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SIMPLE PRESENT

(Presente do indicativo)
AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCE
Usamos o “Simple Present” para dizer que alguma coisa acontece em determinado tempo, ou
repetidamente, quando é alguma verdade universal/cientifica, ou ainda, sentimentos, desejos,
opiniões, hábitos, calendário indicar direções, condições e preferências. É importante lembrar que
a ação pode ou não acontecer no momento da fala. Exemplos:

Sujeito + Verbo + objeto/complemento

• The earth goes around the sun.

• He lives in London.

• My husband wakes up at 5:30 am.

• Water boils at 100º Celsius.

• If you leave your mobile phone there, someone will steal it.

• She loves chocolate.

• The airplane leaves ate 6am tomorrow.

Também usamos o “Simple Present” para falar com qual freqüência fazemos algo. Exemplo:

Sujeito + Verbo + objeto/complemento

• I wake up at 8:00 every morning.

• Hanna always looks happy.

• Jonathan usually comes later.


Por vezes, as frases no Simple Present apresentam expressões de tempo
(advérbios). As mais usuais são:

Advérbio Tradução
now agora
always sempre
never nunca
today hoje
every day todos os dias
daily diariamente
often frequentemente
sometimes às vezes
generally geralmente
usually usualmente

ADJETIVOS - no inglês primeiro se apresenta a característica do sujeito


Artigo + Adjetivo + Sujeito

• A green car (ex.: That is a green car.)

• A new house (ex.: The party is in my new house.)

• An old man (ex.: An old man works with me.)

Porém, se formos dizer sobre o sujeito: Sujeito + Verbo + Adjetivo

• The car is green.

• The house is new.

• The man is old.

Para “I, you, we e they” os verbos não alteram como no português. Em geral acrescenta-se “s” ao
final do verbo quando acompanhados das 3º pessoas do singular (HE, SHE, IT). Exemplo:

speak = speaks cook = cooks


live = lives. eat = eats
work = works make = makes
read = reads write = writes

PORÉM EXISTEM ALGUMAS REGRAS:

▪ Quando o verbo termina em consoante + y, você troca o “y” por “i” e acrescenta “es”.
study = studies cry = cries
apply = applies fly = flies
try = tries reply = replies

▪ Quando o verbo termina em vogal + y, o “y” permanece e acrescenta-se “s” no final.


enjoy = enjoys buy = buys
say = says play = plays
destroy = destroys pray = prays
▪ Quando o verbo termina em “o, s, ss, sh, ch, x”, acrescenta-se “es”. Exemplo:
cross = crosses dismiss = dismisses brush = brushes
fix = fixes teach = teaches wash = washes
go = goes do = does

▪ Quando se tratar do verbo “be” e “have”


Be = is
Have = has

Verb TO BE(ser/estar)

Affirmative Negative Interrogativa


I am/I'm I am not/I'm not Am I?
You are/You're You are not/aren't Are you?
He is/He's He is not/isn't Is he?
She is/She's She is not/isn't Is she?
It is/It's It is not/isn't Is it?
We are/We're We are not/aren't Are we?
You are/You're You are not/aren't Are you?
They are/They're They are not/aren't Are they?

To have (ter)

Affirmative Negative Interrogativa


I have I do not/don't have Do I have?
You have You do not/don't have Do you have?
He has He does not/doesn't have Does he have?
She does not/doesn't
She has Does she have?
have
It has It does not/doesn't have Does it have?
We have We do not/don't have Do we have?
You have You do not/don't have Do you have?
They have They do not/don't have Do they have?
NEGATIVE SENTENCES
Para forma frases negativas, iremos precisar dos auxiliares “DO” e “DOES”.
As partículas chamadas de auxiliares não têm tradução. Elas servem apenas para nos auxiliar na
formação de estruturas negativas e interrogativas.

Sujeito + DO/DOES (verbo aux.) + NOT + verbo + objeto/complemento


• I don’t live in Orlando.
• Bárbara and Ken do not have children.
• Andrew does not work in Canada.
• Alice doesn’t get home early.

Você pode também usar a forma contraída de DO + NOT = DON’T


E para as 3º pessoas do singular DOES + NOT = DOESN’T.
Mas lembre-se que isso é permitido apenas em situações mais informais, como bilhetes,
mensagens a amigos, etc.
Lembre-se que para formar frases negativas e interrogativas em Inglês nas 3º pessoas do singular
(SHE, HE e IT) você sempre vai utilizar DOES.

INTERROGATIVAS
Para fazer perguntas colocamos os auxiliares antes do sujeito, e após ele colocamos o verbo
principal. Exemplo:

DO/DOES + Sujeito + verbo + objeto/complemento ?


• Does Nina like soccer?
• Do you speak English?
• Where do they live?
• How often does Alison cook in her home?
• Does the cat play with the ball?

IMPORTANTE!!!!

O verbo to do significa fazer. No entanto, no Simple Present ele é usado como verbo auxiliar que
complementa a formação das frases negativas e interrogativas. Enquanto auxiliares, do e does
não têm significado.

