Reference Labels

Below is a quick overview of how to label references in accordance with the ADAM style guide.

Reference Type Style Example

Book chapter [Editor_edition_Ch#_year] or [Tortora_13e_Ch12_2012]

[Editor_#e_Ch#_YYYY]

Book, whole [Editor_edition_year] or [Tortora_13e_2012] or [Smith_2010]

[Editor_#e_YYYY]

Conference- [Author_AbbreviatedTitle_year] [Khuri_IsotretinoinEffects_2013]

related materials [ASCO_NeckCancerRecurrence_2013]
(abstracts, posters,
proceedings)

Electronic [Source_AbbreviatedTitle_year] or [Medscape_ChronicPain_2013]

citation/website [Author_ AbbreviatedTitle_year] [Smith_EarWax_2015]

Guidelines [AuthorGuidelines_Abbreviated [NCCNGuidelines_Osteosarcoma_2013]

Title_Year]

Journal [Author_year] [Guyton_2005]

Journal article for [Author_ClinicalTrialName_year] [Hanauer_GEMINI3_2014]

clinical trial

Prescribing [DrugName_PI_MonthYear] or [Xyrem_PI_Aug2012]

information [DrugName_PI_MmmYYYY] For drugs of special type (eg, extended
release)
[XyremER_PI_Aug2012]
For draft PI
[Xyrem_PIDraft_Aug2012]

Report [Author_AbbreviatedTitle_year] [WMA_DeclarationHelsinki_2004]

Slide [Author/Company_Abbreviated [Pfizer_ParkingLotSafety_2011]

Title_year]

Unpublished [Author_year] [Silver_2013]

work/manual
 Video recording [Director/ExecutiveProducer_ [Spielberg_ET_1982]
Film/DVD AbbreviatedTitle_Year]

Video recording [Author/Company_Abbreviated [A.D.A.M._CoughReflex_2012]

Recording/eLearni Title_Year]
ngProgram

Different types of References

Journal or Periodicals
Mandatory fields:

 Author
 Year
 Article title
 Journal title
 Volume
 Page range or doi

Examples:

With all mandatory fields

{Chan_2012} Chan A, Low XH, Yap KY-L. Assessment of the relationship between adherence with
antiemetic drug therapy and control of nausea and vomiting in breast cancer patients receiving
anthracycline-based chemotherapy. J Manag Care Pharm 2012;18:385-394.

With all mandatory fields and issue number

{Wadhera_2010} Wadhera RK and Rajkumar SV. Prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of

undetermined significance: A systematic review. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010;85(10):933-942.

Without volume and page

{Jordan_2015} K. Jordan and F. Jahn and M. Aapro. Recent developments in the prevention of
Chemotherapyinduced nausea and vomiting (CINV): a comprehensive review. Ann Oncol. 2015;
doi:10.1093/annonc/mdv138.

With all mandatory fields and supplement

{Navari_2007} Navari RM. Overview of the updated antiemetic guidelines for chemotherapy-induced
nausea and vomiting. Commun Oncol 2007;4(suppl 1):3-11.

With all mandatory fields and usage of et al.

{Baecklund_2006} Baecklund E, Iliadou A, Askling J, et al. Association of chronic inflammation, not its
treatment, with increased lymphoma risk in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;54(3):692-701.

With all mandatory fields and extra page number

{Herr_2001} Herr KA, Garand L. Assessment and measurement of pain in older adults. Clin Geriatr
Med. 2001;17:457-478, vi.

With all mandatory fields except volume

{Flyvholm_2002} Flyvholm MA, Susitaival P, Meding B, et al. Nordic occupational skin

questionnaire—NOSQ-2002: nordic questionnaire for surveying work-related skin diseases on
hands and forearms and relevant exposure. TemaNord. April 2002:518.

{Keppel_2005} Keppel K, Pamuk E, Lynch J, et al. Methodologic issues in measuring health

disparities. Vital Health Stat 2. 2005;(141):1-16.

