applications with proper equipment COMMON FERTILIZERS: UREA Urea is the most widely used solid nitrogen fertilizer. It is usually applied as granules, though it is sometimes mixed with ammonium nitrate & dissolved in water to form a solution. Urea fertilizers deliver one of the highest amounts of nitrogen at 46 percent, with no phosphorus or potassium. On application, urea reacts with water to form ammonia, which makes the nitrogen in the fertilizer available to the crops.
UREA GRANULES No specific equipment required.
AMMONIUM NITRATE AMMONIUM SULFATE A solid fertilizer typically applied in A by-product derived from the waste granular form, ammonium nitrate provides generated by coke ovens, ammonium sulfate forms when sulfuric acid is used to substantial amounts of nitrogen to the soil. remove ammonia from the coal used to The Fertilizer Institute indicates that make coke. Ammonium sulfate is a solid ammonium nitrate is particularly effective material that contains 21 percent nitrogen. at fertilizing specialty crops such as citrus It’s solubility in water is very useful for the and pasture lands. Ammonium nitrate crops it is used on. typically provides 33 percent nitrogen. DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE (DAP) DAP is used as a fire retardant. Where soils do not have enough phosphorus, Diammonium Phosphate can provide significant amounts of this element, at around 46 percent. The ammonia component of diammonium phosphate also delivers around 18 percent nitrogen. Highly water soluble, diammonium phosphate is often applied in liquid form.
DAP GRANULES LIQUID FORM
MONO-AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE POTASSIUM NITRATE Another phosphorus fertilizer, mono- Potassium nitrate, a.k.a. Nitrate Of Potash, is ammonium phosphate (MAP) delivers even frequently used on vegetable crops including more phosphorus than diammonium celery, potatoes, leafy green vegetables, phosphate, at 48 percent. The amount of tomatoes and several fruit crops, according to nitrogen in fertilizer provides is somewhat less the Michigan State University Extension. The at 11 percent. The lower level of the Nitrogen nitrate component of this chemical fertilizer component of this fertilizer reduces the risk of works well with these crops. Potassium nitrate damage when applied to growth of nascent provides 44 percent potassium. seedlings. COMMON PESTICIDE: SULPHUR Sulphur is a fungicide, the oldest method of disease control. Inorganic Sulphur is used in the form of elemental Sulphur or as lime-Sulphur mixture. Elemental Sulphur can be in dust form or as wettable powder, the latter is used more commonly. However, the most popular fungicides in this gruoup are the organic compounds known as Dithio-carbamates. Some of the important chemicals under dithiocarbamates are thiram, ferbam, ziram, nabam, zineb and maneb. ▪ Thiram, a leading chemical for seed treatment for wheat, rice, gram, peas, mustard, etc. Also used in the control of foliage disease Pythium, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium and Protomyces. ▪ Ferbam has been used as protectant fungicide against a wide variety of fungal diseases of fruits and vegetables. ▪ Ziram is used against many foliar disease in field and orchard crops. ▪ Nabam is effective against leaf blights, early and late blight of potato and seedling blights. ▪ Zineb is effective as foliar spray against blight. ▪ Maneb is effective against bean anthracnose caused by Colletorrichum , fruit rot of chillies, and blights caused by Alternaria, Phytophthora and Cercospora on crops. ENDOSULFAN Endosulfan is an off-patent organochlorine insecticide and acaricide that is being phased out globally. Endosulfan became a highly controversial agrichemical due to its acute toxicity, potential for bioaccumulation, and role as an endocrine disruptor. Because of its threats to human health and the environment, a global ban on the manufacture and use of endosulfan was negotiated under the Stockholm Convention in April 2011 which was signed by more than 80 countries. It is still used extensively in India, China, and few other countries. ➢ FIELD SPRAYER: It is the most basic tool used to spray most pesticides, insecticides and fertilizers in the world of modern agriculture. For most cases, it is a back-mounted container with a battery pump, although manual and motorized versions are also available to the farmers according to their need.