Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
𝜆3 − 8𝜆2 + 21𝜆 − 18 = 0
(𝜆 − 2 )(𝜆 − 3)(𝜆 − 3) = 0
Maka nilai 𝜆 = 2, 𝜆 = 3, 𝜆 = 3
Sehingga :
(𝜆𝐼 − 𝐴)𝑥 = 0
𝜆−2 0 2 𝑥1 0
[ 0 𝜆−3 𝑥
0 ] [ 2 ] = [0]
0 0 𝜆 − 3 𝑥3 0
Jika 𝜆 = 3, 𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑎 ∶
1 0 2 𝑥1 0
[0 0 ]
0 2[𝑥 ] = [ 0] Dimisalkan X3= s
0 0 0 3 𝑥 0
X1= -2s
X2= t
−2𝑠 −2𝑠 0 −2 0
𝑥 = [ 𝑡 ] = [ 0 ] + [ 𝑡 ] = 𝑠 [ 0 ] + 𝑡 [1]
𝑠 𝑠 0 1 0
Vektor-Vektor Basis:
−2 0
𝑝1 = [ 0 ] 𝑑𝑎𝑛 𝑝2 = [1]
1 0
Jika 𝜆 = 2, 𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑎 ∶
0 0 2 𝑥1 0
[0 −1 0 ] [𝑥2 ] = [0] Dimisalkan X3= 0
0 0 −1 𝑥3 0
X1= s
X2= 0
𝑠 1
𝑥 = [0] = 𝑠 [0]
0 0
Vektor-Vektor:
1
P3= [0]
0
−2 0 1
Maka : P = [ 0 1 0]
1 0 0
0 0 1 2 0 −2 −2 0 1
-1
P AP = [0 1 0] [0 3 0 ][ 0 1 0]
1 0 2 0 0 3 1 0 0
3 0 0
= [0 3 0]
0 0 2
1 3 0 4
𝑇(𝑒1 ) = ([ ]) = [ ] 𝑇(𝑒2 ) = ([ ]) = [ ]
0 2 1 1
Maka matriks baku :
3 4
A=[ ]
2 1
1 0 3 4 𝜆 − 3 −4
𝜆𝐼 − 𝐴 = 𝜆 [ ]−[ ]=[ ]
0 1 2 1 −2 𝜆 − 1
𝜆 − 3 −4
𝐷𝑒𝑡(𝜆𝐼 − 𝐴) = 𝐷𝑒𝑡 [ ] = 𝜆2 − 4𝜆 − 5
−2 𝜆 − 1
𝜆2 − 4𝜆 − 5 = 0
(𝜆 − 5)(𝜆 + 1) = 0
Maka nilai 𝜆 = 5 𝑑𝑎𝑛 𝜆 = −1
Sehingga :
(𝜆𝐼 − 𝐴)𝑥 = 0
𝜆 − 3 −4 𝑥1 0
[ ] [𝑥 ] = [ ]
−2 𝜆 − 1 2 0
Jika 𝜆 = 5, 𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑎 ∶
2 −4 𝑥1 0
[ ] [𝑥 ] = [ ] misal x1 = 2s dan x2 = s
−2 4 2 0
2𝑠 2
𝑥=[ ] = 𝑠[ ]
𝑠 1
Vektor Basis :
2
P1 = [ ]
1
1 0 1 0 𝜆−1 0
𝜆𝐼 − 𝐴 = 𝜆 [ ]−[ ]=[ ]
0 1 6 −1 −6 𝜆 + 1
𝜆 − 3 −4
𝐷𝑒𝑡(𝜆𝐼 − 𝐴) = 𝐷𝑒𝑡 [ ] = 𝜆2 − 1
−2 𝜆 − 1
𝜆2 − 1 = 0
(𝜆 − 1)(𝜆 + 1) = 0
Maka nilai 𝜆 = 1 𝑑𝑎𝑛 𝜆 = −1
Sehingga :
(𝜆𝐼 − 𝐴)𝑥 = 0
𝜆−1 0 𝑥1 0
[ ] [𝑥 ] = [ ]
−6 𝜆 + 1 2 0
Jika 𝜆 = 1, 𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑎 ∶
0 0 𝑥1 0
[ ] [𝑥 ] = [ ] maka; −6𝑥1 + 2𝑥2 = 0
−6 2 2 0
−6𝑥1 = −2𝑥2
−2
𝑥1 = −6 𝑥2 , jika x2= s
1
𝑥1 = 3 𝑠
1 1
𝑠
𝑥 = [3 ] = 𝑠 [3]
𝑠 1
Vektor Basis :
1
P1 = [ 3 ]
1
Jika 𝜆 = −1, 𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑎 ∶
−2 0 𝑥1 0
[ ] [𝑥 ] = [ ] maka : x1 = 0 dan x2 ≠ 0 dimisalkan x2= s
−6 0 2 0
0 0
𝑥 = [ ] = 𝑠[ ]
𝑠 1
Vektor Basis :
0
P2 = [ ]
1
−2 0 0 0
14. 𝐴 = [ 0 −2 5 −5]
0 0 3 0
0 0 0 3
Latihan 6.3
Carilah Matriks P yang mendiagonalisasi A secara orthogonal dan tentukanlah
P-1AP ?
5 3√3
3. 𝐴 = [ ]
3√3 −1
−7 24
4. 𝐴 = [ ]
24 7