With all mandatory fields with part

{McCormick_2000} McCormick MC, Kass B, Elixhauser A, Thompson J, Simpson L. Annual report on

access to and utilization of health care for children and youth in the United States: 1999. Pediatrics.
2000;105(1, pt 3):219-230.

With all mandatory fields with issue and supplement

{Body_2003} Body JJ, Greipp P, Coleman RE, et al. A phase I study of AMGN-0007, a recombinant
osteoprotegerin construct, in patients with multiple myeloma or breast carcinoma related
metastases. Cancer. 2003;97(3)(suppl):887-892.

Abstract of a complete article taken from another publication:

Elner VM, Hassan AS, Frueh BR. Graded full-thickness anterior blepharotomy for upper eyelid
retraction [abstract taken from Arch Ophthalmol. 2004;122(1):55-60]. Arch Facial Plast Surg.
2004;6(4):277.

Rewritten abstract of a published article with an appended commentary

Bigby ME. The end of the sunscreen and melanoma controversy [abstract of Dennis LK, Beane
Freeman LD, VanBeek MJ. Sunscreen use and the risk for melanoma: a quantitative review. Ann
Intern Med. 2003;139(12):966-978].Arch Dermatol. 2004;140(6):745-746.

Abstract of a paper published in the society proceedings of a journal

 Fliesler SJ, Richards MJ, Peachey NS, Buchan B, Vaughan DK, Organisciak DT. Potentiation of retinal
light damage in an animal model of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome [ARVO abstract 3373]. Invest
Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001;42(suppl):S627.

Books (whole)
Mandatory fields:

 Author
 Year
 Book title
 Publisher
 Publisher location

Examples:

With all mandatory fields

{Shinton_2008} Shinton NK. Desk Reference for Hematology. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2008.

With all mandatory fields and edition

{Shinton_2e_2008} Shinton NK. Desk Reference for Hematology. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press;
2008.

With all mandatory fields and edition & Vol

{Shinton_2e_2008} Shinton NK. Desk Reference for Hematology. 2nd ed. Vol. 2. Boca Raton, FL: CRC
Press; 2008.

Book Chapters
Mandatory fields:

 Author
 Year
 Chapter title and number
 Book title
 Publisher
 Publisher location
 Page range

Examples:
With all mandatory author and editors same

{Goldman_25e_Ch185_2012} Goldman L, Schafer AI. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas. In: Goldman L, Schafer

AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 25th ed. Vol. 1. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2012:1257-
1271:chap 185.

{Harrisons_18e_Ch314_2012} Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J.
Introduction to the immune system. In: Haynes BF, Soderberg KA, Fauci AS, eds. Harrison’s Principles of
Internal Medicine (Online Version). 18th ed. New York, NY: Elsevier; 2012:chap 314. Available at:
http://accessmedicine.com/resourceTOC.aspx?resourceID=4. Accessed November 26, 2015.

{Brenner&Rector’s_9e_Ch40_2012} Delacroix SE, Wood CG, Jonasch E. Renal neoplasia. In: Taal MW,
Chertow GM, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Yu ASL, et al., eds. Brenner & Rector’s The Kidney. 9th ed.
Philadelphia, PA: Elesevier Saundera; 2012:1508-1535:chap 40.

{DeVita_9e_Ch93_2011} Linehan WM, Rini BI, Yang JC. Cancer of the kidney. In: DeVita VT, Lawrence TS,
Rosenberg SA, eds. DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg’s Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology. 9th ed.
Philadelphia, PA: Wolter Kluwer; 2011:1154-1160:chap 93.

Conference-related materials (abstracts, posters, proceedings)

Khuri FR, Lee JJ, Lippman SM, et al. Isotretinoin effects on head and neck cancer recurrence and
secondary primary tumors. In: Proceedings from the American Society of Clinical Oncology; May 31-June
3, 2003; Chicago, IL. Abstract 359.

Greenspan A, Eedekens M, Mahmoud R, Is there an increased rate of cerebrovascular events among

dementia patients? Poster presented at: 24th Congress of the Collegium Internationale Neuro-
Psychopharmacologicum (CINP); June 20-24, 2004; Paris, France.

