Chem f3 Question Bank

Understanding Integrated Science for the 21st Century (3rd Edition) – Form 3
Unit 13: Metals (New Questions in 2013)
True or False
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Tin is easier to be extracted than aluminium.

##T##
Skill assessed Marks
Understanding basic knowledge 1
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Silver ores can be easily identified by eyes because they look exactly the same as silver.

##F##
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Most metals are found in the form of elements in nature.

##F##
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Most elements found in nature are metals.

##T##
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Mercury and sulphur are non-metals.

##F##
© Aristo Educational Press Ltd 2013 1

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Calcium carbonate is a compound consisting of calcium, carbon and oxygen only.

##T##
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Both iron metal and iron oxide can be attracted by magnets.

##F##
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In the carbon reduction extracting lead from lead oxides, carbon will combine with the oxygen in the lead
oxides.

##T##
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Steam is a compound that consists of two elements, hydrogen and oxygen.

##T##
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Some table spoons are made of silver because silver is a good conductor of heat.

##F##

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Copper is a good conductor of electricity and is commonly used to make bulb filaments.

##F##
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The burning of charcoal is a chemical change.

##T##
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No alloy can conduct electricity.

##F##
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Brass is a compound made of zinc and copper.

##F##
Understanding concepts 1
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There are two different kinds of atoms in carbon steel.

##T##
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Carbon steel is the only alloy that contains carbon.


##F##
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Duralumin and titanium alloy can be used to make the bodies of aircrafts.

##T##
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Gold can be extracted from carat gold by panning.

##F##
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All space alloys are made in outer space.

##F##
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Recycling of motor car bodies can help conserve iron.

##T##
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In Hong Kong, the yellow waste separation bin is used for collecting metal waste.

##T##

Multiple Choice
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Which of the following ores contains copper?
A. Malachite
B. Galena
C. Bauxite
D. Haematitie

##A##
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Iron is seldom found free in nature because
A. it is very hard.
B. it forms compounds easily.
C. it is a good conductor of electricity.
D. it is malleable.

##B##
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Which of the following is NOT an element?
A. Hydrogen
B. Nitrogen
C. Duralumin
D. Carbon

##C##
Understanding concepts 2
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Which of the following compounds consist of oxygen?
(1) Iron oxide

(2) Water
(3) Sodium carbonate
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

##D##
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Which of the following is a non-metal?
A. Chromium
B. Magnesium
C. Sulphur
D. Nickel

##C##
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Which of the following statements about carbon and carbon dioxide is correct?
A. Both of them are elements.
B. Both of them are compounds.
C. Both of them are solids.
D. Neither of them contains metal.

##D##
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A mixture of iron powder and sulphur powder is heated with a non-luminous Bunsen flame. Which of the
following statements is correct?

(1) The mixture glows on heating.

(2) Carbon dioxide is produced.
(3) The solid product formed cannot be attracted by a magnet.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

##B##
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Which of the following will be formed in the reaction?
heating
copper oxide + carbon ?
A. copper
B. copper + carbon dioxide
C. copper carbonate
D. copper carbonate + carbon dioxide

##B##
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Element X is shiny. It is a liquid that can conduct electricity at room temperature. Element X is likely to be
A. diamond.
B. gold.

C. magnesium.
D. mercury.

##D##
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A substance is black and can conduct electricity. It can be broken down into small pieces easily. It is most
likely to be
A. charcoal.
B. lead.
C. graphite.
D. carbon powder.

##C##
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The melting points of three elements are shown as below.
Element Melting point (C)
X –190
Y 30
Z 1085
Which element(s) is/are most likely metal(s)?

A. X only
B. Z only
C. X and Y only
D. Y and Z only

##B##
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Which of the following does NOT consist of carbon?

A. Diamond
B. Graphite
C. Stainless steel
D. Calcium chloride

##D##
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Which of the following correctly matches an element with its chemical symbol?
Element Chemical symbol
A. Magnesium M
B. Sodium Na
C. Iron Ir
D. Oxygen Ox

##B##
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The chemical symbols of calcium and chlorine are
A. Ca and Cl.
B. Ca and C.
C. Cl and Ch.
D. Cl and Ox.

##A##
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Which of the following statements about the melting of gold is/are correct?

(1) It is a physical change.

(2) It occurs at high temperature.
(3) It is a step in the extraction of gold.
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (2) only
D. (2) and (3) only

##C##
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What happens when a piece of magnesium ribbon is burnt in air?
A. It burns with a lot of black smoke to give a silvery solid.
B. It burns with a bright white light to give a silvery solid.
C. It burns with a lot of black smoke to give a white solid.
D. It burns with a bright white light to give a white solid.

##D##
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Lead can be extracted by heating lead oxide with
A. tin.
B. carbon.
C. oxygen.
D. copper.

##B##


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A mixture of lead oxide and carbon is heated. Which of the following will be formed?
A. Lead and carbon
B. Lead and carbon dioxide
C. Solder and carbon
D. Solder and carbon dioxide

##D##
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Carbon dioxide is a gas at room temperature because
A. it is a compound.
B. it consists of oxygen.
C. it has a low melting point.
D. it has a low boiling point.

##D##
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The table below shows the densities and relative strengths of the four different metals. Which of the
metals is most suitable for building the bodies of spacecrafts?
Density (g/cm3) Relative strength
A. 7.9 4
B. 4.5 7
C. 8.9 2
D. 7.3 3
(Note: The higher the number, the higher is the strength of metals.)

##B##


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Which of the following properties should the metal used to make soft drink cans possess?
(1) Non-toxic
(2) High conductivity of electricity
(3) Highly malleable
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

##B##
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Copper is suitable for making kettles because it is
(1) ductile.
(2) a good conductor of heat.
(3) a good conductor of electricity.
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (2) only
D. (2) and (3) only

##B##

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Tungsten is used to make filaments in light bulbs because
(1) it is ductile.
(2) it has a high melting point.
(3) it is a good conductor of heat.
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (2) only
D. (2) and (3) only

##C##
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Which of the following CANNOT be extracted from metal ores?
A. Copper
B. Bronze
C. Iron
D. Sodium

##B##
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Which of the following factors should be considered when choosing a metal for making electrical wires?
(1) Electrical conductivity of the metal
(2) Malleability of the metal

(3) Price of the metal

A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only

##C##
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Which of the following statements about stainless steel are correct?
(1) It is stronger than iron.
(2) It is more resistant to corrosion than iron.
(3) It is cheaper than iron.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

##A##
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Which of the following metals is NOT a composition of duralumin?
A. Aluminium
B. Tin
C. Magnesium
D. Manganese

##B##
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Alloy X is made by mixing three metals. The information of the three metals is shown in the table below.

