Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
UNIT-I
1) One essay type question with an internal alternative based on character, summary,
significance of title.
15
2) Short answer questions. Five questions to be attempted out of the given eight in about 50-60
words each.
10
3) Explain with reference to context one dialogue out of the given two.
5
UNIT-II
Text Prescribed: The Written Word: Vandana R. Singh
The Student's Companion: Wilfred D. Best.
Theory
Section–A
Introductory knowledge of soil: A natural body, Edaphology and Pedology.
(1) Origin (Rocks and Minerals) Earth crust and its composition.
(2) Formation (Weathering): Soil forming processes and factors of soil formation
(3) Soil profile horizons.
(4) Elementary ideal systems of soil classification, their limitations and merits.
(5) Soil mineral matter, soil colloids, ionic properties of soil cation and anion exchange.
(6) Soil Organic matter –its composition, decomposition, function, humus formation, Maintenance.
(7) Soil air – its amount, capacity, composition, movement and importance.
(8) Soil temperature.
Section-B
(1) Soil Reaction: Method of expression of pH value and buffering of soil.
(2) Acidic, saline and alkali soils; their formation, influence on plant growth and control.
(3) Lime requirements and liming of soil.
(4) Soil Micro- organisms.
(5) Influence of Micro – organisms on soil condition and plant growth.
(6) Important groups of Soils of Punjab and India, their distribution and properties, (Brief accounts
only).
(7) Soil as a three phase system, soil texture, Soil structure and its classification.
(8) Soil fertility and its management.
PRACTICALS
Identification of important rocks and minerals. Examination of soil profile in the fields. Soil sampling and
use of augers, soil survey of a farm. Determination of absolute and apparent specific gravity. Water
holding capacity, analysis of irrigation water for pH and conductivity. Interpretation of soil test report.
Books Recommended
Brady, Nyle CC : The Nature and properties of soil Macmillan Publishing Co.,
New Delhi
Tenhane R.V. Motiramani : Soil theory chemistry and fertility in tropical Asia.
D.P, Bali V.P & : Prentice hall of Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, India.
Donnahue Royl.
Roth, H.D., and Turk L.H. : Fundamentals of soil science Wiley Eastern Pvt. Ltd.,
New Delhi.
Yawlkar, K.S.Aggarwal, J.P & : Manures & Fertilizer. Agri/KA, Publishing Co. Nagpur
Bakele S.
PAPER–III : ELEMENTS OF VEGETABLE GROWING
Section-A
Scope, importance and types of vegetables, Cultivation practices including soil and climatic requirements,
Varieties, seed rate, time of sowing, spacing, Fertilizers and manures, Irrigation, Hoeing and weed
control, Plant population, Pests and diseases, Harvesting and yield of potato, Cole crops (Cabbages and
cauliflower), Root crops, Bulb crops, Peas and beans, Solanaceous fruit vegetables, cucurbits and okra.
Section-B
Classification of vegetable crops, Storage and seed production of potato, cole crops (Cabbages and
cauliflower), Root crops, Bulb crops, Peas and beans, Solanaceous fruit vegetables, cucurbits and okra.
PRACTICALS
Identification of various crops, varieties and seeds. Preparation of field for sowing, transplanting of
different crops. Application of manures and fertilizers. Sowing, nursery raising, transplanting and other
cultural operations for various crops. Planting plants for different kinds of vegetables and calendar of
operations.
Note: The practical works done by the students during the semester is to be recorded in a note
book which is to be signed by the teacher concerned. Candidates will be examined practically on
work recorded in the note book.
Books Recommended
Theory
Section-A
Internal combustion (IC) Engines and terminology. Working principles of two stroke and four stroke
engines, Valve timing, Cooling, lubrication and governing systems. Simplest calculations of Horse
Power. Tractors, types and manufacturer Companies. Working and constructional details of centrifugal
pumps.
Principles of operation, elementary idea about constructional details and adjustments of Harrows, Mould
board plough, Disc plough, Cultivators, Seed–cum–fertilizer drills, Calibrations of Seed-cum-fertilizer
drills, Paddy transplanter, Potato planter, Maize planter and sugar cane planter, Harvesting combines.
Section-B
Introduction to Principles of planning and construction of farm building including dairy Farm, Farm
Roads, their layout and formation. Main use of electricity on farms and in farm houses, selection of
electric motors for farms use, repair and maintenance of motors on the farm.