{BristolMyersSquibb_Nivolumab_2013} Bristol Myers Squibb. Nivolumab (BMS-936558). Presented at:

Pediatric Subcommittee of the Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee; November 5, 2013.

Guidelines
The National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions. Multiple Sclerosis National Clinical Guideline
for Diagnosis and Management in Primary and Secondary Care. Washington, DC: Royal College of
Physicians; 2004.

{NCCNGuidelines_KidCanPat_2015} National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). NCCN Guidelines

for Patients®: Kidney Cancer. 2015. Available at:
http://www.nccn.org/patients/guidelines/kidney/index.html. Accessed November 6, 2015

Prescribing information
{Menostar_PI_Mar2007} Menostar (estradiol transdermal system) Prescribing Information. Bayer
Healthcare Pharmaceuticals. Wayne, NJ. March 2007

{Votrient_PI_Sep2015} Votrient (pazopanib tablets) Prescribing Information. Glaxo Smith Kline,

Research Triangle Park, NC. September 2015.

Report
{WMA_DeclOfHelsinki_2001}World Medical Association. Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for
medical research involving human subjects. Available at:
http://www.wma.net/en/30publications/10policies/b3/. Revised November 13, 2001. Accessed
February 27, 2004.

{Purdue_HYD3002_2014}

Slide
Pfizer. Pfizer 2012 Safety in the parking lot. Presented at: Pfizer’s Safety Issues Conference; April 9, 2011.

Unpublished work/manual
Silver A. How to become a rockstar, Justin Bieber style. Montreal, QC: Taimma Communications Inc.
August 25, 2012

Video recording
Ayers S. Terrorism: Medical Response [DVD]. Edgartown, MA: Emergency Film Group; 2002

Clinical Trials
{ClinicalTrials.gov_NCT00709995_2015} ClinicalTrials.gov. A study for participants with metastatic renal
cell carcinoma. 2015. Available at:
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00709995?term=NCT00709995&rank=1. Accessed November 13,
2015.

Supplementary material or appendix of some article or book

Add Supplementary Appendix or Data in title:

{Baecklund_SupplAppen_2006} Baecklund E, Iliadou A, Askling J, et al. Association of chronic

inflammation, not its treatment, with increased lymphoma risk in rheumatoid arthritis [Supplementary
Appendix]. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;54(3):692-701.

{Choueiri_SupplIndex_2015}
MSL Deck
{Jazz Pharm_FinalApprovMSLDeck_2014} Jazz Pharmaceuticals. MSL Deck. Medical scientific liaison Formatted: Font color: Auto
slide resource for hepatic veno-occlusive disease. March 5, 2014. Formatted: Font: Not Bold, Font color: Auto

Newspaper
{Wolfe_StarTruibune_May2004} Wolfe W. State’s mail-order drug plan launched. Minneapolis Star
Tribune. May 14, 2004:1B.

{Connolly_WashingtonPost_Apr2004} Connolly C. A small win for proponents of drug

importation. Washington Post. April 23, 2004:EO1.

News Release or Press Release

{JohnsHopkins_NewsRel_Sep2001} Hopkins response to FDA observations [news release]. Baltimore,

MD: Johns Hopkins Office of Communications and Public Affairs; September 7, 2001. Available at:
http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/ press/2001/SEPTEMBER/010907A.htm. Accessed February 26, 2004.

{FDA_Votrient_NewsRelease_Sep2013} Use this label in case of drug names.

{MerrellDowPharma_PatientBroch_1984} If you want to quit for good—your doctor can help [patient
brochure]. Kansas City, MO: Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals; 1984.
http://www.pmdocs.com/PDF/2023799793_9794_0.pdf. Accessed February 26, 2004.

Legal References
Legal references cited online contain the same basic information as legal references cited in print (US
Legal References), with the addition of the URL and the accessed date.

{FDA_OrphanDrug_1983} US Food and Drug Administration. The Orphan Drug Act. 1983.
http://www.fda.gov/orphan/oda.htm. Accessed December 6, 2005.

