Eliminates "shift shock" -- makes it smoother ride




 Responds better to changing conditions.





 Better fuel economy & power loss than automatic transmission





 The main advantage of CVTs is that they allow an engine to run at its ideal
RPM regardless of the speed of the vehicle.
 22

 Limited torque capacity as compared to the manual transmission system






 More costlier than manual transmission




 Slipping in the drive belt or pulleys.





 Additional gear train required for reverse condition.

23
 APPLICATIONS

 Commonly used in automobiles






 New continuous variable transmission for medium duty
trucks and buses.





 Starts development on wind turbine CVT

24
 COMPARISON
AUTOMATIC GEAR
CVT IN SCOOTERS
SHIFTING IN MOTORCYCLE

 No need of any modification to  Number of gear sets are absent.


the engine .  Gear box itself changed


 Equipment is externally installed
  Have limited torque capacity

 No limited torque capacity
  Infinite number of gear ratio

 Finite number of gear ratio
  Less economy
 Good economy can be obtained
 CONCLUSION

 The applications and benefits of automatic transmissions in

2 wheeler can only increase based on today’s research and
development.

26
REFERENCES

 Journal by Kevin R . Lang on (May 21, 2000) On Continuously

Variable Transmissions

 https://books.google.co.in/books?id=bF3L7g1u_mQC&pg=PA3&lpg=PA3&dq
=electronic+automatic+gear+shifting+system+for+a+motorcycle&source=bl&
ots=zf5aCczrJi&sig=3KVBEJB8T_095tY7k_i0nE3S1Ro&hl=en&sa=X&ved=
0CCUQ6AEwAWoVChMI2fmhoOuBxwIVx5uUCh2lqwS8#v=onepage&q=el
ectronic%20automatic%20gear%20shifting%20system%20for%20a%20motor
cycle&f=false

 Fritz Schmeißer, Klaus Dietmayer , “ Rotational Speed Sensors KMI15/16”


 M. Anand Partheeban , “DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF CONTINUOUS
VARIABLE TRANSMISSION IN FOUR WHEELERS” , IJAET
9/2/2015 27
28