Introduction to Fundaments of Surveying – Chain Surveying : units, measurements and equipments for
chain survey. Simple, process of taking off sets, field books and plotting with conventional signs,
Instrument Surveying : adjustments, use and care of prismatic Compass Level. Leveling Measurement of
angles and simpler traverses recording levels.
PRACTICALS
Max Marks : 40 Duration of the Paper: 3 hrs.
Study of fuel lubrication and cooling system of engines and transmission system in tractors. Battery
charging.
Use of surveying instruments, Measurement of distance by taking off – sets.
Finding angles between the lines with a prismatic : Determination of difference in heights of two points.
Study of Four stroke cycle engine. To study various parts of disc harrows, Seed Drills and power
Threshers. Calibration of seed drills.
Books Recommended
OJha, T.P : Principles of Agri. Vol. –I Jain Brothers, Publishers, New Delhi.
Michale, A.M : Farm Power and Machinery, Kitab Mahal, Allahabad.
Smith Kanis Person : Farm Machinery and Equipments; Tata Mc Graw Hill Publishing Co.
New Delhi.
Wills L. Hang : Agri. Engg. Land Surveying, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co.
New Delhi.
Jain,S.C. and Rai,C.R. : Tractor Engine.
PAPER-V : ANIMAL HUSBANDARY
Max Marks: 60 Theory : 44
Duration of the Paper: 3 hrs. Internal Assessment : 16
Candidates are required to attempt two questions from each section A and B and the entire section C.
Theory
Section-A
Importance of livestock to the Agriculture and its relation to National Economy. Livestock census, Milk
Production in India, Per capita consumption of milk in various states of India as compared with some
Western Countries.
Study of Breed of:
(i) Cow i.e. Sahiwal, Hariana Red Sindhi and their crosses with exotic breeds.
(ii) Buffaloes, Murrah, Nilli, Surti, Mehsana.
(iii) Other livestocks: breeds of sheep, pig, poultry commonly found in the state of Punjab, Haryana and
Himachal only.
(iv) Exotic Cows, Holsterin Fresion, Jersey, Red Dane and Brown Swiss.
General hints about selection of livestock, store – card performance, pedigree and history sheet.
Section-B
Anatomy and physiology of digestion and reproduction of cattle and poultry, Endocrine organs.
Hormones and their role in animal body.
Feeding stuff and their classification, study of roughages, silage making and hay making and
concentrates. General principle of feeding cattle, buffaloes and poultry, preparation of ration, DCP &
TIN. Feeding standards, their merits, demerits and applicability under Indian conditions. Food
requirement for work, milk, meat and egg production.
PRACTICALS
Max Marks : 40 Duration of the Paper: 3 hrs.
External body parts of cow, sheep, pig and poultry. Alimentary organs of cow, sheep, pig and poultry.
Handling and methods of restraint for cows and buffaloes for milking. Selection and judging of cows,
buffaloes, bulls, bullocks and poultry.
Finding out weight of animals for body measurements by formula. Determination of age (a)
Dention (b) Horns. Numbering of animals :
(a) Tattoing (b) Notching
(c) Branding (d) Eartags
Dehorning : Canstic Touch Hot iron method, Electric Dehorner, Computation and preparation of rations
for cows, buffaloes, heifers, bulls, bullocks, sheep, pig and poultry.
Books Recommended
Gkr^T
ekft ozr (nkX[fBe eftsktK dk ;zrqfj), ;zgkde bytho f;zx, g'qH :'roki ns/ vkH jouoB f;zx,
gpbhe/PB fpUo', gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh, gfNnkbk, 2015 .
Gkr^n
n^1 nB[tkd
n^2 ftnkeoDL
(I) r[ow[yh fbgh dk fJfsjk;
(II) r[ow[yh fbgh dhnK ftP/PsktK
(III) gzikph Ppd i'VK d/ fB:w
Gkr^J
ਭਗ ੳ ਅਤੀ ਅ ਦੀ ਼ਿਆਕਰਣ ਿੀ ਭਗ ਼ਿਚੋਂ ਸੰ ਖੀ ਉਤਰਾਂ ਿੀ ਰਸ਼ਨ।
;jkfJe gkm^;wZroh
1H vkH i'frµdo f;µx g[nko ns/ j'o, gµikph GkPk dk ftnkeoD Gkr^., gµikph GkPk nekdwh ibµXo,
1991, gµBk 67^73
2H vkH i'frµdo f;µx g[nko ns/ j'o, gµikph GkPk dk ftnkeoD Gkr^.., gµikph GkPk nekdwh ibµXo,
1992
3H frH bkb f;µx s/ joehos f;µx, ekbi gµikph ftnkeoD, gµik; ;N/N :{BhH N?;eN p[¤e p'ov,
uµvhrVQ.
