Test Review: Lead-Up to War, 1920s’ – 1938.

Property of \(^_^)/ and (^>_<^) and _[O-O]_[<_>]

Format
Part A - Matching (12 x 1 = 12)
Part B - Historical Significance
Part C - Short Answers (HTC’s)
Part D – Paragraphs (HTC’s)

TEXT pages - chapter 7 207-208, 219-221

Powerpoints presentations
Chapter 8 - 237-239, 226-227
Chapter 9
252-254, 255, 256,257-259, 270-272
Handouts about alternative parties,

Total

Inquiry Questions
How did the 1920’s change the social and economic conditions in Canada (consider all groups)
Buying on credit went up, economy went up, entertainment went up, discrimination
continued (continuity)
How did the 1920’s also mark a change in Canada’s independence
-Chanak Affair allowed Canada to make its own decisions about becoming involved in
conflicts
-Halibut Treaty allowed Canada to take independent diplomatic action
-Statute of Westminster made it so that Britain could no longer make laws for its former
colonies
Why are the 1930s judged a dark time in history?-This time in history was judged as a hard
time because this was time of the Great Depression which was when many men and women
in Canada went unemployed. Due to the drastic increase of unemployment, many families
went into the position of poverty
What was life like during the Great Depression? - Life was very harsh for a majority of the
population, people had little or no source of income, jobs were very scarce, food was hard to
come by, and a lot of people were in poverty. Manufacturers were left with large inventories
of products since people couldn’t afford those products during the Great Depression
Did Canada respond to increased international totalitarianism?
Review Questions
1. Explain the causes that lead to the Great Depression. The ending of WW1 and the stock
market fell
2. Describe what life was like in the Great Depression for the following groups of Canadians:
a) Business owners- bad, they had to shut down their businesses due to lack of income,
b) Workers- many had no jobs
c) Investors-lost money because the businesses they invested in were out of business
d) -Single men-Unemployed, harsh, no source of income, had to rely on soup kitchens
for food
e) Women- hard since they had less food to cook and their children would have to be
hungry due to the lack of food
f) Farmers-Many farmers were affected by dust storms (specifically the Prairies), which
destroyed farms, barns, homes and affected those living in the Prairies. Dust storms
also destroyed crops, affected and killed many of the livestock. Many owners of
farms also lost their farms
3. How did Canada’s main political parties respond to the economic challenges of the 1930s?
Were their policies successful?
Canada’s main political parties responded by raising the
tariff on imports. But the United States and other countries also increased
their import tariffs. As a result, Canadian exporters of resources such as
wheat, lumber, and fish were unable to sell their products.
As the economic situation worsened and hundreds of thousands of
workers, farmers, and fishers lost their income, some Canadians began to demand
government action.
4. Outline the approaches of the following alternative political parties that emerged in Canada
during this time:
a) Communist Party-Tariff price increase, buy things in canada,
b) Co-operative Commonwealth Federation - Puts ownership of banks into the hands of
the people, stops the overtake of farms, puts more money into creating houses,
provides thousands of jobs so that people could buy those houses, provides
minimum wage jobs, provides health care provided by gov’t
c) Social Credit Party - Give everyone $25 a month, their plan is to create a cycle. Since
everyone gets $25, they will spend it on buying goods such as food and other things.
Manufacturers would have to hire workers since there is now a demand for
products. When the manufacturers get the money from the customers, they use that
money to create more products. It is a continuous cycle which benefits everyone.
d) Union Nationale -

5. Why did conditions in Bennett’s relief camps lead to the On-to-Ottawa Trek? Was the trek
successful? - Conditions at the relief camps were harsh. It was very cold, the living conditions
weren’t that great, men had a low income of 20 cents per day, The On-to-Ottawa trek was
not successful. This led to a death of an officer and many people injured
6. Describe the rise of extremism in the following countries during the interwar period:
 a) Communist in the Soviet Union - Communist group “Bolsheviks” overthrew the
temporary government and established a dictatorship of proletariat (a term which
describes people who make a living by earning a wage). Bolsheviks held their power
despite a civil war. They took many aspects of the economy, such as banks, mines
and oil companies. Joseph Stalin emerged as the leader of the Communist Party and
the government in 1924. He united Russia with surrounding states to form the Union
of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R)/Soviet Union. Stalin used force to crush
opposition and during the 1930’s, millions of soviets were executed, imprisoned,
deported or starved to death.
b) Fascism in Germany, Italy and Spain - Spain: Was in a civil war, and General Francisco
Franco led the Nationalists (rebels), this civil war led to the deaths of millions of
Spaniards. He was supported by Hitler and Mussolini and they used terror and
brutality to scare people. They began taking more territory, which eventually led to
the victory of the rebels
Germany: Germany was struggling with politics and economy, to the point where German
currency reached almost 0%. They wanted a leader to fix its politics and economy, and Hitler
was the answer. He first joined the Nazis as a member, eventually becoming its leader in
1921. By 1933, he became the leader of Germany.
Italy: One of the party’s main plans was a nationalistic belief in strong and union citizens. The
“Blackshirts” were claimed to be restoring order to the streets. The government had no
intention in stopping the Blackshirts from attacking political groups. Mussolini was elected as
leader of the Italian government. If anyone questioned regiment were punished (O_o).
c) Totalitarianism in Japan - It had a lot of milistiliric leaders, who had highly
conservative views on Japan and they did not like democracy. China, which
increasingly became anti-Japanese, was a country which Japan relies on for
resources. They wanted to take over China and take resources. In the process of
doing so, they bombed many cities and they murdered and raped many Chinese
7. How did Canada respond to the rise of extremism?
● King travels to Berlin so that he can convince Hitler to stop
● King tells Hitler that Canada will fight on Britain's side in ww2
● Hitler orders an attack on the jews in Germany
● Canada allowed in fewer jewish refugees than other countries
● Wilson tells king to let in 1000 jewish refugees
● Many jews were fleeing from Germany and tried to get to Canada
● Canada rejected all of the jews that migrated to Canada
● Jews also migrated to United States
● Cuba, United states refused to recognize the jew’s passports and then the jews
were rejected
● St.Louis boat was very historical
● Went to many countries for refugees, hoping that a country may help them and
give them a safe place to live
● President of Cuba turned away Jewish refugees
● Many jewish women turned sick overseas
● Quebec wanted to keep all Canadian borders closed so that no jews would enter
 ● Jews were not welcome in Canada due to Canadian policies
● The jews who entered were placed in a separate group away from other Canadians
● Passenger tried to commit suicide by slashing his wrist and jumping into the
ocean

8. Assess the impact that the Great Depression had on Canada. How was the country changed
by the end of the 1930s? many people were poor and there were barely any jobs, people
were going out of business
9. Why was Canada like a teenager searching for more independence from Britain in the 1920’s.
It was like that because whatever Canada did, they needed the British with them to sign
whatever Canada signed. Canada does not always want the British to hold their hand, Canada
does not always want the British to have the final say of their decisions. Canada wants to
decide for itself, without the need to ask another country for guidance.

Halibut treaty, Statute of Westminster

how did 1920 change. before after. CHANGE people made stuff and bought it buying on
credit went up entertainment went up CONTINUITY discrimination continued

IN 1920 people discriminated against irish, aboriginals, jews etc