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In steam turbines high pressure steam is directed into a series of blades or vanes
attached to a shaft, causing it
To rotate .This rotary motion is transferred to the propeller shaft by gear .Steam is
produced by boiling water in a boiler,
Which is fired by oil .Recent developments in steam turbines which have reduce fuel
consumption and raised power out put have made then more attractive as an alternative
to diesel power in ship. They are 50% lighter and on very large tankers some of the steam
can be used to drive the large cargo oil pumps. Turbines are often used in container ship,
which travel at high speed.
v Turbin uap,uap bertekanan tinggi pd torbin uap diarahkan keserangkaian sudu2 yg
terpasang pd sebuah poros menyebabkan rangkaian itu brputar.Uap dihasilkan oleh air
panas dlm sebuah ketel yg dinyalakan oleh b.bakar .Perkembangan2 terakhir terhadap
turbin uap yg mana mengurangi konsumsi b.bakar dan meningkatkan tenaga keluar
sbagai sebuah pilihan terhadap tenaga diesel di kpl.
Turbin2 uap 50% lebih ringan , dan pd bebrapa kpl tanker besar uap itu dpt digunakan
utk menjalankan pompa2 kargo diatas kpl.
Turbin2 ini juga digunakan kpl2 pti kemas yg maana bergerak dgn kecepatan tinggi .
III. ARRANGE THE DISORDERED WORDS BELLOW INTO RIGHT SENTENCES.
III.SHIPPING TERMS
1. LNG Carriers
→ Specialist ships designed to carry liquid natural
gas only
2. Middle Watch :
→ Is time duty at 08.00 to 24.00
3. Ice Breaker :
→ Ship designed for part bow for breaker ice.
4. Deratisation Certificate:
→ Certificate issued quarantine and healthy
officers
5. Turbine :
→ Propulsion power with change energy potential
to energy kinetic by steam
6. Quarter Master :
→ He is a rating ,deck department.
7. Effective Horsepower :
→ Thermo energy converted to be power shaft.
8. The Suiz Canal :
→ Direct line from middle east to eropa
NASKAH IV.
I. Join Logical Connective
1. Tankers usually operated as specialist vessel BUT Tankers sometimes operate as
tramps.
2. Multi deck vessel have tween decks ALSO twin deck help stowage.
3. The crew saved the ship and the cargo.
FRICTION 5
Whenever one moves another, A Force is set up which resists THE MOVOMENT,This
force, which we call friction,always opposes motion.it exists in every machine. it can be
reduced by lubrication but never completely removed. in general, the force opposing
motion is slightly greater before one surface starts moving over another surface than
after movement has started. This slightly greater force is called static friction. The force
which must be overcome to keep one surface moving over another is know as sliding
friction. Static friction is greater than sliding friction.
I. Bilamana suatu permukaan bergerak dg permukaan yg lain ada gaya suatu tahanan pda
pergesekan tsb.gaya ini biasa disebut dg gesekan,selalu pda gerak berlawanan.kejadian ini
selalu terjadi pd setiap permesinan.hal itu dp dikurangi dg pelumasan tetapi tdk
sepenuhnya dpdicegah.pd umunya gaya gerak bolak balik agakbaik sebelum pergerakan
permukaan dimulai antara yg satu dg yg lain kemudian terjadi pergerakaan pda
permukaan yg telah berlanjut.
Gaya seperti ini biasanya disebut gesekan statis gaya ini harus senantiasa dpt mengatasi
gesekan permukaan yg berlebihan seperti yg kita ketehui adalah gesekan meluncur
gesekan statis lebih baik pd geswekan meluncur.
Naskah IX TRANSLATE
1. mesin diesel dr sebuah silinder dimana sebuah torak dpt bergerak turun dan naik
- Diesel engine from a cylinder apiston can make
of move to go down and to up.
2. mesin mesin harus dirawat dgn teratur untuk menghindari kerusakan
-. Engine have to be taken care of consecutively to avoid the damage
3. pergerakan torak keatas menyebabkan tenaga gas dlm silinder
-. The movement of piston go up cause the gas pressure in cylinder
4. katup pengaman dipasang untuk menghindari kecelakaan dan kerusakan serius
-. Safety valve attached to avoid serios damage and accident
5. kecepatan di kurangi untuk menurunkan beban pd mesin.
- Speed lessening to degrade the burden of the engine.
IV.Logical Composition
29/10/04 – MT Boston –Greek fleg – Durban to Bombai – Crude oil – Mozambique and
Mombassa – Indian Ocean – India – 12 dais of voyage – 5 days unloading – 16/11/04
return.
# On oktober the twenty nine 2004, the mt boston under the greek flag leparted from
Durban to Bombay , with a cargo of crude oil , she colled oil, she colled at mozambigue
and Mombassa ,and than saited straight a cross the Indian ocean to India .her voyage
lasted twelve day of voyage, she spent five day un loading the cargo in Bombay and
begain her return voyage on sixteen November 2004
Definitions:
1. Passenger : A passenger ship has been designed to carry passengers, but some can
also carry small amounts of cargo.
2. General cargo ship : this freighter carries cargo in bags, boxes, crates or cargo coming
in pieces.
3. Dry bulk carrier : dry bulk cargo (grain,ore,coal,etc) is unpacked cargo of one commodity.
4. Tankers : carry liquids in bulk.
5. VLCC : A very large crude carrier, carries enormous quantities of crude oil.
6. Containers : are stowed in rows (a beam), bays (fore to after and riers (layers).
7. RORO : cargo is rolled on and rolled off the vessel by lorries, so no cargo handling
equipment is required.