Table of contents

PRELIMINARY PAGE NO.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i

TABLE OF CONTENTS ii-vii

TABLE OF ABBREVIATION viii-ix

GLOSSERY OF ARABIC WORD x

TABLE OF CASES xi-xiii

CHAPTER -1

INTRODUCTION 1-16

1. Definitions 2

1.1 Marriage 2

1.2. Wife 3

1.3 Divorce 3

1.4 Maintenance 3

1.2 Concept of Maintenance 4-5

1.3 Obligation to maintain 5

1.4 Obligation arising out of status 5-7

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1.5 Conditions of Maintenance 7-9

1.6 Maintenance of a wife of muta marriage 9

1.7 Quantum of Maintenance 10-11

1.8 Maintenance under Ante-Nuptial agreement 11-14

1.9 Kharch-i-Pandan or Mewa-Khori 14-15

1.10 Situations in which-A Muslim women may lost right to

Maintenance 15-16

CHAPTER-2

POSITION OF MUSLIM WOMEN BEFOUR MUSLIM WOMEN

(PROTECTION OF RIGHT ON DIVORCE) ACT 1986 17-30

2.1 Introduction 17

2.2 Divorced wife’s Right to maintenance 17-18

2.3 Maintenance under Muslim personal law 18-20

2.4 Maintenance order under Section 448 of criminal

procedure code 1898 20-23

2.5 A Muslim husband could easily defeat a wife’s claim

for maintenance under section 488 of the 1898 cod 23-24

2.6 Code of criminal procedure 1973 remodelled the old

section 448 24-25

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2.7 Verses 241 and 242 of The Holy Quran 25-27

2.8 Order For Maintenance Under Section 125 of Criminal procedure

code 1973 28-30

Chapter-3

POSITION OF MUSLIM WOMEN AFTER MUSLIM WOMEN

(PROTECTION OF RIGHT ON DIVORCE) ACT 1986 31-52

3.1 Introduction 31

3.2 Facts of shah bano case 32-34

3.3 Opinion of Supreme Court 34-35

3.4 Reactions to the judgment 35

3.5 Dilution of the effect of the judgment 35-36

3.6 Reactions to the act 36-37

3.7 Later developments 37

3.8 Challenge to the validity of the Act 38

3.9 The Muslim women (protection of right on divorce)

Act 1986 39-42

3.9.1 Preamble and the basic aims of the act 42-43

3.9.2 Protection to divorced women 43-48

3.9.3 Fair and reasonable provision and maintenance 48-51

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3.9.4 Maintenance from other relation and other wakf Board 51-52

Chapter-4

ROLE OF ALL INDIA MUSLIM PERSONAL LAW BOARD 53-66

4.1 Introduction 53-54

4.2 AIMS and objectives 54

4.3 Function of the Board 54-55

4.4 Defence of the Shariat 55

4.5 Validity of the Board 55-56

4.6 Reaction of AIMPLB on the judgement of shah bano 56-58

4.7 Interpretation By Courts 59-60

4.8 Criticism For The Board 60-61

4.9 Introduction 62

4.9.1 What is wakf 62-64

4.9.2 Function of wakf board 64

4.9.3 Maintenance from other relation and wakf board 65-66

CHAPTER-5
STATUS OF THE RIGHT TO MAINTENANCE OF MUSLIM
WOMEN IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES 67-87

5.1 Introduction 67-69

5.2 Laws regarding post divorce maintenance in different Muslim Countries 69
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5.2.1 Bangladesh 69-75
5.2.2 Pakistan 75-79

5.2.3 Jordan 80

5.2.4. Maghreb countries 80-82

5.2.5 Malaysia 82-83

5.2.6. Libya 83
5.2.7 Egypt 83-84
5.2.8 Turkey 84-85
5.2.9 Iran 85-86
5.3 Conclusion 86-87

CHAPTER- 6
JUDICIAL INTERPRETATION 88-112
6.1 Judicial interpretation of the Muslim women (Protection

Of Rights on Divorce) Act, 1986 88-96

6.2 Constitutional fundamental right 96-97

6.2.1 Article 14- equality before law 97

6.2.2 Article 21 of the Constitution of India Right to Life 97-98

And Personal Liberty
6.2.3.1 Right To Live with Human Dignity 98
6.2.3.2 Right to Shelter 99
6.2.3.3 Right to Livelihood 99
6.2.4 Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, 99-100
race, caste, sex or place of birth
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6.2.5 Social and economic justice 100-101
6.2.6 Other constitutional provisions 101
6.3 Statutory enactment 101-104
6.4 Role of judiciary 104-112

CHAPTER -7
C ONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 113-122
7.1 Conclusion 113-118

7.2 Suggestion 118-122

BIBLIOGRAPHY 123-125

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