Overview and Applications

7UT8x Exercises, Solutions

© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved. Answers for infrastructure and cities.
Exercise for CT matching, 2 side trafo

SN = 80 MVA
UN2 = 30 kV UN1 = 110 kV
2000/1A 600/5A
IP2 = ?A IP1 = 357A
(load current) Side 2 Side 1 (load current)
InO2 = ?A InO1 = ?A
IS2 = ?A IS1 ?A measured
secondary current

7UT8x
7UT6x

Im1 = ?A Im2 = ?A

ImDiff = ?
ImRest = ?

02/2011 Page 2
Exercise for CT matching, 2 side trafo, Solution

SN
1. Calculation of the transformer nominal current IObj <
3 √ UN
INCTprim
2. Correction factor for each measuring point k xm <
INObj
3. Correction nominal current Ixm = kxm·IS / INCTsec

4. Calculation of the differential and restraint current IDiff = |I1m + I2m| IRest = max(|I1m| , |I2m|)
(7UT8x)

Calculation resuls:

SN = 80 MVA UN1 = 110kV UN2 = 30kV

IN1_CT = 600A IN2_CT = 2000A
IN1_Ob = 419.89A IN2_Ob = 1539.60A
IDiff = 0A
Correction factors: k1m = 1.429 k2m = 1.299
IRest = 0.85A
Load conditions: Ip1 = 357A Ip2 = -1309A
Secondary currents: Is1 = 2.975A Is2 = -0.6545A
Matched currents: I1m = 0.850A I2m = -0.850A

02/2011 Page 5
 Exercise for CT matching, 2 side trafo, Solution

5. The reference side of the protection device is the side with the biggest apparent power SNx . If there
are more sides which have the biggest apparent power the side with the higher object current (nominal
current of the transformer ) is the reference side.

In our example both sides have the same apparent power, therefore side 2 is the reference side.

02/2011 Page 6
Exercise for CT matching, 3 side trafo
SNT1 = 80 MVA ; UNT1 = 110kV

600A / 5A ILd1 = 357A

SNT3 = 40 MVA ; UNT3 = 10 kV

2000A / 1A SNT2 = 40 MVA ; UNT2 = 30 kV

2000A / 1A

ILd2 = 1150 A
7UT8
7UT6

Now we have a similar power transformer with 3 windings. Side 1

and side 2 voltages and CTs remain, the power of side 2 and side 3
is now 40 MVA.

02/2011 Page 7
Exercise for CT matching, 3 side trafo, Solution

1. How big are the object currents on side 1,2 and 3? SNTmax
IObjx <
3 √ U NTx
80 MVA 80 MVA 80 MVA
I Obj1 < < 419 .9 A I Obj2 < < 1539 .6 A I Obj3 < < 4618 .8 A
3 √ 110kV 3 √ 30kV 3 √ 10kV

2. Please calculate the matching factor for each measuring point. Why are the object currents and the matching factors
of side 1 and 2 the same as for the 2 winding transformer before?
I NCTprim
k mx < k m1 < 1.429 k m2 < 1.3 k m3 < 0.433
I Obj

The object currents of side 1 and 2 are the same as for the 2 winding transformer because the reference power and the
voltages on side 1 and 2 are the same. With the same IObj1,2 and the same CT primary currents the matching factors
remain the same.
I Px
I mx < √1A
3. The load current on side 1 is: ILd1 = 357A, on side 2: ILd2 = 1155A I Objx
How big are the matching currents Ixm on side 1 and side 2?

Im1 = 0.85A ; Im2 = - 0.75A ;

4. Assumed a fault free operation. How big is the matching current on side 3?
Im1 + Im2 + Im3 = 0 => Im3 = - 0.1A

5. How big is the primary load current on side 3 (ILd3)

ILd3 = Im3 * IObj3 / 1A = 0.1A * 4618.8A / 1A = 461.9A

02/2011 Page 9
Protection of medium-sized transformer
Given single diagram: Part 1

7SJ85

7UT8x

Page 11 03/2013 Energy Automation IC-Sector

 Protection of medium-sized transformer
Exercises, Solution

Part 1 (see SLD on next page):

1. Please do the exercise only for the 7UT8x.

2. Configure the necessary device with the online-configurator, store the selected device in a pdf-file.
Use the smallest HW configuration which is possible. Without online configurator you can start with
this short code: P1F110811

3. Calculate the necessary CTs

Given technical data:
Rated power: 200 MVA; usc 10.5%; Dyn5; Voltage: HV: 132 kV; MV: 30 kV

SN 200MVA
SN < 3U N I N INx < IN1 < < 874,8A
3U Nx 3 * 132kV
IN2 < IN1 * nv < 874,8A * 132kV / 32kV < 3608,4A

Selection of CTs: side 1: 1000 A / 1 A; side 2: 4000 A / 1A

4. Engineer the selected devices with DIGSI 5 (Measuring points, function groups, functions,
connections between everything). Check for inconsistencies and solve them.

