EAT 455/3

INDUSTRIALIZED BUILDING SYSTEM

(IBS)
UNIVERSITY-COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
PROJECT
PRE-FABRICATION BENCH

Group Members No. Matric

Muhammad Aizuddin bin Azhari 141200357
Muhamad Munif bin Mt Zin 141200353
Norain bt Ramli 141200369
Nur Ain Najihah Zulkefli 141200380
Nur Khalilah Aishah Bt Mohd Shukri 141200377
Nurwafaa Ainaa bt Mohd Nizam 141200387
 INTRODUCTION PLANNING

The project that was given by the lecturer is to make a bench that can be used by all folks of life. In this topic, we will discuss about the steps on how to do the wooden bench.
Therefore we came out with the idea of making the most simplest yet elegant bench by using wood. The
advantages of wood are commonly bacause of their strength and durability. Wooden furniture requires Step 1: Cut the timber
less maintenance and provides long-lasting natural material that can stand spills and scratches. Timber were cut according to preferred sizes. Table 1 is the size and cut list of pine wood that we
used for this project.
As of our project, we decided to use pine wood. Pine wood itself is used for a wide range of
construction projects as it has the strengh to support a residential frame construction. Pine wood also Table 1: Timber used
meets the industrialized building materials (IBS) criterion which is easy to work with. It is easier to cut, Size of Function Length of cut Number of
stain and carve into preferred designs compared to the other natural materials which eventually will wood (B x L) wood (mm) woods used
reduce the amount of time that a project will take to complete. (mm)
65 x 12 Seat frame 300 90
The seats part of our benches were originally made by a carpenter in Perlis. However, we included 75 x 12 Seat back 750 2
the steps of making the seats based on the knowledge we obtained from the carpenter. The bench that we 40 x 12 Seat back 750 2
have made is variable. We modified the seats into two benches that interlocking to one another manually. 75 x 35 Back leg support 450 4
It is whether to be used as one bench or can be splitted into two benches. After that, the seat back supports 65 x 12 Seat frame 645 8
were made by the members in order to add on some elements to the benches. support

Step 2. Sand the timber

Sandpaper was used to sand all of the woods to give a smooth surface. Any dust was wiped away.

Step 3. Attach the seat frame support

645 mm pine wood were measured and cut to act as rail or the seat frame support. They were cut
in the number of four in order to support every side which were upper and bottom of the seat. The pine
wood of a side where it was going to be attached to the other side of bench was arranged accordingly to
fit with a the other bench to give the variable effect.

The interlocking side

Step 4: Assemble the seat frame Step 7. Oil the bench
Timber oil was applied to the bench by using wood shellac. The function of timber oil was to
protect the surface of the timber as well as to bring out warm colour of the timber. The bench was
coated in several layers to give more beautiful effect. After that, the bench was left to let it dried until
it could be used.

All the cut pine woods in 300 mm were assembled to shape them into a box-like bench
attached to the seat frame support made previously.

Step 5. Attach the seat back with back leg support

Pallet pine wood was cut into desired sizes to make as seat back. This timbers were then was
attached to the two back leg support.

Step 8. Attach the seat back with back leg support to the bench

Step 6. Repeatability
Step 3 to Step 6 were repeated to make another bench.

The two components were puzzled together to complete the bench entirely.
 DISCUSSION 1. Finishing

2. Type of wood used in this project

 Sandpaper
 Pine wood
The objective of sanding wood is to remove mill marks, which are caused by woodworking
machines, and to remove other flaws such as dents and gouges that may have been introduced in handling. The
There are a lot of options available in the market when it comes to wooden furniture. When
most efficient method of doing this is to begin sanding with a coarse enough grit of sandpaper to cut through
shopping for quality modern furniture, most of the tables, sofas, chairs and drawers offered on the market are
and remove the problems quickly, then sand out the coarse-grit scratches with finer and finer grits until it reach
made of wood. This is because, nothing has been so close in offering quality and durability as natural wood
the smoothness we want.
furniture, in particular pine furniture. Even though technology and industry already contribute alternatives on
furniture, wooden furniture always makes the most favourite choice for buyers. In our project, we choose
 Wood shellac
wooden furniture as our IBS project.
Finishing materials used to protect wood from extremes of moisture fall into two categories, finishes
which penetrate the wood and finishes which form a coating over the wood. Oils such as linseed have been used
Here are some benefits of wooden furniture, aesthetic natural look, wood has beautiful pattern
as penetrating finishes. Waxes and various natural resinous materials have been used to form coatings over the
and lines. It is naturally beautiful and it explains why the finishing is made to show the beauty as well with
wood. Finishes which protect wood from sunlight have almost always included the introduction of earth
the ability to blend into any home décor. Based on some researched, the stated that wood is resilient and
pigments along with an oil or resin. With the addition of enough pigment, the finish becomes what we call
strong. Besides wood is naturally strong, such durability will be reliable even n high duties as well. It means
paint. Preserving wood is an important function of furniture finishes, but since furniture is functional art,
that we do not need replacement very soon since it was long lasting qualities.
creating something which pleases the eye is another demand placed upon furniture finishes.

