Chapter 1 Finding Audiences for Film: Festival Programming in Historical Perspective Marijke de Vaick i sat not screened s dead This quote fromthe acs ead the inatiaque nga Het Langlois an be found ate op ‘fsome hander nots by Hb 83 Sector and progeamer of ‘he Inerotonal Fi Fertha Rterdsm from Rs odo 972 105 unin death 1908. seed down the stato 182m preparation fra reper n whieh be woud expan i on the tre ofthe FF Prompted by pending reorganaston ofthe otra ar scene a antepating a ctu a the poor ancl Inatagemert othe umbraacrpncition Fi teen ae thas comple to defen the acts and relevance of hi towed ganston Hs reps an example ofthe ea thatthe es defences atck a inhi eustomonly stubborn ay he alle form expanon fF erations ates — starting desk for promotion aed Toveign ste ae wel at an nero co poducton mart ised considering cating doamonaciies or expense athe content {fths volume on progranming the moter andes the gute he hota represent hs deasonthafatre ofthe fifetin team te of parcub inert because they te embiemate of» dint ‘hlosopy tat dominated and define fin Festal promi the 197 and conrun fo exec uence on etal ty. Hare cote what he oat he a esta prea by i ahsrcal especie on proromaing since the er) yes ‘Ulrecet theres beendereseare anderen pbtched en the pogrsring of afftas The contemporary intention os Manfested sel i debts on cursing ond arming a conferees, sens ard meetings wel meEE —— pubis Anan he he anh ou ae lg the ny Seeks poses dea om wre tedden to {Sohn or pomernna fren fest Wet earc ch seem crs tetra mththe Grerng eon ‘eu for masses moet enver meseuns od goers OHO eivgteuion unt ete poms eh Sposa ch one spear fhe i esd he ‘Sacto yea obec ‘renin sone mod ote spartan ofthe hereof esta ‘Sooromning iusto isvlone sth rope cn be cede crac of im esta one ees nm tons ce rn pate ny oes tat do a fr exons eben Fam fests es GRRE cha guctcper for 8 sont pr of wo in te ea ogame se hte comic oy Fase wea toofsoncton ree on pent pean rate 95 publna ne cone ‘sateen pogene lies pegaranowrest ‘asin feral expen sedan rte fae ‘Mi somes Tho one tte emt ‘Semel batons raison netro amoke ‘Sonera we the xy of roping os ‘tment cnc tu pray te bn reactance schedstngo beam gproptte te RoSins not to sry comme devant hat elation serge tr act esl Festal eto amo BES ne pccnce and nce tino ness and etl “Toate cout tpg od sen oe eoety tothe abet tht ands pron he events so recat roo fn eas ot ere eo ga ‘eso onan aac rye he conta te He of S3 mney ptandpsert irs aah ennperet SOZata von ao tek nd dsc hese pene Sicay opens tat ete he i et st oe ta ice Thecte fone wan oars of cu in es i ‘cy tounesane he peed eee preying ‘iowonacy tal poomnng © ugh cate when comes teres aa han olen the teeny ote times ect vee many cer ena wi) ring Fre aden Fn insane a onsguentiy ko many diferent programming Pacts. ecuse the contemporary suston Sees abe a potpourt Font, es vtuay impose to daw 3 gener manor fr ders fer pganng Whats ore many ccs onhot be undestoad but in raton to ster programming praie or cramp the loko steton to Ac cena mateo! ‘Ais estas countered by smal tered esas ewer and tates seer that ae pecbeaty deed scening ‘nd promiing Nico cs, One nay oe these bes took th a fir etal tory and ecstasy -eveloped wi prove sich an over bem Mee spec rn ut cnsstendes ture pots and funn ns tat sil operate festa programing today. Hy ano beter ssp the practic of promanming and tintc, ata povide histo ‘eleencsto oe working a esa grammer dct ore! {ohelpthemmae ntrmed scons vs aus tansormaions of thetestval cut Before Programming As We Know it “Tse wh now