4H ;µs f;µx ;/y'A, ;kfjsnkoE, bkj"o p[¤e Pkg, b[fXnkDk.
5H okfiµdo gkb f;µx, nkX[fBe gµikph eftsk g[Bo fuµsB, b'erhs gqekPB, uµvhrVQ.
6H okfiµdo gkb f;µx, nkX[fBe gµikph eftsk dk fJfsjk;, gµikph nekdwh, fd¤bh.
7H i;ftµdo f;µx, BthA gµikph eftsk gSkD fuµB, u/sBk gqekPB, b[fXnkDk.
ੰ ਜਬ ਜ਼ਮ (ਮਾੁੱਢ ਼ਗਆਨ)
2017-18 ਸੁਸ਼ਨ ਈ
ਸਮੁਸਟਰ ਤਜ
ਕਾ ਅੰ ਕ : 100 ਸ ਹੂਣ ਈ ਅੰ ਕ : 35
ਅੰ ਦਰਿਨ ਮਾਾਂਕਣ : 25 ਅੰ ਕ ਅੰ ਦਰਿਨ ਮਾਾਂਕਣ ਼ਿਚੋਂ ਸ ਹੂਣ ਈ ਅੰ ਕ : 09
ਬਹਰ ਰ਼ਖਆ: 75 ਅੰ ਕ ਬਹਰ ਰ਼ਖਆ ਼ਿਚੋਂ ਸ ਹੂਣ ਈ ਅੰ ਕ : 26
ਸਮਾਂ : 3 ਘੰ ਟੀ (ਅ਼ਧਆਨ: 50 ਰਅਡ,)
ਭਗ- ਅ
ਅ-1 ਼ਿਸ਼ਰਮ ਼ਚੰ ਨ ਦ ਿਰਤੂ
ਅ-2 ਸਬਦ ਜੂਹਾਂ ਦ ਸਾਧਈ
ਅ-3 ੁਰ ਰਚਨ: ਼ਿ਼ਦਆਕ ਜਾਂ ਸੈਂਰ ਸਟੀ ਨ ਸਬੰ ਧਤ
ਭਗ-ੲ
ਉਰੂਕਤ ਠਕਰਮ ਤੀ ਆਧਰਤ ਸੰ ਖੀ ਉੱਤਰਾਂ ਿੀ ਰਸ਼ਨ।
Theory
Section-A
Nature, Economic problems, basic problems of an economy, economic analysis and economic policy and
tools of economics.
Gross National Product: Concepts and components, method of computation problems and difficulties in
computation especially in under developed countries.
Theories of Demand: the classical utility approach, the indifference curve approach, derivation of demand
curves, elasticities of demand.
Theory of production: Production function, elasticity of substitution Theory of cost Revenue and Revenue
curves.
Section-B
Price Determination: Price Determination under different market situations, perfect competition,
monopoly, monopolistic competition, Monopoly versus competition.
Pricing of factors of Production
Money and Banking: Definition and components of money, functions of money, functions of commercial
and central banks.
Public Finance: Objectives of fiscal policy, principles of taxation, incidence of taxation, public debt, its
burden and role, deficit financing.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
Theory
Section-A
General care of cattle, grooming, exercise, bathing, milking, observation of oestrum, dairying care during
pregnancy and at parturition production of clean milk.
Care of calves: Care and Feeding of newly born and weaned calves, numbering, tattooing, notching,
branding and ear tagging, dehorning, castration and daily weight gains.
Bull : Feeding, handling, exercise and service of Bull. Sheep, Pigs, and Poultry : Management housing
breeding and feeding. Principles and methods of incubation, breeding, rearing and housing of poultry.
Marking of eggs and birds, Broiler Production, Economics of Poultry farming.
