Example Truss

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Cell["\<\
To ASEN 5007 students: upon downloading this Notebook, check it out \
by following this procedure.

1. Initialize by picking Kernel -> Evaluation -> Evaluate Initialization. \
This will
execute Cells 1-6, which are marked as initialization cells. Verify \
that the output
of the cells (produced by the test statements in blue) agree with the \
Notes.
2. Pick Cell 7 by clicking mouse on interior of cell. Execute by pressing \
<Shift-Enter>
on a Windows PC, or <Enter> on Mac. Check answers agree with Notes \
(Chapter 5)
3. Repeat for Cell 8. Check answers agree with Notes (Chapter 5) \
\>", \
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Cell["\<\
Cell 1: module to form element stiffness of two-dimensional \
two-node bar element in global coordinates.\
\>", "Text",
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"ElemStiff2DTwoNodeBar[{{x1_,y1_},{x2_,y2_}},{Em_,A_}] := Module[\n \
{c,s,dx=x2-x1,dy=y2-y1,L,Ke}, \n L=Sqrt[dx^2+dy^2]; c=dx/L; s=dy/L;\n \
Ke=(Em*A/L)* {{ c^2, c*s,-c^2,-c*s},\n { c*s, \
s^2,-s*c,-s^2},\n {-c^2,-s*c, c^2, s*c},\n \
{-s*c,-s^2, s*c, s^2}}; \n Return[Ke]\n ];\n",
StyleBox["Ke= ElemStiff2DTwoNodeBar[{{0,0},{10,10}},{100,2*Sqrt[2]}];\n\
Print[\"Numerical Elem Stiff Matrix:\"]; Print[Ke//MatrixForm];\nKe= \
ElemStiff2DTwoNodeBar[{{0,0},{L,L}},{Em,A}];\nKe=Simplify[Ke,L>0];\n\
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Cell 2: module to merge two-node bar element stiffness into the \
master stiffness matrix.\
\>", "Text",
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"MergeElemIntoMasterStiff[Ke_,eftab_,Kin_]:=Module[ {i,j,ii,jj,K=Kin}, \n \
For [i=1, i<=4, i++, ii=eftab[[i]];\n For [j=i, j<=4, j++, \
jj=eftab[[j]];\n K[[jj,ii]]=K[[ii,jj]]+=Ke[[i,j]] \n ]\n ]; \
Return[K]\n]; \n",
StyleBox["K=Table[0,{6},{6}];\nPrint[\"Initialized master stiffness matrix:\
\"];\nPrint[K//MatrixForm]\n\
Ke=ElemStiff2DTwoNodeBar[{{0,0},{10,10}},{100,2*Sqrt[2]}];\nPrint[\"Member \
stiffness matrix:\"]; Print[Ke//MatrixForm];\n\
K=MergeElemIntoMasterStiff[Ke,{1,2,5,6},K]; \nPrint[\"Master stiffness after \
member merge:\"];\nPrint[K//MatrixForm];",
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Cell["\<\
Cell 3: module to assemble master stiffness matrix of example \
truss.\
\>", "Text",
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Cell[TextData[{
"AssembleMasterStiffOfExampleTruss[]:= Module[{Ke,K=Table[0,{6},{6}]},\n \
Ke=ElemStiff2DTwoNodeBar[{{0,0},{10,0}},{100,1}];\n K= \
MergeElemIntoMasterStiff[Ke,{1,2,3,4},K]; \n \
Ke=ElemStiff2DTwoNodeBar[{{10,0},{10,10}},{100,1/2}];\n K= \
MergeElemIntoMasterStiff[Ke,{3,4,5,6},K];\n \
Ke=ElemStiff2DTwoNodeBar[{{0,0},{10,10}},{100,2*Sqrt[2]}];\n K= \
MergeElemIntoMasterStiff[Ke,{1,2,5,6},K]; \n Return[K]\n ]; \n",
StyleBox["K=AssembleMasterStiffOfExampleTruss[];\nPrint[\"Master stiffness \
of example truss:\"]; Print[K//MatrixForm];",
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Cell["\<\
Cell 4: modules to apply homogeneous, single-freedom displacement \
BCs on master stiffness and forces.\
\>", "Text",
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i=pdof[[k]]; \n For [j=1,j<=nk,j++, Kmod[[i,j]]=Kmod[[j,i]]=0];\n \
Kmod[[i,i]]=1];\n Return[Kmod]\n];\n\
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{i,k,np=Length[pdof],fmod=f}, \n For [k=1,k<=np,k++, i=pdof[[k]]; \
fmod[[i]]=0];\n Return[fmod]\n]; \n",
StyleBox["K=Array[Kij,{6,6}]; Print[\"Assembled master stiffness:\"]; \n\
Print[K//MatrixForm];\nK=ModifiedMasterStiffForDBC[{1,2,4},K];\n\
Print[\"Master stiffness modified for displacement B.C.:\"];\n\
Print[K//MatrixForm];\nf=Array[fi,{6}]; Print[\"Force vector:\"]; Print[f];\n\
f=ModifiedMasterForcesForDBC[{1,2,4},f];\nPrint[\"Force vector modified for \
