JELITA LEONA PUTRI

16551063

TBI 6A

Quesions 1-5

In 1900 the United States had only three cities with more than a million residents-New York, Chicago,
and Philadelpia. By 1930, it had ten giant metropolises. The newer ones experienced remarkable growth,
which reflected basic changes in the economy. The population of Los Angeles (114,000 in 1900) rose
spectacularly in the early decades of the twentieth century, increasing a dramatic 1,400 percent from 1900 to
1930.

A number of circumstances contributed to the meteoric rise of Los Angeles. The agricultural potencial
of the area was enormous if water for irrigation could be found, and the city founders had the vision and
dating to obtain it by constructing a 225-mile aqueduct, completed in 1913, to tap the water of the Owens
River. The city had a superb natural harbor, as well as excellent rail connections.

The climate made it possible to shoot motion pictures year-round; hence Hollywood. Hollywood not
only supplied jobs; it disseminated an image of the good life in Southern Californiaon screens all across the
nation. The most important single industry powering the growth of Los Angeles, however, was directly linked
to the automobile. The demand for petroleum to fuel gasoline engines led to the opening of Southern
California oil fields, and made Los Angeles North America’s greatest refining center.

Los Angeles was a product of the auto age in another sense as well: its distinctive spatial organization
depended on widespread private ownership of automobiles. Los Angeles was a decentralized metropolis,
sprawling across the desert landscape over an area of 400 square miles. It was a city without a real center.

The downtown business distric did not gro aace with the city as a whole, and the rapid transit system
designed to link the center with outlying areas whitered away from disuse. Approximately 800,000 cars were
registered in os Angeles County in 1930, one per 2.7 residents. Some visitors from the east coast were
dismayed at the endless urban sprawl and dismissed Los Angeles as a mere collection of suburbs in search of a
city. But the freedom and mobility of a city built on wheels attracted floods of migrants to the city.

1. What is the passage mainly about? ( MAIN IDEA )

(A) The growth of cities in the United States in the early 1900’s

(B) The development of the Southern California oil fields

(C) Factors contributing to the growth of Los Angeles

(D) Industry and city planning in Los Angeles.

Pembahasan

Key word : A number of circumstances contributed to the meteoric rise of Los Angeles. Bacaan tersebut jelas
berisi tentang faktor yang mendorong pertumbuhan penduduk di Los Angeles.

2. The author characterizes the growth of new large cities in the United States after 1900 as resulting primarily
from... ( MAIN IDEA)
(A) new economic conditions

(B) images of cities

(C) new agricultural techniques

(D) a large migrant population

Pembahasan

Key word : it had ten gient metropolises; the newer ones experienced remarkable growth, which reflected
basic changes in the economy . Pada paragraf pertama diungkapkan bahwa pertumbuhan penduduk yang
pesat mencerminkan perubahan mendasar pada bidang ekonomi.

3. The word “meteoric” in line 6 is closest in meaning to... (VOCABULLARY QUESTIONS )

(A) rapid

(B) famous

(C) controversial

(D) methodical

Pembahasan

Key word : a number of circumstances contributed to the meteoric rise Los AngelesKata meteoric memiliki
arti ‘sangat cepat’. Sementara itu, masing-masing pilihan jawaban lainnya berarti pesat (rapid), terkenal
(famous), controversial (controversial), dan menurut metode (methodical). Jadi jawaban yang paling sesuai
adalah rapid.

4. The word “it” in line 8 refers to... (PRONOUN REFERENTS )

(A) aqueduct

(B) vision

(C) water

(D) agricultural potential

Pembahasan

Key word : to obtain it by constructing a 225-mile aqueduct . Kata it mengacu pada water. Lihat baris 7-8.

5. According to the passage, the most important factor in the development of agriculture around Los Angeles
was the... (STATED DETAIL)

(A) influx of “new residents to agricultural areas near the city

(B) construction of an aqueduct

(C) expansion of transportation facilities

(D) development of new connections to the city’s natural harbor

Pembahasan

Key word : constructing a 225-mile aqueduct, completed in 1913, to tap the water of the Owens River. The
city had a superb natural harbor, as well as excellent rail connections.

Dari kata kunci bisa disimpulkan bahwa yang membuat Los Angeles berkembang adalah adanya terowongan
air (aqueduct).