Section-B
Principles of up-grading of buffaloes and cows. Various systems of breeding, Crossbreeding, Sire and
Dam Importance, Pedigree and Selection, linkage, heredity, important terms in breeding.
Artificial Insemination, Merits and demerits. Reproduction, Gestation, Fertility, Sterility, Castration and
Abortion.
Location of Dairy farms, grouping of different farm buildings, types of dairy farms, Sanitation drainage of
cattle sheds. Supply of clean and fresh water.
Signs of health and diseases, infections and contagious diseases, their causes, symptoms and treatment,
Milk fever and sterility. Vaccination Schedules.
Intensive Cattle Development Project, Key Village Scheme, National Dairy Development Board.
PRACTICALS
Max Marks : 40 Duration of the Paper: 3 hrs.
Methods of milking and milk recording. Collection of semen, its evaluation and extension,
Technique of insemination pregnancy, diagnancy diagnosis. Recording of body temperature, pulse and
respiration. Grading of eggs. Debeaking, Record keeping. Identification and use of common veterinary
instruments and medicines.
Administration of drugs and medicines: Drenching. Electuary, passerines, Anema, Douching
and medicines, etc. Preparation of common remedies such as ointments, lotions, mixture, polluties and
dressing of wounds.
Cleaning, sterilization and disinfection of utensils, appliances and premises. Incubator operations.
Breeding of chicks, Restraint, castration and canonization.
Books Recommended
Candidates are required to attempt two questions from each section A and B and the entire section C.
Theory
Section-A
General characteristic features of different groups of plants – Algae, Fungi, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes,
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. Evolution: Fossils, homologous organs, vestigial organs, Atavism,
Theories of organic Evolution, Lamarck’s theory, Darwin’s theory and Hugo De Vries theory of
Evolution. Variations, their types and Causes.
Section-B
Ecology : Ecological factors and their effects on the vegetation. Morphological and anatomical characters
of hydrophytes and xerophytes. Brief concept of Ecosystem, its components, food chain, food web,
ecological pyramids concept of biosphere. Source, effects and control measures of air, water and soil
pollution, Plant succession, lithosere and Hydrosere.
Physiology : Cell as a physiological unit of function absorption of water and minerals from soil, Passive
and active absorption, Ascent of sap, transpiration , signification of transpiration, Anti transpirants and
Guttation. Photosynthesis: Photosynthetic pigments, Photo system-I, Photo system-II, Calvin cycle, C3
and C4 plants. Respiration: Glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, Electron transport chain and anaerobic respiration.
Photoperiodism and vernalization Hormones and their applications in Agriculture.
PRACTICALS
Max Marks : 40 Duration of the Paper: 3 hrs.
1. Morphology and studies of Spirogyra, Rhizopus, Funaria, Dryopteris, Pinus and Mustard.
2. Morphology of some xerophytes and hydrophytes. Study of T.S. Hydrilla stem and
V.S. leaf of Nerium.
Theory
Section-A
Botany, Cultivation Practices, Improved varieties and harvesting of:
Cereals: Wheat, Maize, & Rice.
Millets: Bajra & Sorghum.
Oilseeds: Raya, Groundnut & Sunflower.
Sugar Crops: Sugarcane.
Fibre Crops: Cotton.
Section –B
Botany, Cultivation Practices, Improved varieties and harvesting of:
Pulses : Gram, Soybean, Arhar,& Moong.
Fodder Crops: Barseem, Lucerne & Cluster bean.
Tuber Crops: Potato.
Botany,part used and medicinal value of : Celery & Mentha.
PRACTICALS
Max Marks : 40 Duration of the Paper: 3 hrs.
Practical study of the cultivation, Preparation of seed bed, application of manure, sowing and harvesting
and threshing techniques of crops studied in theory. Recognition and Judging of crops for maturity and
yield. Quality tests in crops; lint in cotton, juice in sugarcane.
The students to cultivate co-operatively a block of land following a suitable rotation with all agronomic
practices.
Estimation of crops yield.
Nursery raising techniques.
Visit to experimental farm of crops.
Books Recommended
Pearson : Handbook of Agriculture ICAR, New Delhi.
Fugh B.M : Production of field Crops in India, Kitabistan, Allabhabad.
Harlison C.M : Field Crops, Mc Graw Hill Book Co., New Delhi.