Slide deck by client- complete information is not available

{Tesaro_Guidelines_2015} Tesaro. Gudielines. Waltham, US; 2015
Government or Agency Bulletins
{Johnston_NationalSurvey_2003} Johnston LD, O'Malley PM, Bachman JG. Monitoring the Future:
National Survey Results on Adolescent Drug Use: Overview of Key Findings. Bethesda, MD: National
Institute on Drug Abuse, US Dept of Health and Human Services; 2003.

{USDHHS_HealthyPeople_2000} US Department of Health and Human Services. Maternal, infant, and

child health. In: Healthy People 2010. 2nd ed. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services;
2000.

{WHO_HealthReport_2002} World Health Organization. World Health Report 2002: Reducing Risk,
Promoting Healthy Life. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2002.

Patents
{OmniSonics_USPatent_2005} Rabiner RA, Hare BA, inventors; OmniSonics Medical Technologies Inc,
assignee. Apparatus for removing plaque from blood vessels using ultrasonic energy. US patent
6,866,670. March 15, 2005.

{AustSurgDes_EuroPatent_2005} James RG, inventor; Australian Surgical Design, James RG,

assignees. Surface preparation of an implant. European patent GB2412338. September 28, 2005.

Unpublished Material

Items Presented at a Meeting but Not Yet Published

{Durbin_RiskOfInjury_2002} Durbin D, Kallan M, Elliott M, Arbogast K, Cornejo R, Winston F. Risk of

injury to restrained children from passenger air bags. Paper presented at: 46th Annual Meeting of the
Association for the Advancement for Automotive Medicine; September 20, 2002; Tempe, AZ.

Material Accepted for Publication but Not Yet Published

{Carrau_InPress} Carrau RL, Khidr A, Crawley JA, Hillson EM, Davis JK, Pashos CL. The impact of
laryngopharyngeal reflux on patient-reported quality of life. Laryngoscope. In press.

Material Submitted for Publication but Not Yet Accepted

{Marman _Unpublished_2005} H. E. Marman, MD, unpublished data, January 2005.
Transcript of Television or Radio Broadcast or Youtube

Audiotapes, Videotapes, DVDs (Digital Video Disks)

Dictionary
{Dorland’s_32e_2012} Dorland. Dorland's Online Medical Dictionary. 32nd ed. Elsevier; 2012. Available
at: http://www.dorlands.com.

{Taber's_22e_2014} Taber's Medical Dictionary Online. 22nd ed. F.A. Davis Company; 2014. Available at:
http://www.tabers.com/tabersonline.

{Stedmans_28e_2013} Stedman T. Stedman’s Online Medical Dictionary. 2013; 28th ed. Available at:
http://www.stedmansonline.com.

{NCI_DictionaryCancerTerms_2015} National Cancer Institute. NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms. 2015.

Available at: http://www.cancer.gov/dictionary.

{Collins_Dictionary_2014} Collins. Collins Dictionary. 2014. Available at:

http://www.collinsdictionary.com/.

{Day_2e_Dictionary_2007} Day, S. Dictionary for Clinical Trials. 2007.

{Etym_Online_2014} Etym Online Dictionary. Online Etymology Dictionary. 2014. Available at:
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php.

{Drugs_Dictionary_2014} Drugs.com. Drugs.com. Available at: www.drugs.com.

{Merriam-Webster_2016} Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. 2016. Available at:

http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/.

{NCCN_Dictionary_2015} National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN Dictionary. 2015. Available

at: http://www.nccn.org/patients/resources/dictionary/. Accessed November 24, 2015

{Mosby’s_9e_2013} Mosby's Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing \& Health Professions. 9th ed. St. Louis,
MO: Elsevier Mosby.

Note:
 As a rule of thumb, if the book cover includes a particular name, include that name in the

reference label. For example, Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, is commonly referred to

as Harrison’s, but strictly using ADAM’s naming convention would have the following label

Longo_18e_Ch110_2012.

 If one project has two references with the same labels, as can happen with Journal articles,

include lower case letters to distinguish. For example: Guyton_2005a, Guyton_2005b.

 Label names for electronic citations can be long because they include author names and titles. A
rule of thumb, try limiting to 25 characters or less.