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Early evidences of the study of anatomy date back as early as the Stone Age. Cave
paintings were made (about 30,000 years ago) depicting simple knowledge of the
anatomy of animals. It is assumed that these cave dwellers utilized some of their
anatomical understanding to their own bodies[3].
The systematic study of anatomy was started by Greek scientists Alcmaeon and
Empedocles. Alcmaeon was the first person to perform human body dissection and
first to propose that the brain is the center of intelligence. Empedocles, on the other
hand, coined the word “pneuma” to which he believed is the “life and soul” flowing
through the blood vessels[3].
In Alexandria, Erasistratus and Herophilus made the first scientific studies designed
to discover the workings of human anatomy as they were the first to practice
human vivisection or the dissection of convicted criminals.[11]
Leonardo da Vincimade crude sketches showing various parts of the human body.
Such were sketches of the eye, optic nerves, and the brain. He also made a very
close picture of an unborn baby in the womb with the correct attachment by the
umbilical cord.
Mid-17th Century
20, 2016.
[3]– Carola, Robert. 1992. A Short History of Human Anatomy.
2014.
[6]– n.a.2016. HistoryofAnatomy 2016.
http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid
=aa05
[7]– n.a. 2007. “History of anatomy and physiology: The Renaissance and