Questions 6-10

Robert moog was an american inventor who developed the moog synthesizer. it was one of the first
synthesizer to gain widespread use as a musical instrument. Moog’s synthesizers were an important part of
musical innovation in rock and jazz music in the 1960s and 1970s. Robert Arthur Moog was born in queens, a
borough of New York City 75 years ago. He became fascinated with electronics as a teenager, particularly an
early electronic music instrument called the theremin. mood studied physic and electrical engineering at
queens college and columbia university both in new york city and later received a Ph.D. in engineering physic
cornel University in Ithaca, New York. in 1954, while still an undergraduate student, Moog Formed his own
company to sell theremins and theremins kits.

Soon after, moog began working on a keyboard instrument that could replicate the sound of any
musical instrument electronically. working with american composer herbert deutch. moog introduced the
prototype moog synthesizer at a convention in 1964. the device represented a signivicant advance over
previous electronic syntesizerbecause of its use of new semiconductor technology, which made it smaller and
considerably cheaper than earlier machines. the moog, as it was known, was soon in demand by musician all
over the world.

In 1964, moog began a collaboration with american composer and organist walter carlos who
realesed the best selling electronic music album switched-on bach in 1968. Rock groups such as the beatles
and yes and jazz musician such as harbie hancock and chick corea began incorporating moog synthesizer in to
their recordings, a trend that increased when the company introduced the compact and portable minimoog in
1970. A moog synthesizer was also prominently featured on the sountrack to the movie A clockwork Orange in
1971.

6. The word ‘prominently’ in paragraph 3 can easily be replaced by ... ( VOCABULARY QUESTIONS )

A) Significantly

B) Perfectly

C) Accurately

D) Excellently

Pembahasan
Keyword : Prominently berarti ‘secara menonjol’. sementara itu masing-masing pilihan jawaban berarti dengan
jelas (significantly), dengan sempurna (perfectly). dengan akurat (accurately) dan dengan baik (excellently).
Jadi jawaban yang sesuai adalah significantly.

7. The passage describes theremin as a/an ... ( STATED DETAIL)

A) Prototype of Moog Synthesizer

B) Initial Electronic Music Instrument

C) Musical Instrument to replicate the sound

D) Instrument of electronic tool

Pembahasan

Keyword : Lihat baris ke-5 : particularly on early electronic music instrument called theremin

8. The Pronoun “it” in paragraph 2 refers to ... ( PRONOUN REFERENTS)

A) Electronic synthesizer

B) A keyboard instrument

C) Prototype of Moog Synthesizer

D) New semiconductor technology

Pembahasan

Keyword : Berdasarkan paragraf 2, kata it merujuk pada the moog, yaitu sebutan untuk the prototype moog
synthesizer.

9. According to the passage, all of the following are true about the Moog, EXCEPT ... (UNSTATED DETAILS)

A) It was invented by robert moog

B) it was first introduced in 1964

C) in initiated new technology which was smaller and cheaper then previous machines

D) it was the first synthesizer in the world

Pembahasan

Keyword : Karena dalam bacaan baris 14 dituliskan bahwa sebelumnya sudah diciptakan mesin synthesizer
“which made it smaller and considerably cheaper than earlier machine”
10. The paragraph following the passage most likely disusses ... (TRANSITION QUESTIONS)

A) Collaboration between the moog and other musicians

B) The description of compact and portable mini moog

C) The improvement of Moog Synthesizer

D) Trend in the music industry about synthesizer

Pembahasan

Keyword : Paragraf terakhir bacaan membahas kerjasama moog dengan banyak musisi terkenal. Jadi jika
bacaan ini akan diteruskandengan paragraf baru kemungkinan besar paragraf baru itu akan membahas
perkembangan moog selanjutnya (the improvement of moog synthesizer)

Questions 11-15

Awarded the Nobel prize for physics in 1918, German physics Max Planck is best remembered as the
originator of the quantum theory. His work helped user in a new era in theoretical physics and revolutionized
the scientific community’s understanding of atomic and sub-atomic processes.

Planck intriduced an idea that led to the quantum theory, which became the foundation of twentieth
century physics. In December 1900, Plnck worked out an equation that described the distribution of radiation
accurately over the range of low to high frequencies. He had developed a theory which depended on a model
of matter that seemed very strange at the time. The model required the emission of electromagnetic radiation
in small chunks or particles. These particles were later called quantums. The energy associated with each
quatum is measured by multiplying the frequency of the radiation, v, by a universal constant, h. Thus, energy,
or E, equals hv. The constant, h, is known as Planck’s constant. It is now recognized as one of the fundamental
constant of the world.