Metal Colour
Gold Golden yellow
Silver Silver
Copper Brown
(a) What is alloy X?
A. Brass
B. Bronze
C. Coinage metal
D. Carat gold

(b) What is the colour of alloy X?
A. Golden yellow
B. Silver
C. Brown
D. Green

(c) Which of the following objects are usually made from alloy X?
(1) Rings (2) Musical instruments (3) Ornaments
A. (1) and (2) only

B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)

##D, A, B##
(a)-(c) Understanding basic knowledge 6

Short Question
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Peter is using a key to classify six elements: carbon, mercury, zinc, copper, sulphur and oxygen.
elements
metals non-metals
brown silvery colourless gas dull solids
solid liquid black yellow
A B C D E F
Identify A to F. (6 marks)
A: ______________ B: ______________ C: ______________
D: ______________ E: ______________ F: ______________
##
A: copper; B: zinc; C: mercury; D: oxygen; E: carbon; F: sulphur (6m)
##
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The following shows the process used to extract metal X from its ore.
crushing carbon reduction

metal X + gas Y
galena
(a) Which of the above steps only involves physical change? Explain your answer. (2 marks)
(b) What is metal X? (1 mark)
(c) What is gas Y? (1 mark)

(d) With reference to (b) and (c), write a word equation to represent the process of carbon reduction.
(2 marks)
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(a) Crushing. There is no new substance formed in this step. (2m)
(b) Lead (1m)
(c) Carbon dioxide (1m)
(d) lead oxide + carbon carbon reduction
lead + carbon dioxide (2m)
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(a)-(d) Understanding basic knowledge 6
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Oxides of three metals (copper, iron and aluminium) are heated separately with carbon powder. The results
are shown below.
Metal oxide Observation
I Brown solid is formed
II No change
Silvery solid is formed. The solid can be
III
attracted by magnets.
Identify the metal oxides I, II and III. (3 marks)
I: ______________ II: ______________ III: ______________
##
I: copper oxide; II: aluminium oxide; III: iron oxide (3m)
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Consider the following change.
heating
X + carbon carbon dioxide
(a) What is X? (1 mark)
(b) Is the above change a physical or chemical change? Explain your answer. (2 marks)
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(a) X is oxygen. (1m)

(b) It is a chemical change since a new substance (carbon dioxide) is formed during the change. (2m)
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(a)-(b) Understanding basic knowledge 3
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An alloy is labelled as follows.
‘Au/Ag/Cu’
(a) What are the constituent metals of the alloy? (3 marks)
(b) Name the alloy. (1 mark)
(c) State one common use of the alloy. (1 mark)
##
(a) Gold, silver and copper (3m)
(b) Carat gold (1m)
(c) Ornaments / coins (1m)
##
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Johnny wants to carry out an experiment to observe the burning of magnesium in air. He also wants to collect
all residue produced in the experiment.
(a) What apparatuses should Johnny use to hold the magnesium and the residue respectively? (2 marks)

(b) State ONE safety precaution that Johnny has to take in the experiment. (1 mark)
(c) What substance is likely to react with magnesium in the experiment? (1 mark)
(d) Write down the appearance of the residue. (1 mark)
(e) Is the burning of magnesium a physical change or a chemical change? Explain your answer. (2 marks)
##
(a) He should use tongs to hold magnesium and use deflagrating spoon to hold residue. (2m)
(b) Do not look at the burning magnesium directly. (1m)
(c) Oxygen (1m)
(d) A white solid (1m)
(e) It is a chemical change since a new substance (white solid) is formed during the change. (2m)
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(a), (b) Practical skills 3
(c)-(e) Understanding basic knowledge 4
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As shown in the diagram below, an alloy consists of three kinds of atoms.
atom W
atom X
atom Y
(a) Can the alloy be carbon steel? Explain your answer. (2 marks)
(b) Can carbon reduction be used to extract metal W from the alloy? Briefly explain your answer.(2 marks)

##
(a) No. Because this alloy contains three kinds of atoms while there are only two kinds of atoms in carbon
steel. (2m)
(b) No, this is because carbon reduction cannot remove atoms X or Y from the alloy. (2m)
##
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Thomas carries out an experiment to compare the heat conductivities of different metals. The set up is as
shown below. For each metal rod, a pin is fixed on its end with wax. A Bunsen flame is used to heat the other
ends of these metal rods and the time for each pin to fall is recorded.
Write down the variables involved in the experiment. (4 marks)

Controlled variable(s) Independent variable(s) Dependent variable(s)
##
Controlled variable(s) Independent variable(s) Dependent variable(s)
The diameters of metal rods The time it takes for the pin to
The type of metal
The lengths of metal rods fall off
(4m)
##
Science skills 4
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A picture below shows a cooking spatula commonly used in barbecue.

plastic
steel
(a) According to the picture, suggest TWO properties of steel that make it suitable for making cooking
spatula. (2 marks)
(b) Why should the handle of the cooking spatula be made of plastic? (1 mark)
(c) Why is iron NOT desirable for making cooking spatula? (1 mark)
##
(a) Steel is malleable and has high melting point. (2m)
(b) Plastic is a poor conductor of heat. (1m)
(c) Iron corrodes easily. (1m)
##
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Mary uses the following experimental set-ups to compare the heat conductivities of copper and iron. However,
her teacher tells her that the test is not fair.
water water
(200 cm3) (50 cm3)
copper plate iron plate

(thickness: 1 cm) (thickness: 3 cm)