Os auxiliares do e does também são usados em respostas curtas. >> YES / NO QUESTIONS!

Observe os exemplos abaixo:


No inglês existem as YES/ NOquestions ou as WH-questions:
What (o que) - What are you doing later today?
Where (onde) - Where is the nearest subway station?
Which (qual) - Which (one) do you prefer? Blue or pink?
When (quando) - When is your birthday?
Who (quem) - Who is coming to the party with you?
Why (por que) - Why is he running?
How (como / de qual forma) - How was your flight? How old are you?
How are you going to get home?

To love (amar)
Affirmativ
Negative Interrogativa
e
I love I do not/don't love Do I love?
You love You do not/don't love Do you love?
He loves He does not/doesn't love Does he love?
She loves She does not/doesn't love Does she love?
It loves It does not/doesn't love Does it love?
We love We do not/don't love Do we love?
You love You do not/don't love Do you love?
They love They do not/don't love Do they love?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=thIBVUU1EuI
ACTIVITIES

1) Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs from the box.
to live (2X) – to speak (2X) – to cook – to study – to drink – to play – to eat – to believe –
to have (2X)

a. My uncle ____________ in an apartment.


b. _______ you ___________ German?
c. My mother ____________ very well.
d. I _________ English.
e. Jason _____ _________ alcoholic drinks.
f. _____ David _______ the piano?
g. Vegetarians _______ _______ meat.
h. An atheist _______ _______ in God.
g. I _____ _________ a car, but I ________ a bike.
h. Where _______ your parents ___________?

2) Read about Sarah’s vacation and answer the questions:

Hi, my name is Sarah. I’m 30 years old. I am a nurse and I live in


Chicago. My parents live in Los Angeles. Every year I go to L.A. to
visit them. I love that city. We sit in front of the sea every night
and talk about everything. I like to visit my parents in my free
time. My brother lives in Miami. His name is Joseph. He is a
doctor. He’s single and he has a dog.
a. Where does Sarah live? _______________________________________________________
b. What does she do ___________________________________________________________
c. Who does she visit when she goes to Los Angeles?
____________________________________________________________________________
d. Who lives in Miami? _________________________________________________________
e. Is Sarah’s brother married? ____________________________________________________
f. What does he do? ____________________________________________________________
g. Does he have a pet? __________________________________________________________
h. How old is Sarah? ___________________________________________________________
i. How often does Sarah go to L.A.? _______________________________________________

3) Fill in the blanks whit do or does following the examples:

Where do you live? What does your sister study?

a. Where _____ you buy this book?


b. _____ your aunt work in a bank?
c. _____ your brother speak Japanese:
d. _____ Marc and Elysa play guitar?
e. Where _____ your father live?
f. What ______ Kevin work?
g. _____ you have a car?
h. _____ your husband cook?
i. _____ your mother work?
j. _____ Diogo speak Spanish?
k. _____ you play piano?
l. _____ people in your city like dancing (like to dance)?
m. _____ Adam like animals?
n. ______ Sam and Lisa study at university?
o. What kind of music ______ Jenny like?
p. ______ your brother have a computer?

5) Change the sentences in affirmative (+), negative (-) or interrogative (?).

a. I listen to the radio today. (-)_____________________________________

b. He lives in a flat. (?) ____________________________________

c. Does she like fast food? (+) ____________________________________

d. Bianca and John have two children. (?) ____________________________________

e. Peter wakes up at 8:00 every morning. (-) _____________________________________

f. I don’t watch TV. (+) ____________________________________

g. Does your mother paint? (-) _____________________________________

h. My father likes to wake up early. (-) ____________________________________

i. Jane doesn’t live in New York. (?) ____________________________________

j. Paul plays soccer every weekend. (?) ____________________________________


4) Match the columns, and then answer the questions:

a. To listen ( ) reads ( ) Ler


b. To make up ( ) talks ( ) Ouvir
c. To play ( ) walks ( ) Andar/Caminhar
d. To watch ( ) woks ( ) Maquiar-se
e. To brush (teeth) ( ) sings ( ) Conversar
f. To cycle ( ) flies ( ) Ir
g. To teach ( ) dances ( ) Trabalhar
h. To smell ( ) drinks ( ) Cantar
i. To paint ( ) goes ( ) Tocar/Brincar/Jogar
j. To smile ( ) studies ( ) Assistir
k. To eat ( ) sleeps ( ) Andar de Bicicleta
l. To drive ( ) drives ( ) Escovar (dentes)
m. To sleep ( ) eats ( ) Beber
n. To study ( ) smiles ( ) Dormir
o. To drink ( ) paints ( ) Comer
p. To dance ( ) smells ( ) Pintar
q. To sing ( ) teaches ( ) Sorrir
r. To work ( ) cycles ( ) Ensinar
s. To walk ( ) brushes ( ) Cheirar
t. To talk ( ) watches ( ) Voar
u. To read ( ) plays ( ) Dirigir
v. To fly ( ) makes up ( ) Estudar
w. To go ( ) listens ( ) Dançar

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