my book Fin eas Fm pean eats 0 {aa ete O00 lea why eon este Neto twee te Th oil capcom el el or nore ote cevclopmerte rogram Phe ore em {si when he Ver ert Fm es oar nde, thea hig upheara she ames inenstensa eval Setpoint ne x ares at fist he conpenon poor th esha tc rue Being detent ast thc anal tin pracion, Ise nies ec) pal weap Te cto er repay fcotd nother government cal baer he excepto be {he US, why efron ne a a the Maton Pete ‘Asoc of nee Btn anton fin psc whch Aor he ces fe nto re may ean ng Sith» once or es of cata ety and ronal nema Dur {01s fora poring 0s we toon # ay tnt or 9 ce Bey ss fin thas wr nx respnatie ore con of egarmin in esl ‘he cay yeas oi fst hve contbuted owes 0 one cf imma poem preseason sates emgloe by esto Soars gator tes Bena Eopen enonehOn [okra ergaty beundersood os nestnson othe aon Fre ti an eens mt nl 2 a xotmen wee doped meats poms wUSSTiccmenes neste nora wa reed 4 ca er het ul be onset an expen atonal ie. Fe ot ewes tesco evel ees unde {torcantn fms ato gpd he domly mete een ema amoaton rsvp One prt eee fam espe rcaed sre fi 0 spect the ‘eran’ bre ations tey Blcking frre pun Bete cn let rans penpectes on he eet of he SESE wos Wan eh the oma fetes shomcees Soe tnemas was bontoned ne second phe, he pce agro mater oo camo # te fiat vey dicted rT soca ne woes — sich weeperarh ameran ica prorat eed by thee cou foi o Sich es peole ne esta mation cae ince et te peo basing e secon of ste scent ce aus donate spt ceed 2 ete Weta te bx ancnsogic wos weesceen ‘oreo and ie fern actng sont eons eed anf gop powet cnr a mse ve Shcum otesah woud tte beter ey ee ems ‘gern eee Demon th estan gr roma tn eb People so ced fat’ precupaton sete ndoloau adlonetedteincesng ean lak winne conmerc mode tore fethalerinsoons and mae en Sturt cent conce ng pam wu ee 16 th you of wis ‘ant ns tesoes dd e $eston ng te akary wh wos nd ets peng Ste neces anthems act wntbey wee ei donanang thatthe ange [ore Terunessanitcaandenuecasnonbaletcthoghoit SeEtna arcmin 170 Sn estes te acne a Frag hance Independent egnnsatons wth poston preranners wo pc Fis ond onstuted programme secon. hs the begining othe seco pose a defn per foro conemporay pipes on pois ‘The Age of Programmers The second and for programming, mos infest in fn festa tory rns ntl the 196s hoe ele pod the 398 ot programmer beaure poganming aus became cea conce fe esto eransatons (ae Valk 007 167. At the uphesral st martes herousinaspoedoranen generation etna crs Inwhchare classes! decors ho loved cena an bse Inthe power of pegamming caled the sot Since the aor esas nad only party Yeorganed after 196, there wr i eran {or futher tran ahi ne Specie themed ects fm esas could emerge. On the one hand thee ne cunt ere esc agaist the dominance of move and comet the ld festa onthe other, they tok up he tervertont agenda the prewar wana Ae aguei FFs Programming became an ise of cigte peson (ecognsingnew reatsuturandmoveren andl Seri tepreseting th ge soc moverons eration stugges! and personal anuer ot rrined Undeepreseted nthe maseam pubic domain ich those reting to gene race and ety 2007138 hich Got headof he rational oramofthe Brinnon Festal frmany yer ndhuberBlsometomndasemnbimatic Tsinpstnt to note that the new programing practices the te preceded bysevralsatteredSevapments Gente snoftheForunwasprepaedby the workone collective eae Destich Kinemathek ends othe Geman Cera te ic 1963 (cvode 200 nthe US the arty Fly Soi, et ie by Rober Faery wom race on thf Vermont 1955 aes fered sopprive environmen to ndependent nore festa were funded hae The new themed estan