(a) Suggest how Mary can make her experiment a fair test. (4 marks)
(b) What can Mary measure to compare the heat conductivity of the two metals? (2 marks)
##
(a) Add same volume of water in the beakers and use metal plates of the same thickness. (4m)
(b) The temperature change of water/the volume of water remained in a fixed period of time (2m)
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(a)-(b) Science skills 6
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With the properties of stainless steel, explain why the stainless steel outdoor chairs have the following
advantages.
(a) You feel cool when you sit on the chair. (2 marks)
(b) The chairs remain shiny after a few years. (2 marks)
##
(a) Stainless steel is a good conductor of heat. Heat from you is transferred away quickly through the
chair. (2m)
(b) Stainless steel is very resistant to corrosion. (2m)
##
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In each of the following cases, explain why the metal is not suitable for making the object.
(a) Copper is not used to make filaments in light bulbs. (1 mark)

(b) Aluminium is not used to make car bodies. (1 mark)
(c) Magnesium is not used to make barbecue fork. (1 mark)
##
(a) Copper does not glow when electricity is passing through it. (1m)
(b) Aluminium is too soft for making car bodies. (1m)
(c) Magnesium burns in air. (1m)
##
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The properties and prices of three metals are given in the table below.
Metal Density (g/cm3) Strength Price
A 7.9 6 1
B 11.3 2 2
C 2.7 4 2
(Note: The higher the number, the higher is the strength and price of metals)
(a) Which of the above metals is the most suitable for making the bodies of motor cars? Explain briefly.
(2 marks)
(b) Why is it difficult to make an alloy of metal B and metal C? (2 marks)
(c) Under what condition can people make the alloy of metal B and metal C? (1 mark)
##
(a) Metal A. This is because metal A is the strongest and cheapest. (2m)
(b) They have large difference in their densities. Molten metal C will float on the top of molten metal B and
it is difficult to mix them up. (2m)
(c) The alloy of metal B and metal C can be made in a state of weightlessness. (1m)
##

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There is a solid mixture of copper powder and tin powder. The melting points of copper and tin are 1085 C
and 232 C respectively. When the mixture is heated to 300 C, the two metals can be separated easily. When
the mixture is heated to 1100 C, the two metals combine to form a uniform liquid. The liquid is then cooled
to give a solid X.
(a) Explain why the two metals can be separated easily when the mixture is heated to 300 C. (2 marks)
(b) Name solid X. (1 mark)
(c) Compare the melting point of copper and that of solid X. (1 mark)
##
(a) At 300 C, tin will be melted and become a liquid while copper is still a solid. By collecting the flowing
tin, the two metals can be separated easily. (2m)
(b) It is bronze. (1m)
(c) Solid X (bronze) has a higher melting point than copper. (1m)
##
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Substance X is a silvery and shiny liquid at 25 C. It is a good conductor of electricity. The volume of liquid
X increases greatly when it is heated.
(a) Is substance X more likely a metal or a non-metal? Explain your answer. (3 marks)
(b) Suggest ONE common use of substance X. Explain why it is suitable for this use. (2 marks)
##
(a) It is more likely a metal because it is shiny and can conduct electricity. (3m)
(b) It can be used as the liquid column in thermometers. This is because its volume will increase greatly
when it is heated. (2m)
##

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Substance X is a yellow solid and a poor conductor of heat. It can be hammered into powder easily.
(a) Can X be used to make electrical wires? Suggest TWO reasons. (3 marks)
(b) What can substance X be? Suggest ONE example. (1 mark)
(c) Comment on the melting point and density of the substance you mentioned in (b). (2 marks)
##
(a) No. X is a non-metal. It is a poor conductor of electricity. It is not malleable or ductile. (3m)
(b) Sulphur (1m)
(c) It has low melting point and low density. (2m)
##
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Alloy W is made by mixing metal X and metal Y. W is commonly used for welding electronic parts. X has a
much higher density than Y. Metal Y can be mixed with metal Z to make bronze. According to the above
information, identify W, X, Y and Z.
(4 marks)
W: ______________ X: ______________ Y: ______________ Z: ______________
##
W: solder X: lead Y: tin Z: copper (4m)
##
|!|3eESB0134002050|!|
Some properties of four different metals are shown below.
Metal Density (g/cm3) Melting point (C)
A 11.34 327
B 7.14 419
C 2.70 660
D 7.87 1538
(a) Which two metals cannot be mixed to form an alloy in normal condition? Explain your answer.
(2 marks)

(b) Suggest a way to make an alloy from the two metals you mentioned in part (a). (2 marks)
##
(a) Metals A and C cannot be mixed to form an alloy in normal condition. This is because metal A has a
much higher density than metal C. Molten A will always sink to the bottom and molten C will always
float on the top. They cannot be mixed in normal condition. (2m)
(b) They can be mixed in the state of weightlessness. (2m)
##
(a)-(b) Handling information 4
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A student wants to find out whether metal rulers can help in the cooling of hot water. The set-up is shown as
follow. He pours hot water into two containers, X and Y, and places them in a laboratory.
metal ruler
Container X Container Y
The graph below shows how the temperature of water in each container changes with time.
Temperature (C)
100
Graph II
Graph I
120
0 Time (min)
(a) Suggest TWO controlled variables in the experiment. (2 marks)
(b) Which graph represents the change of water temperature in container Y? Explain your answer.(3 marks)

##
(a) Volume of hot water, shape and volume of the container (2m)
(b) Graph I. Metals are good conductor of heat. In container Y, the metal rulers conduct heat away from the
hot water. As a result, the water in container Y loses heat faster. (3m)
##
(a) Understanding basic knowledge 2
(b) Handling information 3

