SOLAR POWERED SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEM

SYNOPSIS REPORT

Submitted

by

Vaibhav Dixit NITIISH KUMAR ANSHUL GUPTA

41096204915 40396204915 41796204915

AVINASH KUMAR JHA SHIVAM RAI

41196204915 40596204915

Guided by
MR. KUMAR GAURAV
Assoc. Professor

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DR. AKHILESH DAS GUPTA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND
MANAGEMENT
(AFFILIATED TO GURU GOBIND SINGH INDRAPRASTHA UNIVERSITY, DELHI)
NEW DELHI – 110053
FEBRUARY-2019
 ABSTRACT

With the water requirements in irrigation being large, there is a need for a smart irrigation system
that can save about 80% of the water. This prototype aims at saving time and avoiding problems
like constant vigilance. It also helps in water conservation by automatically providing water to the
plants/gardens depending on their water requirements. It can also prove to be efficient in
Agricultural fields, Lawns & Parks. As technology is advancing, there is always a chance of
reducing risks and making work simpler. Embedded and micro controller systems provide
solutions for many problems. This application precisely controls water system for gardens by using
a sensor micro controller system. It is achieved by installing sensor in the field to monitor the soil
temperature and soil moisture, which transmits the data to the microcontroller for estimation of
water demands of plants.
This project aims at making agriculture smart using automation and IoT technologies. The concept
can be enhanced by integrating GSM technology, such that whenever the water pump switches
ON/OFF, an SMS is delivered to the concerned person regarding the status of the pump. We can
also control the pump through SMS

Vaibhav Dixit NITIISH KUMAR ANSHUL GUPTA

41096204915 40396204915 417962rav04915

AVINASH KUMAR JHA SHIVAM RAI

41196204915 40596204915

(Signature of the Mentor)

Mr. Kumar Gaurav
Assoc. Professor
Introduction

The continuous increasing demand of food requires the rapid improvement in food
production technology. In a country like India, where the economy is mainly based on agriculture
and the climatic conditions are isotropic, still we are not able to make full use of agricultural
resources. The main reason is the lack of rains & scarcity of land reservoir water. The continuous
extraction of water from earth is reducing the water level due to which lot of land is coming slowly
in the zones of un-irrigated land. Another very important reason of this is due to unplanned use of
water due to which a significant amount of water goes to waste.
In modern drip irrigation systems, the most significant advantage is that water is supplied
near the root zone of the plants drip by drip due to which a large quantity of water is saved. At the
present era, the farmers have been using irrigation techniques in India through manual control in
which farmers irrigate the land at the regular intervals.
This process sometimes consumes more water or sometimes the water reaches late due to
which crops Get dried. Water deficiency can be detrimental to plants before visible wilting occurs.
Slowed growth rate, lighter weight fruit follows slight water deficiency. This problem can be
perfectly rectified if we create an automated irrigation mechanism which turns the pumping motor
ON and OFF on detecting the dampness content of the earth and detecting rain content through
rain sensor. In the domain of farming, utilization of appropriate means of irrigation is significant.
The benefit of employing these techniques is to decrease human interference and still make certain
appropriate irrigation. This automated irrigation project brings into play an Arduino board
ATmega328 micro-controller is programmed to collect the input signal of changeable dampness
circumstances of the earth via dampness detecting system.
Block Diagram

Hardware & Software requirement

 Microcontrollers
 Rechargeable Battery
 Solar Panel
 Water Pump
 Relay Module
 Temperature, moisture and Humidity sensor
 LCD
 Resistors, Capacitors, Diodes
 Embedded C Programming
 1.1
What is embedded system?
An Embedded System is a combination of computer hardware and software, and perhaps
additional mechanical or other parts, designed to perform a specific function. An embedded system
is a microcontroller-based, software driven, reliable, real-time control system, autonomous, or
human or network interactive, operating on diverse physical variables and in diverse environments
and sold into a competitive and cost conscious market.
Smart Irrigation System
This system monitors the amount of soil moisture and temperature. A predefined range of soil
moisture and temperature is set, and can be varied with soil type or crop type. In case the moisture
or temperature of the soil deviates from the specified range, the watering system is turned on/off.
In case of dry soil and high soil temperature, it will activate the irrigation system, pumping water
for watering the plants.

Literature review
In this paper, soil moisture sensor is placed in the root zone of plant/field. Temperature and
humidity sensor been used. The sensor sends information and transmits the data to the
microcontroller. An algorithm was developed to measure threshold value soil moisture sensor that
was programmed into a microcontroller to monitor the humidity content of the soil. This paper
designs a model of automatic irrigation system, which is based on microcontroller ATMEGA328.
Temperature and soil moisture sensors are placed in the field. Sensors sense the moisture content
of the soil and give the information to farmer through GSM Module. Farmer gets to know the
status of the pump installed in the field via GSM Module without going into the field. When the
moisture content reaches above the desired threshold value the pump automatically turns off and
the message is conveyed to the farmer.
1.0 OBJECTIVE

The objective of this project is to provide a combination of manual supervision and partial automation
and is similar to manual set-up in most respects but it reduces the labor involved in terms of Irrigation
design is simple, easy to install, microcontroller-based circuit to monitor and record the values of
temperature, humidity, soil moisture (Transistor circuit) that are continuously modified and controlled
in order optimize them to achieve maximum plant growth and yield.
Also, the use of easily available components reduces the manufacturing and. The design is quite
flexible as the software can be changed any time. It can thus be made to the specific requirements of
the user. This makes the proposed system to be an economical, portable and a low maintenance solution
for greenhouse applications, especially in rural areas and for small scale agriculturists.

ADVANTAGES
 Automation eliminates the manual operation of opening or closing valves.
 Possibility to change frequency of irrigation and fertigation processes and to optimize these
processe
 Adoption of advanced crop systems and new technologies, especially new crop systems that
are complex and difficult to operate manually.
 Use of water from different sources and increased efficiency in water and fertilizer use.
 System can be operated at night, water loss from evaporation is thus minimized.
 Irrigation process starts and stops exactly when required, thus optimizing energy
requirements.

DISADVANTAGES
 The systems can be very expensive.
 Self-help compatibility is very low with big-scale systems, which are very complex.
 Most automated irrigation systems need electricity.
For crops like rice we cannot use this same project because of excess need of water.

REFERENCES

[1] .Kim MK, Park JH, Cho YW. Current Trends and Industrial Strategies of IT Convergence. 1 Vol.
25. ETRI Electronic Communications Trend Report; Electronics and Telecommunications Research
Institute; Daejeon, Korea: Feb, 2010.

[2] . Yoo S, Kim J, Kim T, Ahn S, Sung J, Kim D. A2S: Automated Agriculture System Based on
WSN. Proceedings of ISCE 2007. IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics; Irving,
TX, USA. 20–23 June 2007

[3]. Lea-Cox JD, Kantor G, Anhalt J, Ristvey A, Ross DS. A Wireless Sensor Network for the
Nursery and Greenhouse Industry. Proceedings of Southern Nursery Association Research
Conference; Atlanta, GA, USA. 8–9 August 2007

[4]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_moisture_sensor

[5]. http://www.edgefxkits.com/automatic-irrigation-system-on-sensing-soil-moisture-content