displacement B.C.:\"]; Print[f];",
}], "Input",
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Cell["\<\
Cell 5: module to compute the internal force in a two-dimensional \
two-node bar element.\
\>", "Text",
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Cell[TextData[{
"IntForce2DTwoNodeBar[{{x1_,y1_},{x2_,y2_}},{Em_,A_},eftab_,u_]:= \n \
Module[ {c,s,dx=x2-x1,dy=y2-y1,L,ix,iy,jx,jy,ubar,e}, \n \
L=Sqrt[dx^2+dy^2]; c=dx/L; s=dy/L; {ix,iy,jx,jy}=eftab;\n \
ubar={c*u[[ix]]+s*u[[iy]],-s*u[[ix]]+c*u[[iy]],\n \
c*u[[jx]]+s*u[[jy]],-s*u[[jx]]+c*u[[jy]]};\n e=(ubar[[3]]-ubar[[1]])/L; \
Return[Em*A*e]\n];\n",
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{1,2,5,6},{0,0,0,0,0.4,-0.2}];\nPrint[\"Member int force (numerical):\"]; \
Print[N[p]];\np=IntForce2DTwoNodeBar[{{0,0},{L,L}},{Em,A},\n \
{1,2,5,6},{0,0,0,0,ux3,uy3}];\nPrint[\"Member int force (symbolic):\"]; \
Print[Simplify[p]];",
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Cell["\<\
Cell 6: module to get internal forces in members of example truss.\
\
\>", "Text",
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Cell[TextData[{
"IntForcesOfExampleTruss[u_]:= Module[{f=Table[0,{3}]},\n \
f[[1]]=IntForce2DTwoNodeBar[{{0,0},{10,0}},{100,1},{1,2,3,4},u];\n \
f[[2]]=IntForce2DTwoNodeBar[{{10,0},{10,10}},{100,1/2},{3,4,5,6},u];\n \
f[[3]]=IntForce2DTwoNodeBar[{{0,0},{10,10}},{100,2*Sqrt[2]},\n \
{1,2,5,6},u]; \n Return[f]\n]; \n",
StyleBox["f=IntForcesOfExampleTruss[{0,0,0,0,0.4,-0.2}];\nPrint[\"Internal \
member forces in example truss:\"];Print[N[f]",
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"];"
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Cell["\<\
f={0,0,0,0,2,1};
K=AssembleMasterStiffOfExampleTruss[];
Kmod=ModifiedMasterStiffForDBC[{1,2,4},K];
fmod=ModifiedMasterForcesForDBC[{1,2,4},f];
u=Simplify[Inverse[Kmod].fmod];
Print[\"Computed nodal displacements:\"]; Print[u];
f=Simplify[K.u];
Print[\"External node forces including reactions:\"]; Print[f];
p=Simplify[IntForcesOfExampleTruss[u]];
Print[\"Internal member forces:\"]; Print[p];\
\>", "Input",
CellFrame->True,
ImageRegion->{{-0, 1}, {0, 1}},
Cell["\<\
Cell 8: driver program for analysis of example truss, leaving \
forces at node 3 symbolic.\
\>", "Text",
CellFrame->True,
ImageRegion->{{-0, 1}, {0, 1}},
Cell["\<\
f={0,0,0,0,fx3,fy3};
K=AssembleMasterStiffOfExampleTruss[];
Kmod=ModifiedMasterStiffForDBC[{1,2,4},K];
fmod=ModifiedMasterForcesForDBC[{1,2,4},f];
u=Simplify[Inverse[Kmod].fmod];
Print[\"Computed nodal displacements:\"]; Print[u];
f=Simplify[K.u];
Print[\"External node forces including reactions:\"]; Print[f];
p=Simplify[IntForcesOfExampleTruss[u]];
Print[\"Internal member forces:\"]; Print[p];\
\>", "Input",
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Cell["Cell 9: for Exercise 5.7.", "Text",

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For [t=0,t<=1,t=t+1/5,
For [e=1,e<=Length[elenod],e++, {i,j}=elenod[[e]];
xyi=xynode[[i]];ui=unode[[i]];xyj=xynode[[j]];uj=unode[[j]];
p=AppendTo[p,Graphics[Line[{xyi+amp*t*ui,xyj+amp*t*uj}]]];
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Show[p,Axes->False,AspectRatio->Automatic];\
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Example Truss

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( Content-type: application/mathematica

This notebook can be used with any Mathematica-compatible

To get the notebook into a Mathematica-compatible application, do

For more information on notebooks and Mathematica-compatible

Notebook reader applications are available free of charge from

by following this procedure.

Cell["Cell 7: driver program to analyze example truss numerically.", "Text",

Cell["Cell 9: for Exercise 5.7.", "Text",

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