Long Question
|!|3eELA0134003022|!|
Copper will slowly acquire a dull green coating in moist air. This is because its top layer reacts with some
gases in air. The green substance is known as copper carbonate. It appears on the surfaces of objects made of
brass or bronze.
copper
carbonate
In fact, copper carbonate can be changed back to copper through the following steps.
step I step II
copper carbonate copper oxide copper + carbon dioxide
(a) Is copper carbonate an element or a compound? Explain your answer. (2 marks)
(b) Why can copper carbonate be found on the surfaces of objects made of brass or bronze? (2 marks)
(c) Explain whether step I is a physical change or a chemical change. (2 marks)
(d) Describe the procedure when carrying out step II in the laboratory. (2 marks)
(e) Why is it important to change copper carbonate back to copper? (2 marks)
##
(a) It is a compound since it consists of different kinds of atoms (copper, carbon and oxygen). (2m)
(b) Copper is the constituent metal of brass and bronze. (2m)
(c) It is a chemical change because a new substance, copper oxide, is formed in step I. (2m)
(d) Mix the copper oxide with carbon powder in a crucible and strongly heat the mixture. (2m)
(e) Changing copper carbonate back to copper can recover valuable metal resource. (2m)
##


(a)-(e) Understanding basic knowledge 10
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The table below shows some properties of five different elements.
Element Density (g/cm3) Melting point (C) Relative electrical conductivity
Aluminium 2.7 660 3
Bromine 3.1 7.2 cannot conduct electricity
Copper 8.9 1085 5
Iron 7.9 1538 3
Sulphur 2.0 115 cannot conduct electricity
(Note: The higher the number, the higher is the electrical conductivity of metals)
(a) Briefly describe what an element is. (1 mark)
(b) Which of the above elements is a liquid at room temperature (25 C)? Explain your answer. (2 marks)
(c) Which of the above elements are metals? Explain your answer. (3 marks)
(d) Which of the above metals is the most abundant in the Earth’s crust? (1 mark)
(e) The metal mentioned in (d) is not the first metal used by human. Briefly explain why. (2 marks)
##
(a) An element is a substance that is made up of only one kind of atom. (1m)
(b) Bromine. Its melting point is lower than the room temperature. (2m)
(c) Aluminium, copper and iron are metals. They have high melting points and can conduct electricity.
(3m)
(d) Aluminium (1m)
(e) Most aluminium found in the Earth’s crust is in the form of compounds in its ores. It is difficult to extract
aluminium from its ores. (2m)
##

(a), (d), (e) Understanding basic knowledge 4

(b), (c) Handling information 5
|!|3eELA0134002024|!|
The table below shows some information about duralumin and copper.
Duralumin Copper
Density (g/cm3) 2.8 8.9
Relative electrical conductivity 3 5
Relative price 2 5
(Note: The higher the number, the higher is the electrical conductivity and price of metals)
(a) What are the constituent metals in duralumin? (4 marks)
(b) Describe how solid duralumin is formed from its constituent metals. (3 marks)
(c) Give TWO reasons to explain why most overhead power cables are made of duralumin, rather than
copper. (2 marks)
(d) Besides making overhead power cables, suggest another use of duralumin. Also explain why duralumin
is suitable for this use. (2 marks)
##
(a) Aluminium, copper, magnesium and manganese (4m)
(b) The constituent metals are heated and melted first. The molten metals are then mixed to get a uniform
mixture. Finally, the mixture is cooled down and the solid alloy is obtained. (3m)
(c) Duralumin has lower density and price. (2m)
(d) It can be used to make aircraft bodies. This is because duralumin is very strong. (2m)
##
|!|3eELA0134002025|!|
The following diagram shows how the lead atoms and tin atoms arrange during the production of solder.

Lead atom
I
II III
I
Tin atom
(a) What are procedures I, II and III? (3 marks)
(b) State ONE common use of solder. (1 mark)
(c) State ONE property of solder that makes it suitable for the use mentioned in (b). (1 mark)
(d) When we make solder in the laboratory, we must carry out the experiment inside a fume cupboard.
Explain why. (1 mark)
##
(a) They are melting, mixing and cooling respectively. (3m)
(b) Welding (1m)
(c) Solder has a low melting point. (1m)
(d) Lead vapour is toxic. (1m)
##
(d) Practical skills 1
|!|3eELB0134002026|!|
The picture below shows the structure of a new material called ‘foam steel’. Although foam steel is not as
good as steel in conducting electricity, it has the same strength of steel. It can be used to make the bodies of
cars.

(a) Name the two constituent elements of foam steel. (2 marks)
(b) How is foam steel made? Briefly state any necessary condition. (3 marks)
(c) Explain why foam steel is not as good as steel in conducting electricity. (2 marks)
(d) Give ONE advantage of foam steel over steel in making the bodies of cars. (1 mark)
(e) Suggest ONE reason why foam steel is not widely used. (1 mark)
##
(a) Iron and carbon (2m)
(b) Foam steel is made under a state of weightlessness. Gas bubbles are injected into molten steel uniformly
before the molten steel is cooled down. (3m)
(c) The insulating gas inside foam steel reduces its electrical conductivity. (2m)
(d) The density of foam steel is lower than that of steel. (1m)
(e) Foam steel is expensive. (1m)
##
|!|3eELA0134003027|!|
The picture below shows a mining site of haematite.

slope mine
open mine
ore
(a) What metal can be extracted from haematite? (1 mark)
(b) Write a word equation to represent the process of carbon reduction of the metal oxide in haematite.
(4 marks)
(c) Suggest a necessary condition for carrying out carbon reduction. (1 mark)
(d) Is carbon reduction a physical or chemical method of extraction? Explain your answer. (2 marks)
(e) According to the above figure, suggest TWO environmental problems that may be caused by the mining
of haematite. (2 marks)
##
(a) Iron (1m)
(b) Iron oxide + carbon  iron + carbon dioxide (4m)
(c) High temperature (1m)
(d) It is a chemical method because there are new substances (e.g. carbon dioxide) formed after the process.
(2m)
(e) Firstly, the mining of haematite leaves large holes in the ground. This causes the destruction of natural
habitats. Secondly, the extraction process requires a large amount of energy from burning fuels. The
burning process produces a lot of air pollutants. (2m)
##


(e) Handling information 2
|!|3eELA0134002028|!|
In each of the following cases, state and explain whether the alloy is suitable for making the object.
(a) Alloy: steel (2 marks)
Object: kitchen foil
(b) Alloy: duralumin Object: fish sinker (2 marks)
(c) Alloy: titanium alloy Object: glass frame (2 marks)
(d) Alloy: solder (2 marks)