There are a lot of varieties of woods that being offered and each type has its own advantages.
In our project, shellac finish has been used for our wooden furniture. One of the outstanding qualities
There are two types of wood, which are hardwood and softwood. For our project, we used softwood which is
of shellac is its durability and strength. If properly applied and maintained, it will last indefinitely on the
pine wood. Pine wood is considered softwood and it varies from country to country. Pine wood is typically
surface. It is for this reason the shellac is used as a floor finish, as a finish for bowling alleys, and for other
an inexpensive wood to purchase. Even though pine wood is classified as soft wood, it is a favourite of
places where abuse and wear are common. There is no fear of it cracking after many coats have been applied
furniture makes because its durability. Pine resists shrinking and swelling, though it can easily dent and
because it is so elastic and flexible. Thus accidental shock from spoons, keys, and other objects being dropper
become scratched which some people believe only adds to its rustic appeal.
on the shellacked surface will not crack or mar the finish.

Moreover, pine is also a renewable resource, this can ensure their impact on the environment is kept
Moreover, shellac is easy to apply and re applies if the original finish becomes worn or damage. We
to a minimal. It is easy to work with the pine wood since we are not the professional woodworker. It is easier
just need brush, rag or spray to apply .Then, it is unsurpassed as a furniture polish. It will obtain a beautiful,
to cut, stain and carve which this reduced the time taken for our project to complete. The biggest advantage
lasting, lustrous finish that requires no additional polishing or rubbing. Lastly, its use as a touch-up ingredient
working with pine is, it is acceptance of nails. Some materials are difficult to drive nail through, some even
makes it almost indispensable. No other material will combine with alcohol anilines and then adhere to a
required pre-drill holes. Since the pine wood easy to work with, it also can save our budget instead of buying
surface with such rapidity as shellac. It becomes a part of the finish and, when properly applied, cannot be
the driller and else.
distinguished from the surrounding surface.
 MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT Equipment

Materials
1. Brush

1. Pallet wood (Pine wood)

The brush used to apply shellac to the wood surface. It is usually made by clamping the bristles to a
handle with a ferrule.
We use pallet wood as our main material for our chair. Nowadays, pallet wood is well-known
to be made as materials of the furniture such as chair, table and shoe rack. Compared to other
2. Sandpaper
materials, pallet wood is quite cheap and easy to work with

2. Nail

Sandpaper is a type of coated abrasive that consists of sheets of paper with abrasive material like
aluminum oxide or silicon oxide glued to one face. It is produced in a range of grit sizes and is used to remove
material from surfaces, either to make them smoother, to remove a layer of material, or sometimes to make the
Nails is used in our project as a fastener, to combine woods to make a chair. Nails are essential
surface rougher. In our case, it is used as the wood finishing to make the wood smoother and give
for construction jobs where the extra strength and expense of a screw is unnecessary.
it more aesthetic value.

3. Shellac Paint
3. Hammer

Shellac is used on the chair to provide color variety, protecting and maintaining wood surfaces. It is
the central element of the traditional method of finishing furniture. Shellac creates a warmth and depth that
add aesthetic value to the woods. For our chair, we use light colored shellac as our wood had lighter A hammer is used in our project to deliver a blow to the nails to combine the woods. It is
color. also used to remove the unneeded nails or woods from the pallet wood.
 70
SCHOOL OF
ENVIRONMENTAL
50
ENGINEERING

300
TITLE: MINI PROJECT (PRE-
FEBRICATION BENCH)

1300

BACK VIEW GROUP :

SKEL PEMELOTAN : 1:100 NO HELAIAN :

70 SKEL LUKISAN : AS SHOWN

DATE: 20/11/2017

70 DRAWN BY:

1300
50
BOTTOM VIEW
450

300

SIDE VIEW 400

 SCHOOL OF
ENVIRONMENTAL
ENGINEERING
400

TITLE: MINI PROJECT (PRE-FEBRICATION

BENCH)

1300
GROUP :

PLAN VIEW

70 SKEL PEMELOTAN : 1:100 NO HELAIAN :

SKEL LUKISAN : AS SHOWN

50

DATE: 20/11/2017

DRAWN BY:

300

1300

FRONT VIEW
 SCHOOL OF
ENVIRONMENTAL
ENGINEERING

TITLE: MINI
PROJECT IBS
(PRE-FERRICATION
3D VIEW BENCH)

PLAN VIEW
 SCHOOL OF
ENVIRONMENTAL
ENGINEERING

FRONT VIEW
TITLE: MINI
PROJECT IBS
(PRE-FERRICATION
BENCH)

BACK VIEW

BOTTOM VIEW SIDE VIEW

 APPENDIX

The pieces of woods are assembled together to form a bench structure Forming the wooden bench backrest from pine woods using nails to accomplish the whole
bench structure

Sanding the wood using sandpaper to polish and give smooth surface Paint the wood using wood shellac for better finishing