P.A.U Bulletin : Package of practices for Rabi Crops.
P.A.U Bulletin : Package of practices for Kharif Crops.
Chhidda Singh, Prem Singh & : Modern techniques of rasing field Crops.
Rajbir Singh
Reddy S.R : Agronomy of Field Crops.
PAPER-XI : MANURES AND FERTILIZERS
Max Marks: 60 Theory : 44
Duration of the Paper: 3 hrs. Internal Assessment : 16
Theory
Section-A
Mineral constituents of soil, Arnons‘s criteria of essentiality of an element, essential plant nutrient
elements (macro and micro), their sources, content in soil and functions.
Mechanism of absorption, deficiency symptoms in plants. Availability in soils, mechanism of
transformation in soil.
Section-B
Fertilizers: Their classification.
Nitrogenous fertilizers: their chemistry, behavior in soil, urea, ammonium sulphate, ammonium chloride,
sodium nitrate.
Phosphatic Fertilizers: Single superphosphate Bicalcium Phosphate, Triple Superphospate their
chemistry and behavior in soil.
Potash Fertilizers: Potassium nitrate, Potassium chloride, Potassium sulphate, their chemistry and reaction
in soils.
Complex Fertilizers: UAP, MAP, DAP, Micronutrients in fertilizers for important crops.
Farm yard manures, green manures, Biofertilizers and Vermicomposts.
PRACTICALS
Max Marks : 40 Duration of the Paper: 3 hrs.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
Brady, Nyle CC : The Nature and Properties of Soil.
McMillan Publishing Co., New Delhi.
Tenhane R.V. Motiramani, : Soil Theory Chemistry and Fertility
D.P., Bali V.P & in Tropical Asia. Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.
Roth, H.D., and Truk L.H. : Fundamentals of Soil Science.
Wiley Eastern Pvt.Ltd., New Delhi.
Yawlkar, K.S. Aggarwal, J.P : Manures & Fertilizer-Agri/
KA Balkele S. Pulishing Co.Nagpur.
Ranjan Kumar Basak : Fertilizers: A Text Book
All UG Courses - II Year(Annual & 4th Semester)
Environmental and Road Safety Awareness
Session: 2017-18, 2018-19 & 2019-20
Total Marks : 100 Max Time: 3 hrs.
Theory : 70 marks Lectures per week 5
Internal Assessment: 30 Total Credit : 50
Candidates are required to attempt any two questions from each section A and B. Section C is
compulsory.
SECTION-A
INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES:
The multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies. Definition, scope and importance
Concept of Biosphere – Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere. (Credit -2)
Prevalence
phHn?;;hH n?rohebuo$j'w ;kfJz; Gkr^d{ik, gzikph bkiawh (;w?;No shik ns/ u"Ek)
2015^16, 2016^17 ns/ 2017^18 P?;B bJh
(;w?;No u"Ek)
Gkr^T
eEk tkosk (ejkDh ;zrqfj), ;zgkde bytho f;zx, vkH r[ow[y f;zx ns/ vkH wBihs e"o, gpbhe/PB
fpUo', gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh, gfNnkbk, 2015 .
Gkr^n
n^1 ;zy/g ouBk
n^2 ftnkeoDL
(i) w{b ftnkeoBe fJekJhnK dh gSkD s/ ;Ekgsh
(ii) tke pDso ns/ tke ouBk
(iii) T[gtke pDso L gSkD s/ ekoi
Gkr^J
ਭਗ ੳ ਅਤੀ ਅ ਦੀ ਼ਿਆਕਰਣ ਿੀ ਭਗ ਼ਿਚੋਂ ਸੰ ਖੀ ਉਤਰਾਂ ਿੀ ਰਸ਼ਨ।
Gkr^T
Gkr^ n
n^1 ਼ਨਜ ਼ਚਠ/ੁੱਤਰ
n^2 ਸਬਦਾਂ ਦ ਅਨਾਿਦ (ੰ ਜਬ ਤੋਂ ਅੰ ਗਰੀਜ਼ ਅਤੀ ਅੰ ਗਰੀਜ਼ ਤੋਂ ੰ ਜਬ।
Gkr^J
T[go'es gkmeqw s/ nkXkos ;zy/g T[~soK tkb/ gqPB.