Object: cooking utensil
##
(a) It is not suitable because steel is too hard and not flexible. (2m)
(b) It is not suitable because the density of duralumin is too low. (2m)
(c) It is suitable because titanium alloy has low density and is very strong. (2m)
(d) It is not suitable because the melting point of solder is too low. (2m)
##

|!|3eELB0134003029|!|
The diagram below shows a machine in a recycling factory. When it is working, a mixture of metals (iron,
copper and aluminium) is put into the machine and the mixture will then go through two conveyor belts, X
and Y.
Mixture
of metals Start
Belt X
Magnets
Belt Y
Bin A Bin B
(a) State and explain which metal can be collected in bin A? (3 marks)
(b) When aluminium is separated from the mixture, it is further processed to make soft drink cans. Describe
the necessary steps involved. (3 marks)
(c) Which type of alloy can be made when the metal(s) collected in bin B is/are melted and mixed with
magnesium and manganese? (1 mark)
(d) Suggest ONE use of the alloy mentioned in (c). (1 mark)
##
(a) Iron can be collected in bin A. Since iron is attracted by the magnets in belt X, it will not drop into bin
B, but will move along the belt and drop into bin A. (3m)
(b) The aluminium is first melted. The molten aluminium is cooled and moulded into a brick shape. Then
the aluminium brick is pressed into sheets. Finally, the aluminium is made into new soft drink cans.
(3m)
(c) Duralumin (1m)
(d) It is used to make the bodies of aircrafts. (1m)

##
(a), (c) Handling information 4
(b), (d) Understanding basic knowledge 4
|!|3eELB0134001030|!|
Mary conducts two experiments to investigate the properties of four different materials, A, B, C and D. The
set-ups and results are shown as below.
Experiment 1
Set-up: Results:
Material Brightness of the light bulb
Material
A Dim
B Very bright
C Does not light up
D Bright
Experiment 2
Set-up: Results:
Material Temperature (C)

Material A
Material B
Material C
Material D
Lamp Temperature
sensor Time (s)
(a) What property of the materials is being investigated in experiment 1? (2 marks)
(b) State TWO controlled variables (about the materials) for experiment 1. (2 marks)
(c) Arrange the four materials in descending order of the property mentioned in (a). (1 mark)
(d) What property is being investigated in experiment 2? (2 marks)

(e) Arrange the four materials in descending order of the property mentioned in (d) and explain your answer.
(2 marks)
(f) Could material C be graphite? Explain your answer. (3 marks)
##
(a) Electrical conductivity (2m)
(b) Length and thickness of the material (2m)
(c) B, D, A, C (1m)
(d) Heat conductivity (2m)
(e) A, B, C, D. This is because the larger the slope of the graph in experiment 2, the higher is the heat
conductivity of the material. (2m)
(f) No, material C could not be graphite. According to the results of experiment 1, material C is not an
electrical conductor. However, graphite can conduct of electricity. This is why material C is not graphite.
(3m)
##
(a)-(f) Science skills 12
Short Question
|!|3eESA0133902001|!|
Complete the following table with the substances below:
‘water, lead sulphide, hydrogen, copper, mercury, carbon dioxide’
Physical state Element Compound
Solid
Liquid
Gas
(6 marks)
##
Physical state Element Compound
Copper Lead sulphide

Solid
Liquid Mercury Water

Gas Hydrogen Carbon dioxide
(6m)
##
|!|3eESA0133902002|!|
A chemical change is a change in which one or more new substances are formed. Give the new substances
formed from the following chemical changes.
(a) Corrosion of iron
(1 mark)
(b) Mixing an acid and an alkali

(2 marks)
(c) Burning magnesium in the Bunsen flame

(1 mark)
(d) Respiration in plant or animal cells

(2 marks)
##
(a) Rust
(1m)
(b) Salt and water
(2m)
(c) Magnesium oxide
(1m)
(d) Carbon dioxide and water
(2m)
##

|!|3eESA0133902003|!|
(a) The properties of a compound are very often quite different from those of its constituent elements. State
two differences in properties between iron and iron sulphide. (2 marks)
(b) Suggest a method to separate a mixture of iron powder and iron sulphide.
(2 marks)
##
(a) Iron is a shiny solid while iron sulphide is a dull black powder. Furthermore, iron is magnetic while iron
sulphide is not.
(2m)
(b) Use a magnet bar to attract iron powder from the mixture.
(2m)
##
(b) Practical skills 2
|!|3eESA0133902004|!|
Ms Chan : Can you suggest an example of physical changes?
John : When a gas dissolves in water, it must show a physical change.
Ms Chan : I’m sorry. I can’t agree with you.
(a) What is a physical change? Give an example.
(2 marks)
(b) By using a suitable example, explain why John has made a wrong statement.
(2 marks)
##
(a) A physical change is a change in which no new substance is formed. (any reasonable example)
(2m)
(b) When carbon dioxide dissolves in water, carbonic acid is formed./
When sulphur dioxide dissolves in rainwater, acid rain is formed.
(2m)

##
(a) Understanding concepts 2
(b) Understanding basic knowledge 2
|!|3eESA0133902005|!|
(a) Name two metals that can exist in the form of element state in the earth’s crust. (2
marks)
(b) Which metal is in liquid state under room temperature and pressure?
(1 mark)
##
(a) gold and silver
(2m)
(b) mercury
(1m)
##
|!|3eESA0133902006|!|
Which of the following are physical changes? Which are chemical changes?
(a) boiling of water to steam __________________________
(1 mark)
(b) bumping of carbon dioxide into lime water __________________________ (1
mark)
(c) dissolving the sugar into water __________________________
(1 mark)
(d) heating of lead oxide with carbon __________________________
(1 mark)
(e) iron corroding to form rust __________________________
(1 mark)
##
(a) physical change
(1m)
(b) chemical change

(1m)
(c) physical change
(1m)
(d) chemical change
(1m)
(e) chemical change
(1m)
##

|!|3eESA0133902007|!|
(a) What is a physical change? Give an example.
(2 marks)
(b) What is a chemical change? Give an example.