Planck announced his finding in 1900, but it was years before teh full consequences of his
revolutionary quantum theory were recognized. Throughout his life, Planck made significant contributions to
optics, thermodynamics and stastistical mechanics, physical chemistry, and other fields. In 1930, He was
elected president of the Kaiser Wilhelm society, which was renamed the Max II. Though deeply opposed to the
fascist regime of Adolf Hitler, Planck remained in Germany throughout teh war. He died in Gottingen on
October 4, 1947.

11. In which of the following fields did Max Planck NOT make a significant contribution? (UNSTATED DETAILS)
a) Optics
b) Thermodynamics
c) Stastistical mechanics
d) Biology

Pembahasan

Keyword : Apabila Anda membaca dengan cermat beberapa paragraf di atas, maka Anda dapat menemukan
jawaban nomor satu pada paragraf terakhir dimana menyatakan empat bidang yang dikontribusikan oleh
Planck dan bidang biologi tidak disebut dalam paragraf tersebut sebagai kontribusi dari planck
12. The word “revolutionary” as used in line 13, means… ( VOCABULARY QUESTIONS)
a) Dangerous
b) Extremist
c) Momentous
d) Militarist

Pembahasan

Keyword : Dapat dilihat penemuan Planck bersifat positif sehingga Anda memerlukan kata yang memiliki sifat
positif dari ke empat opsi tersebut. Oleh karena itu, “revolutionary” memiliki arti yang hampir sama dengan
“momentous”.

13. It can inferred from the passage that Planck’s work led to the development of which of the following?

( IMPLIED DETAIL QUESTIONS CORRECTLY )

a) The rocket
b) The atomic bomb
c) The internal combustion engine
d) The computer

Pembahasan

Keyword : Paragraf pertama menyatakan hasil karya Plank memberi jalan ditemukannya bom atom dan bukan
merupakan ke dalam penemuan-penemuan lain yang diakibatkan oleh percobaan Plank seperti yang
disebutkan dalam paragraf “revolutionized the scientific community’s understanding of atomic and sub-atomic
processes.

14. The particles of electromagnetic radiation given off by matter are known as… ( MAIN IDEA )
a) Quantums
b) Atoms
c) Electrons
d) Valences

Pembahasan

Keyword : Bacaan diatas secara langsung menyatakan bahwa partikel dari elektornagnetik radiasi dinamakan
quantums.

15. The word “universal”, as used in line 10 most nearly means… (VOCABULARY QUESTIONS )
a) Planetary
b) Cosmic
c) Worldwide
d) Always present

Pembahasan

Keyword : Dari opsi jawaban pada soal tersebut maka “always present” yang memiliki kesesuaian arti dengan
“universal” sebab opsi jawaban yang lain berkaitan dengan istilah geografi atau astronomi yang membuatnya
tidak sesuai apabila disamakan dengan arti “universal”.
Questions 16-20

Tampa, Florida, owes a great deal of its growth and prosperity to a Cuban cigar manufacturer named
Vicente martinez Ybor. When civil war broke out in 1869, he was forced to flee his country, and he moved his
business to south Florida. Sixteen years later, labor union problems in Key West caused him to seek a better
location along the west coast of the state. He bought a forty-acre tract of land and made plans to set up his
cigar factory on the site. This original sixteen-block stretch of land later expanded to one hundred acres near
Tampa. This newly developed area was called Ybor City in his honor. Spanish, Italian, and Cuban immigrants
flocked to the area as the demand for workers in the cigar factory increased. One fifth of the city’s twenty
thousand resident enjoyed the high-paying jobs there. At the end of the 1800s, Jose Marti, a Cuban poet and
freedom fighter, organized a revolution from Ybor City and managed to get considerable support for his
movement. Teddy Roosevelt’s “Rough Riders” were stationed there during the Spanish-American War in 1898.
Much of the prosperity of this region is due to Ybor’s cigar factory established more than one hundred years
ago.

16. Where is Ybor City located? ( MAIN IDEA )

A. South Florida

B. Cuba

C. West Florida

D. Marti

Pembahasan

Soal ini menanyakan di mana lokasi Ybor City. Dari kalimat "Sixteen years later, labor union problems in Key
West caused him to seek a better location along the west coast of the state" dapat diketahui bahwa lokasi dari
Ybor City terletak di West Florida.

