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the many environmental and health threats posed by a major SURSXSIDFWRU\IDUPVWKDWWKUHDWHQKXPDQKHDOWKFRQ-
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foodandwaterwatch.org
Fight like you live here.
Biogas From Factory Farm Waste Has No Place in a Clean Energy Future
What Is Biogas?
Biogas is a mixture of gases that are produced after plant and animal
material are broken down by microorganisms in a process called anaerobic
digestion.2 Anaerobic digestion — which occurs in a closed, oxygen-free
space called a digester — takes substances like manure from factory farms,
sewage sludge or food waste and “eats” the material, leaving mostly meth-
ane and carbon dioxide, among other gases. The material left over is called
digestate.3
Biogas can be converted into biomethane through the removal of hydro-
JHQVXOȴGHFDUERQGLR[LGHDQGPRLVWXUH4 It also can be treated and made
LQWRFRPSUHVVHGQDWXUDOJDV&1*RUOLTXHȴHGQDWXUDOJDV/1*5, with the
UHPRYDORIVLOR[DQHVDQGK\GURJHQVXOȴGH6, to be used to generate power
or distributed through pipelines to homes and businesses.
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FDUERQGLR[LGHDQGWUDFHDPRXQWVRIRWKHUJDVHV9%LRPHWK- FURSODQGDVIHUWLOL]HUOHDGLQJWRUXQRLQWRVXUIDFHZDWHUV
DQHW\SLFDOO\FRQWDLQVPRUHWKDQSHUFHQWPHWKDQH DQGOHDFKLQJLQWRJURXQGZDWHUZKLFKLPSDFWVKXPDQ
0HWKDQHLVDSRWHQWJUHHQKRXVHJDVQHDUO\WLPHVPRUH KHDOWKDQGQHDUE\FRPPXQLWLHV$QGXQOLNHKXPDQVHZ-
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methane production is actually similar to that of fossil fuel PHWKDQHHPLVVLRQVLQWKH86DJULFXOWXUDOVHFWRU217KH
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The high costs of factory farm manure WRPLOOLRQWRFRQVWUXFWGHSHQGLQJRQWKHVL]HGHVLJQ
:RUOGZLGHIDFWRU\IDUPVSURGXFHPLOOLRQVRIWRQVRI DQGIHDWXUHV7KHPRQH\EHLQJIXQQHOHGLQWRGLJHVWHUV
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foodandwaterwatch.org 2
Biogas From Factory Farm Waste Has No Place in a Clean Energy Future
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ZRUNHUVDQGORFDOUHVLGHQWV Rural communities across the United States are
being targeted for new digesters. In late 2018,
Biogas in the United States 6PLWKȴHOG)RRGVDQQRXQFHGLWVSODQVWREXLOG
“manure-to-energy” projects at 90 percent of the fa-
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cilities raising its pigs — in Missouri, Utah and North
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Carolina — with the goal of achieving greenhouse
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gas emission reductions.37 This $250 million joint
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venture with Dominion Energy will convert existing
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anaerobic lagoons into covered digesters, which will
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capture biogas that will then be transported to pro-
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cessing facilities around the country to be turned
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into natural gas.38
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WKHP28 The partnership claims “to promote cleaner energy,
sustainable family farms, and a brighter future for
ΖQDFWXDOLW\VRPHIDUPHUVZHUHȴQGLQJWKDWWKHFRVWVWR rural communities.”39 But the creation of even more
UXQELRJDVRSHUDWLRQVZHUHH[FHHGLQJWKHPRQH\HDUQHG dirty natural gas through anaerobic digestion at large
IURPJHQHUDWLQJHOHFWULFLW\29$GUDVWLFGHFOLQHLQHOHFWULFLW\ factory farms will do nothing for independent family-
SULFHVLQWKHSDVWGHFDGHKDVPDGHVHOOLQJWKHHOHFWULFLW\WR scale farms because digesters require such large
WKHJULGOHVVSURȴWDEOH 7KLVFRXSOHGZLWKWKHFKDQJLQJ quantities of manure. This amount of manure can
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OHQJHVIURPQHLJKERULQJFRPPXQLWLHVKDVUHVXOWHGLQWKH animals.
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(3$DVRI-DQXDU\DWOHDVWDQDHURELFGLJHVWHUV verse health impacts and property destruction. After
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comes right on the heels of these lawsuits, which em-
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phasized just how dangerous pig manure lagoons and
foodandwaterwatch.org
Biogas From Factory Farm Waste Has No Place in a Clean Energy Future
foodandwaterwatch.org
Biogas From Factory Farm Waste Has No Place in a Clean Energy Future
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We must reject biogas as renewable energy
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Endnotes
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foodandwaterwatch.org
Biogas From Factory Farm Waste Has No Place in a Clean Energy Future
Food & Water Watch mobilizes regular people to build political power to move bold
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