(2 marks)
##
(a) A physical change involves the changes in the properties of a substance without changing the identity
of the substance. The substance only changes in appearance, volume, position or physical state. (any
sensible example)
(2m)
(b) A chemical change involves the changes in identity of substance of which the new substances formed
with totally different properties are produced. (any sensible example)
(2m)
##
|!|3eESA0133902008|!|
Carbon Oxygen

Chlorine Platinum
Nitrogen Sodium
Iron Sulphur
Lead Zinc
(a) Which of the above elements are non-metals?
(5 marks)
(b) Which of the above elements usually exist in the form of gas at room temperature?
(3 marks)
##
(a) Carbon, chlorine, nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur.
(5m)
(b) Chlorine, nitrogen and oxygen.
(3m)
##
|!|3eESA0133902009|!|
(a) What elements are the following compounds composed of?
1. carbon dioxide
2. carbon monoxide
3. table salt
4. pure water
5. copper sulphate (solid)
6. diamond
(6 marks)
(b) Which of the above is a toxic gas?
(1 mark)
##
(a)
1. carbon dioxide Carbon, oxygen
2. carbon monoxide Carbon, oxygen
3. table salt Sodium, chlorine
4. pure water Hydrogen, oxygen

5. copper sulphate (solid) Copper, sulphur, oxygen, hydrogen

6. diamond Carbon
(6m)
(b) carbon monoxide.
(1m)
##
|!|3eESA0133902010|!|
State the colours of the following compounds/ elements.
Compounds/ elements Colour

Aluminium
Copper sulphate solution
Hydrogen gas
Iodine (solid)
Iron
Magnesium oxide
Sodium chloride
Sulphur
(8 marks)
##
Compounds/ elements Colour
Aluminium Silvery white
Copper sulphate solution Blue
Hydrogen gas Colourless
Iodine (solid) Black/ violet
Iron Grey/ silvery white
Magnesium oxide White
Sodium chloride White
Sulphur Yellow
(8m)
##
|!|3eESA0133902011|!|

Determine whether each of the following changes is a physical change or a chemical change.
Write the answer in the space provided.
(8 marks)
(a) magnesium is burned in air
(b) conducting electricity and heating up of an iron
(c) melting of wax
(d) cooking of vegetables
(e) dissolving concentrated orange juice in water
(f) heating a mixture of copper oxide and carbon powder
(g) mixing water and alcohol
(h) baking cake with baking powder
Physical changes: _____________________________________________
Chemical changes: ____________________________________________
##
Physical changes: BCEG; Chemical changes: ADFH
(8m)
##
|!|3eESA0133902012|!|
The diagram below illustrates a method for separating a metal from its ore.
a jet of water
denser ore particle
vibrating table with water

grooves
lighter particle
(a) Suggest a name for this method.

(1 mark)
(b) Suggest what the metal may be.

(2 marks)

(c) Suggest what the lighter particles may be.

(1 mark)
(d) Is it a chemical method of separation? Explain your answer.

(2 marks)
##
(a) Panning
(1m)
(b) Gold or silver
(2m)
(c) Sand
(1m)
(d) No. Chemical reaction does not occur during separation.
(2m)
##
(a)-(c) Handling information 4
(d) Understanding basic knowledge 2
|!|3eESA0133902013|!|
(a) Suggest two reasons why copper can be used as electrical wires.
(2 marks)
(b) Give an example of copper ores in nature.

(1 mark)
(c) What is the name of the major compound in the above copper ore?
(1 mark)

(d) What method do we usually use to extract copper from its ore?
(1 mark)
##
(a) Copper is a good electrical conductor and it is ductile.
(2m)
(b) Malachite
(1m)
(c) Copper carbonate
(1m)
(d) Carbon reduction
(1m)
##
|!|3eESA0134002014|!|
‘14-carat gold is an alloy of metals which is widely used to make jewellery.’
(a) Except pure gold, what metals are used to make 14-carat gold?
(2 marks)
(b) Suggest one advantage of using 14-carat gold over pure gold.
(1 mark)
##
(a) Silver and copper
(2m)
(b) It is harder than pure gold.
(1m)
##
|!|3eESB0134001015|!|
You are given a piece of material. State three physical methods to test if it is a metal or not. (3
marks)

##
Observe it. A metal should be shiny (may try to rub it with sand paper). Put it into a cup of hot water and feel
it to see if it is a good conductor of heat. Try if it can conduct electricity with a little light bulb and battery.
Feel it, lift it up. It might be heavy, as the densities of metals are high. Try to hammer it to test its malleability
and see if it is hard or soft. Try to lengthen it to see if it is as ductile as metals. Try to heat it. It should not
melt easily as the boiling points of metals should be high. (Any three of the above) (3m)
##
|!|3eESA0134001016|!|
(a) What properties of metals can an iron wire show?
(4 marks)
(b) What properties of metals can an aluminium foil show?

(4 marks)
##
(a) ductile, good conductor of heat and electricity, shiny surface, high melting point and high density.
(4m)
(b) malleable, good conductor of heat and electricity, shiny surface, high melting point (high density is
incorrect)
(4m)
##

|!|3eESB0134002017|!|
(a) The filament of a light bulb is made of tungsten. What properties must this metal have in order to be
filaments?
(3 marks)
(b) Which alloy do we use to make the shell of aeroplanes? Why don’t we use aluminum instead?
(3 marks)
##
(a) It must be very ductile and have very high melting point. Also, it is not too expensive.
(3m)
(b) We use duralumin. It is stronger than aluminium. It is only a bit denser than aluminium, but it is still
light enough to be the shell. Also, it is not too expensive.
(3m)
##
|!|3eESA0134002018|!|
(a) Complete the following table.
(4 marks)
Metallic Parts Properties of the Metallic Parts

A
The metallic body
B
The filament
C
The overhead electric cable
D
The hammer head
(b) Which of the above metallic parts is/are made of metal(s) in element form? What is/are the metal(s)?

