Reference : http://www.webmd.

com/a-to-z-guides/complete-blood-count#1

WBC diagnostic

PCV : How
much of your blood is red blood cells. A low
score on the range scale may be a sign that you
have too little iron, the mineral that helps produce
red blood cells. A high score could mean you’re
dehydrated or have another condition. The normal
range for men is between 41% and 50%. For
women the range is between 36% and 44%.

 MCV (mean corpuscular volume). This is the

average size of your red blood cells. If they’re
bigger than normal, your MCV score goes up.
That could indicate low vitamin B12 or folate
levels. If your red blood cells are smaller, you
could have a type of anemia. A normal-range
MCV score is 80 to 95.
 Low MCV and High RDW CV indicates
microcytic anaemia, due to iron deficiency.
 While high RDW and high MCV indicates, Lack
of vitamin B12 and folate. It can also suggest
macrocytic anemia or chronic lever disease.
 MCV = size of RBC
 MCH = Amount of HB per RBC
 MCHC = Hb concentration in RBC.
In Pneumonia Neutrophil number will rise, where
as in whooping cough and measles lymphocyte will
rise.

Viral infection ususlly affect the lymphocyte count

(↑).

Bacterial infection usually affect the rise in band

nutrophils.

Eosinophils rise in some allergic condition and

parasitic infection.

RBC

MCV is the most useful indicator for anaemia.

ESR

It is nonspecific indicator of inflammatory disease

that also increased in anaemia.

HCT (mematocrit)

After centrifuge if red cell sedimentation is too thin,

indicates iron deficiency, and too thick indicates
poly cythemia vera.
Paternity from BGRH

It is not possible for a child to have RBC antigen if

its missing on both parents.

For Ex. O blood group parents cant have child with

blood group of A or B antigen.

4 types of RBC anaemia.

1. Macrolytic anaemia
Characterized by larger than normal red cells
and caused by impaired production of red
cells, such as vitamin B12 and folic acid is
lacking (eg.Pernicious anemia)

2. Normocytic anemia
Characterized by decreased in number of red
cells, which are otherwise relatively normal,
typically with no significant alteration in the
size, shape, or coloration of the red cells. (eg.
Anemia caused by sudden blood loss, as in a
bleeding peptic ulcer, most cases of
haemophilia, and purpura).

3. Simple microcytic anemia

Characterised by smaller than normal red
cells (encountered in case of chronic
inflammatory condition and in renal disease).
4. Microcytic hypochromic anemia
Characterized by reduction in red-cells size
and haemoglobin concentration (frequently
assossiated with iron deficiency anemia but
also seen in thalassaemia). Sometimes
happen due to vit B6 (pyridoxime) deficiency.

Hookworm infection is the common cause of

iron deficiency.