Page 12 03/2013 Energy Automation IC-Sector

Protection of medium-sized transformer
Given single diagram: Part 2

7SJ85

7UT8x

Page 14 03/2013 Energy Automation IC-Sector

 Protection of medium-sized transformer
Exercises, Solution

Part 2 (see SLD on next page):

The customer wants an additional O/C protection in the starpoint but connected to a separate CT. Why
could this be reasonable?
If one starpoint CT is used for a REF this CT must be dimensioned as strong as the phase CTs,
also for the pirmary nominal current. For a rather sensitive ground fault protection a CT with
a smaller prim nominal current is suitable.
Set up the necessary structure (MP, FG, connections between them, protection function).

Why can you not use a second FG "trafo starpoint" for this purpose?
A FG starpoint must be connected to a transformer side as it serves e.g. for the I0 compensation.
To one side one cannot connect more than one FG starpoint because a real transformer has
only one starpoint per side. To connect the FG starpoint to the other side is not a good idea
because this side does not have a starpoint.
Which O/C protection function do you need to select?
50N / 51N O/C 1 - ph

Check for inconsistencies and solve them.

Page 15 03/2013 Energy Automation IC-Sector

Protection of medium-sized transformer
Given single diagram: Part 3

Dyn5yn5
CB
200MVA / 120 MVA / 80 MVA
132 kV / 30 kV / 20 kV

side1
51N

Y Y

side3 side2
87N 87T

51 51N
CB 7UT8x
87N
CB CB

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 Protection of medium-sized transformer
Exercises, Solution

Part 3 (see SLD on next page):

The 7UT85 should be used now to protect a new transformer, Dyn5yn5.

Expand the HW of the device adding a IO 203 for the 2 additional current transformers.
Side 3 has 2 CTs in a 1.5 CB topology. This side should be protected via an additional 87N (REF).

Extend the structure of MP, FG and functions adapting them to the new situation.
Which CT nominal currents would you select for side 3?
The transformer nominal current is 2309A; with 1.5 CB approximately every CT contributes to
50%, therefore a CT primary current of 1500A fits well.
Please make the settings for the 3 transformer sides and for the transformer diff protection.

Page 18 03/2013 Energy Automation IC-Sector

Protection of medium-sized transformer
Given single diagram: Part 4

Dyn5yn5
CB
200MVA / 120 MVA / 80 MVA
132 kV / 30 kV / 20 kV

side1 51N

Y Y

side3 side2
87N 87T

51 51N 21
CB
87L
7UT8x
87N
CB CB

Page 20 03/2013 Energy Automation IC-Sector

 Exercise for CT dimensioning
solution

a) what is the nominal current of the transformer on side 1? Side 1

12MVA,
I NT 1 < S NT ( 3 * U NT 1 ) < 12 MVA /( 3 * 13 ,8 kV ) < 502 A 13,8kV
D0
b) how big is the max. fault current on side 1 for a fault on side 2?
I 1F ,S 2 < I NT 1 u sc < 502 A / 0 ,12 < 4183 A
Side 2 Side 3
c) what are the requirements for the CT when used with a 7UT86? 8 MVA, 4 MVA,
2,4 kV 0,48 kV
internal faults: ALF'req= 0,5 ISSC/Ip = 0,5*41kA / 600A = 34,16;
yn11 yn11
external faults: ALF'req= 2 ISSC/Ip = 2* 4183A / 600 A = 13,9

d) what is the ALF of the CT? what is the ALF' ? ALF ' < ALF ∂( P i ∗ P bN ( P i ∗ P b )
mm 2
2 * 8 m * 0 ,0175 ς
2 lθ m
Rl < < < 0 ,07 ς ; P l < R l * I 2
< 0 ,07 ς * 25 A 2 < 1,75VA ; P rel < 0 ,1VA
A 4 mm 2

P b <( 1,75 ∗ 0 ,1 )VA < 1,85VA

ALF ' < ALF ∂( P i ∗ P bN ( P i ∗ P b ) < 10 *( 3VA ∗ 15VA ) /( 3VA ∗ 1,85VA ) < 10 * 3 ,71 < 37 ,1

e) conclusion: ALF'real = 37,1; ALF'req= 34,16 ; ok!

02/2011 Page 27