(4 marks)
(c) Which of the above metallic parts is/are made of alloy(s)? What is the name of the alloy(s)? What is/are
its/theirs composing element(s)?
(6 marks)
(d) Why the metallic part(s) in (c) is/are made of alloy(s) instead of its/theirs major composing metal alone?
(4 marks)
##
(a)
A High melting point, good conductor of heat, non-toxic, resistant to corrosion
B Ductile, high melting point, good conductor of electricity
C Ductile, light, high tensile strength, good conductor of electricity, resistant to corrosion
D High density, strong and hard
(4m)
(b) B, tungsten. C, aluminium
(4m)
(c) A, stainless steel/iron, chromium, nickel and carbon. D, steel/iron and carbon
(6m)
(d) For A, stainless steel is used instead of pure iron because it is more resistant to corrosion than iron. That
means stainless steel can resist the attack of water, air, and chemicals involved in cooking. As it is not
easily rusted, it keeps a shiny appearance.
(2m)
For B, steel is used instead of pure iron because it is stronger and harder than iron. That means steel can
withstand the impact during hammering better than pure iron.
(2m)
##
(a)-(c) Handling information 14

|!|3eESA0134002019|!|
‘Aluminium and copper can be processed to make an alloy. This alloy is a desirable material for making
aeroplanes.’
(a) What is the name of the alloy?
(1 mark)
(b) Why can’t pure aluminium be used to make an aeroplane?

(1 mark)
(c) Suggest one common use of aluminium metal.

(1 mark)
(d) Although aluminium is an abundant metal in the Earth’s crust, aluminium products and its alloys are
quite expensive. Suggest a reason.
(1 mark)
(e) Why can’t aluminium form alloy with lead on Earth?

(2 marks)
##
(a) Duralumin
(1m)
(b) Pure aluminium is too soft.
(1m)
(c) Kitchen foil or window frames or soft drink cans (any 1)
(1m)
(d) The cost of extraction of aluminium is very high.
(1m)
(e) This is because molten lead is much denser than molten aluminium. When they are mixed, they will
separate from each other quickly and a uniform mixture of molten metals can hardly be formed.
(2m)

##
(a)-(e) Handling information 6
|!|3eESA0134002020|!|
‘Copper is a very good conductor of electricity. However, its alloy, brass, is not as conductive as copper.’
(a) Other than copper, what metal can be found in brass?
(1 mark)
(b) Design an experiment to show that copper is a better conductor than brass. Use a labelled diagram to
show the set-up.
(3 marks)
(c) Other than electrical conductivity, suggest two more differences between brass and copper. (2
marks)
(d) Suggest one common use of brass.

(1 mark)
##
(a) Zinc
(1m)
(b)

bulb
battery
object
The brightness of the bulb increases with the electrical conductivity of a substance. Therefore, the
brighter the bulb, the better is the substance as a conductor. If copper is being connected, the bulb is
brighter.
(3m)
(c) Brass is harder and more resistant to corrosion than copper.
(2m)
(d) Brass can be used to make musical instruments.
(1m)
##
(a), (c)-(d) Understanding basic knowledge 4
(b) Science skills 3
|!|3eESA0134002021|!|
(a) What are the elements contained in stainless steel?
(4 marks)
(b) Give two improved properties of stainless steel.

(2 marks)
##
(a) Iron, chromium, nickel and carbon.
(4m)
(b) Stronger than iron, can withstand high tension. Higher resistance to corrosion.
(2m)
##


|!|3eESA0134002022|!|
(a) Is the boiling point of solder higher or lower than tin or lead?
(2 marks)
(b) How to make solder in laboratory?

(3 marks)
##
(a) Its boiling point is lower than lead and tin.
(2m)
(b) Put a tin pellet and a lead pellet in a crucible and cover the crucible with a lid. Heat the crucible until
the two pellets melt together. Then, leave it a while to cool down at room temperature. Solder is then
formed.
(3m)
##
(b) Practical skills 3
|!|3eESA0134002023|!|
(a) What is alloy?
(2 marks)
(b) Give three examples of alloy.

(3 marks)
##
(a) One or more elements (metals or non-metals) are added to a metal to form a uniform mixture to improve
the properties of metal. The mixture is called alloy.
(2m)
(b) Stainless steel, bronze, brass, solder, titanium alloy, duralumin. (All three of them)
(3m)
##
(a) Understanding concepts 2
|!|3eESA0134002024|!|
(a) Suggest an alloy which is suitable to be the material to make kettles.
(1 mark)
(b) Why is this alloy used? Give 3 reasons.

(3 marks)
##
(a) stainless steel
(1m)
(b) It is cheap. / It is good conductor of heat. / It is much more resistant to corrosion than iron. / It is not
toxic.
(3m)
##

|!|3eESA0134002025|!|
Design an experiment to show that the melting point of solder is lower than lead and tin. Use a diagram to
show the setup.
(6
marks)
##
As shown in the diagram above, heat the plate and observe which metal pellet melts first. (6m)
##
Science skills 6
|!|3eESA0134002026|!|
Table below shows the information of 4 alloys.
Alloy Element composing the alloy Properties

70% iron
20% chrominium high melting point, non-toxic, high resistance to
A
9.5% nickel corrosion, strong
0.5% carbon
96% aluminium
B light and strong
4% copper
50% copper
C shiny gold colour, hard and resistant to corrosion
50% zinc
50% tin
D low melting point and quite soft
50% lead
(a) Select the most suitable alloy to make the following things.
(3 marks)
(i) aeroplane: ____________________________________
(ii) cooking utensits: _______________________________
(iii) musical instrument: _____________________________

(b) D is too soft to make metal wares but it is used to join metal parts together. Which of its property allows
it to do so? Why?
(2 marks)
(c) Complete the following table.
(8 marks)
Element iron carbon aluminium copper

Element symbol
metal/non-metal
##
(a) (i) B
(1m)
(ii) A
(1m)
(iii) C
(1m)
(b) It is because it has a low melting point. It melts easily and the molten alloy can join pieces of metal parts
together.
(2m)
(c)
Element iron carbon aluminium copper
Element symbol Fe C Al Cu
Metal/non-metal metal non-metal metal metal
(8m)
##

|!|3eESA0134003027|!|
‘Other than air pollution problems from the process of extraction of metals, disposal of used metals is also a
big environmental problem. It is well known that untreated mercury forms toxic vapour easily while lead
emitted from burning leaded petrol affects the development of children brain. In view of these, citizens are
now educated about the environmental protection principle – the 3Rs.’
(a) Explain why extraction of metals results in air pollution.
(2 marks)
(b) Suggest one use of mercury.

