10 20 24 244 212 243 22 224 222 223 23 234 232 30 40 4a 42 50 54 52 521 522 523 53 60 64 62 63 70 80 CONTENTS: Introduction Materials used and method of Construction Earth & Gravel Roads Selected soil topping for earth roads Intermediate layer for gravel roads Gravel surfacing Bitumen surfaced roads Subbase and Capping layer Base Surfacing Concrete roads ‘Subbase Pavement Quality Concrete Road Shoulders Drainae Surface drainage Internal Drainage of pervious pavement layers Design paremeters Subgrade strength Traffic General Growth rate Design lite Estimating the cumulative number of standard axles Recommended methods of design Earth and Gravel Roads Flexible roads Pavement Design of Concrete Roads Stage construction Reference PAGE see eee No oe 10 10 " " " 2 12 13 19 19 2FIGURE FIGURE FIGURE FIGURE FIGURE FIGURE FIGURE FIGURES Earth and gravel roads Flexible pavement Rigio pavement ‘Capping layer and three types of subgrades Climatic Zones and provincial boundaries of Sri Lanka Pavement cross-sections of bitumen roads with normal ‘width shoulders (2 1.5m) Design thickness charts for concrete road siabsCHART CHART CHART APPENDIX APPENDIX 1 " CHARTS & APPENDICES Single sized aggregate base/bituminous applications Granular Base/Double Bituminous Surface Treatment and ‘Sand Seal (Surface dressing - SD) Granular Base/Asphait Conerete Surfacing Bitumen Bound Base/Double Bituminous Surface Treatment and Sand Seal (Surface Dressing - SD) Construction of Slurry Seals by manual methods Factors for converting numbers of axles to the equi Number of standard 80 kN(18000 Ib) axles Str gt eenesth PAGE 5 16 7 8 23