17. The word “flee” in line 4 means most nearly the same as... ( VOCABULARY QUESTIONS)

A. Escape

B. Return to

C. Fight

D. disembody

Pembahasan

. "Flee" merupakan sinonim dari "escape" yang bermakna meninggalkan atau meloloskan diri dari ....

18. The word “seek” in line 6 is closest in meaning to... ( VOCABULARY QUESTIONS)

A. Purchase

B. Pursue
C. Elude

D. develop

Pembahasan

Keyword : . "Seek" mempunyai makna yang sama dengan kata pursue bermakna mencari

19. Why will people probably continue to remember Ybor’s name? ( MAIN IDEA)

A. He suffered a great deal

B. An area was named in his honor

C. He was a Cuban revolutionary

D. He was forced to flee his homeland

Pembahasan

Dari bacaan dapat diduga / disimpulkan bahwa Ybor akan dikenang karena nama Ybor City diagkat atas
penghormatan terhadap Ybor (An area was named in his honor).

20. In line 12, the word “flocked” is closest in meaning to... ( VOCABULAY QUESTIONS)

A. Came in large numbers

B. Escaped hurriedly

C. Increased rapidly

D. Prospered greatly

Pembahasan

Keyword : "Flocked" dalam klaimat tersebut bermakna "came in large numbers."

Questions 20-25

A distinctively American architecture began with Frank Lloyd Wright, who had taken to heart the
admonition that form should follow function and who thought of buildings not as separate architectural
entities but as parts of an organic whole that included the land, the community, and the society. In a very real
way the houses of colonial New England and some of the southern plantations had been functional, but Wright
was the first architect to make functionalism the authoritative principle for public as well as for domestic
buildings. As early as 1906 he built the Unity Temple in Oak Park, Illinois, the first of those churches that did so
much to revolutionize ecclesiastical architecture in the United States. Thereafter he turned his genius to such
miscellaneous structures as houses, schools, office buildings, and factories, among them the famous Larkin
Building in Buffalo, New York, and the Johnson Wax Company building in Racine, Wisconsin.
21. The phrase “taken to heart” in line 1 is closest in meaning to which of the following? ( VOCABULAY
QUESTIONS )
(A) Taken seriously
(B) Criticized
(C) Memorized
(D) Taken offence

Pembahasan : Frasa taken to heart adalah bentuk ungkapan idiomatik dan memiliki arti “melakukan dengan
sepenuh hati/serius”.

22. In what way did Wright’s public buildings differ from most of those built by earlier architects? (MAIN IDEA)
(A) They were built on a larger scale.
(B) Their materials came from the southern United States.
(C) They looked more like private homes.
(D) Their designs were based on how they would be used.

Pembahasan : Pada kalimat “…that form should follow function…” menunjukkan bahwa desain seharusnya
berdasarkan pada fungsinya, untuk apa nantinya bangunan itu digunakan dan jawaban yang demikian
ditemukan di pilihan D.

23. The author mentions the Unity Temple because, it.. ( MAIN IDEA )
(A) was Wright’s first building
(B) influenced the architecture of subsequent churches
(C) demonstrated traditional ecclesiastical architecture
(D) was the largest church Wright ever designed

Pembahasan : Pada kalimat “…the first of those churches that did so much to revolutionize ecclesiastical
architecture in the United States” menyatakan bahwa bangunan itu sangat mempengaruhi desain bangunan-
bangunan selanjutnya. Jawaban yang mengandung ide serupa ada pada pilihan B.

24. The passage mentions that all of the following structures were built by Wright EXCEPT... (UNSTAED
DETAILS)
(A) factories
(B) public buildings
(C) offices
(D) southern plantations

Pembahasan : Pada kalimat terakhir jelas bahwa offices, factories dan public building, termasuk churches
adalah karyanya. Sedangkan South Plantations bukanlah hasil karyanya karena sudah didesain oleh orang
terdahulu seperti yang disebutkan dalam bacaan.

25. Which of the following statements best reflects one of Frank Lloyd Wright’s architectural principles? (
TRANSITION QUESTIONS)
(A) Beautiful design is more important than utility.
(B) Ecclesiastical architecture should be derived from traditional designs.
(C) A building should fit into its surroundings.
(D) The architecture of public buildings does not need to be revolutionary
Pembahasan : Kalimat “…as parts of an organic whole that included the land, the community, and the society”
menyatakan bahwa bangunan seharusnya dianggap sebagai bagian dari keseluruhan lingkungan dan
masyarakat sekitarnya sehingga dengan kata lain bangunan tersebut harus sesuai dengan lingkungannya.