(1 mark)
(c) Nowadays, Government encourages the use of unleaded petrol. Why?

(2 marks)
(d) What are the 3Rs?

(3 marks)
(e) Suggest another reason why 3Rs are important.

(1 mark)
##
(a) Extraction of metals burns a lot of fuel and produces large amounts of air pollutants such as sulphur
dioxide.
(2m)
(b) Mercury-in-glass thermometer.
(1m)
(c) Because lead is an air pollutant that can affect the development of children brain.
(2m)
(d) Recycle, reduce, reuse

(3m)
(e) The metal resources in the Earth’s crust are limited.
(1m)
##
|!|3eESA0134003028|!|
(a) What are the environmental problems caused by extractions of metals?
(3 marks)
(b) State the best solution to the problems.

(1 mark)
##
(a) Deforestation due to mining of metals on the earth’s crust. The industrial processes to extract metals
need a lot of electricity and chemicals. Also, a lot of air pollutants and wastes are produced. (3m)
(b) Recycle metals.
(1m)
##
|!|3eESA0133902029|!|

One day, Wendy and her mother baked a cake. The following shows the steps.
(1) Put the butter in a bowl and let it melts at room temperature.
(2) Cut a cheese block into pieces.
(3) Beat the pieces of cheese until they become smooth. Then add some sugar and egg and beat.
(4) Add the melted butter to the cheese. Then mix well to make a cake batter.
(5) Put the cake batter into a container and bake it for an hour.
(a) What is a chemical change?
(1 mark)
(b) What is a physical change?

(1 mark)
(c) Hence, determine whether each of the above five steps is a chemical change or a physical change.
(5 marks)
##
(a) A chemical change is a change in which one or more new substances are formed.
(1m)
(b) A physical change is a change in which no new substances are formed. It only involves changes in shape,

volume, position or state of matter.

(1m)
(c) (1), (2), (3) and (4) are physical changes while (5) is a chemical change.
(5m)
##
(c) Handling information 5
|!|3eESA0133902030|!|
cotton wool cotton wool
metal A metal B
20.00 g electronic 20.00 g electronic

balance balance
Pure metals A and B are allowed to stand in air for two weeks as shown above. Their masses are recorded as
follows.
Metal A Metal B
Original Mass 20.00 g 20.00 g
Mass after 2 weeks 20.15 g 20.00 g
(a) Suggest a possible reason for the increase in mass of metal A.

(2 marks)
(b) Which metal, A or B, do you think was most likely discovered first? Briefly explain your answer.
(2 marks)
##
(a) Metal A reacts with oxygen in air to form a metal oxide.
(2m)
(b) Metal B was discovered first. This is because it is less likely to react with other substances and thus
could be extracted more easily.

(2m)
##
(a) Handling information 2
|!|3eESA0133902031|!|
During a lightning flash, the temperature can reach 300,000C. At such high temperature, the nitrogen and
oxygen in air combines to form nitrogen dioxide, which then dissolves in water to form dilute nitric acid. This
is a natural source of acid rain.
(a) Write down all the elements mentioned in the above paragraph.
(2 marks)
(b) Write down all the compounds mentioned in the above paragraph.
(3 marks)
(c) According to the above paragraph, how many chemical changes are involved in the formation of acid
rain?
(1 mark)
(d) Do you think that lightning is a major source of acid rain? Why?
(2 marks)

##
(a) Nitrogen and oxygen
(2m)
(b) Nitrogen dioxide, water and nitric acid
(3m)
(c) Two
(1m)
(d) No. This is because lightning does not occur frequently and it cannot produce a large amount of nitrogen
dioxide.
(2m)
##
(a)-(c) Reading skills 6
|!|3eESB0134002032|!|
(a) Explain why pure gold, pure iron and pure lead are not recommended for the use listed below.
(3 marks)
Metal Use
Pure gold
Ornaments
Pure iron
Water pipes

Pure lead
Soldering materials
(b) What substance(s) can be added to each of the pure metals to make an alloy that is suitable for the use
listed above.
(3 marks)
##
(a) Pure gold is too soft. Iron corrodes quickly when it is in contact with water. Lead has a high melting point.
(3m)
(b) Add silver and copper to gold to make gold alloy; add chromium, nickel and carbon to iron to make
stainless steel; add tin to lead to make solder.
(3m)
##

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Understanding Integrated Science for the 21st Century (3rd Edition) – Form 3

Unit 13: Metals (New Questions in 2013)

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(1) The mixture glows on heating.

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Element Melting point (C)

Which element(s) is/are most likely metal(s)?

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(1) It is a physical change.

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Skill assessed Marks

Density (g/cm3) Relative strength

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Skill assessed Marks

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(3) Price of the metal

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(1) Rings (2) Musical instruments (3) Ornaments

A. (1) and (2) only

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brown silvery colourless gas dull solids

solid liquid black yellow

crushing carbon reduction

(b) What is metal X? (1 mark)

(c) What is gas Y? (1 mark)

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(a) What is X? (1 mark)

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(b) Name the alloy. (1 mark)

(c) State one common use of the alloy. (1 mark)

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(d) Write down the appearance of the residue. (1 mark)

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Write down the variables involved in the experiment. (4 marks)

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copper plate iron plate

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(b) The chairs remain shiny after a few years. (2 marks)

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(b) Aluminium is not used to make car bodies. (1 mark)

(c) Magnesium is not used to make barbecue fork. (1 mark)

(b) Why is it difficult to make an alloy of metal B and metal C? (2 marks)

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(b) Name solid X. (1 mark)

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(b) What can substance X be? Suggest ONE example. (1 mark)

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(a) Suggest TWO controlled variables in the experiment. (2 marks)

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(a) Is copper carbonate an element or a compound? Explain your answer. (2 marks)

(c) Explain whether step I is a physical change or a chemical change. (2 marks)

(e) Why is it important to change copper carbonate back to copper? (2 marks)

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Skill assessed Marks

Bromine 3.1 7.2 cannot conduct electricity

Copper 8.9 1085 5