Crust Punk - Wikipedia

6/19/2019 Crust punk - Wikipedia
Crust punk
Crust punk (also known as crust or stenchcore[5] ) is a form of music
influenced by English punk rock and extreme metal.[6] The style, which
Crust punk
evolved in the early-1980s in England,[7] often has songs with dark and Other Crust · stenchcore
pessimistic lyrics that linger on political and social ills. The term "crust" names
was coined by Hellbastard on their 1986 Ripper Crust demo.[8] Stylistic Anarcho-punk ·
origins proto-extreme metal[1]
Crust is partly defined by its "bassy" and "dirty" sound. It is often played at
· biker metal[2] ·
a fast tempo with occasional slow sections. Vocals are usually guttural and
D-beat[3]
may be grunted, growled or screamed. Crust punk takes cues from the
anarcho-punk of Crass and Discharge[6] and the heavy metal of bands like Cultural Early-1980s, England
Venom, Trouble, Hellhammer, Celtic Frost, Black Sabbath and origins
Motörhead.[6][9] While the term was first associated with Hellbastard, Typical Electric guitar · bass ·
Amebix have been described as the originators of the style, along with instruments drums · vocals
Discharge and Antisect.[6]
Derivative Grindcore[4]
forms
Subgenres
Contents Crustcore
Characteristics Fusion genres
Instrumentation
Blackened crust, crack rock steady
Vocals and lyrics
History
Other topics
Precursors Crossover thrash · metalcore ·
1980s sludge metal · thrashcore ·
1990s thrash metal · black metal
2000s
Relations with other genres
Industrial
Grindcore
Thrashcore and powerviolence
Crustcore
Crack rock steady
Blackened crust
Clothing
List of bands
Crust punk record labels
See also
References
Further reading
Characteristics
Instrumentation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crust_punk 1/11
Crust punk is a derivative form of hardcore punk and anarcho-punk, mixed with metal riffs.[6] The tempos are often
fast, but just short of thrashcore or grindcore. However, many groups confine themselves to a crawling, sludgy pace.
The overall musical sound has been described as being "stripped down".[10] Drumming is typically done at high speed,
with D-beats sometimes being used.[3]
Vocals and lyrics

Vocals in crust punk are often shrieked or shouted, and may be shared between two or more vocalists. The lyrical
content of crust punk tends to be bleak and nihilistic, yet politically engaged. Crust punk songs are often about nuclear
war, militarism, animal rights, police, personal grievances, oppressive states and fascism. Amebix were also interested
in various forms of mysticism and Gnosticism.[9] Malcolm "Scruff" Lewty, guitarist and vocalist of Hellbastard,
describes the distinction between metal and crust punk lyrics:
Metal lyrics were so dumb, so far removed from daily life. Venom were going on about Satan... and
bikes... and Satan... and women... and Satan! You know what? I never got up in the morning and said,
'Fuck yeah! Satan! Let's go and meet my disciples from Hell!' I'd switch on the TV and know I was going
to see hundreds of people dying because there'd been an earthquake in the third world... and all these
people starving to death while military expenditure still increased... That was — and still is — the reality
of it. The whole heavy metal thing is just an escape from reality, into this other world of... well, bullshit
basically.[11]
History
Precursors
The initial inspiration for the crust punk scene came from the anarcho-punk of Crass[6] and D-beat of Discharge.[4]
Swedish D-beat groups such as Crude SS, Skitslickers/Anti Cimex and Mob 47 and the Finnish Rattus were also early
influences.[12] Amebix also brought in influences from various post-punk bands, including Public Image Ltd.,
Bauhaus, Joy Division, and especially Killing Joke.[9] The early metal sound of Black Sabbath and Motörhead was also
a big influence on both Amebix and Antisect.
1980s
Crust was founded by the bands Amebix[3][13] and Antisect.[6] The term
"crust" was coined by Hellbastard on their 1986 Ripper Crust demo.[6] As
punk historian Ian Glasper puts it,
'Rippercrust' is widely regarded as the first time the word

'crust' was used in the punk context, and hence the specific
starting point of the whole crust punk genre, although some
would attribute that accolade to the likes of Disorder, Chaos
UK, and Amebix several years earlier. Pioneering English crust punk band
Antisect performing in Finland in
— [8] 2011
Malcolm "Scruff" Lewty, vocalist and guitarist of the group, commented,
A lot of people say we started the crust punk genre, but whatever. If they wanna say that, I don't mind,
but I'm certainly no Malcolm McLaren, saying I invented something I didn't.
— [8]
Punk journalist Felix von Havoc contends that Doom, Excrement of War, Electro Hippies and Extreme Noise Terror
were among the first bands to have the traditional UK "crust" sound.[6] Additional subgenres of this style began to
develop. Deviated Instinct, from Norwich, created "stenchcore", bringing "both the look and sound — dirty and
metallic, respectively — to their natural conclusion".[14] Initially an anarcho-punk group, they began to take increasing
influence from metal. As vocalist Julian "Leggo" Kilsby comments,
We were very much a part of the anarcho scene, to start with, very politically motivated... all the way
through the band's existence, really, although it got less obvious as time went by. But I never really liked
the straightforward 'War is bad...' lyrics that were so prevalent at the time, so as my writing skills
improved I wanted to add more depth to our lyrics and make them more metaphorical; I'd always been
into horror films, so that started to manifest itself in the imagery I was using...
— [15]
Extreme Noise Terror is credited with developing this style into grindcore.[4] However, Pete Hurley, the guitarist for
the group, declared that he had no interest in being remembered as a pioneer of this style: "'grindcore' was a
legendarily stupid term coined by a hyperactive kid from the West Midlands, and it had nothing to do with us
whatsoever. ENT were, are, and — I suspect — always will be a hardcore punk band... not a grindcore band, a
stenchcore band, a trampcore band, or any other sub-sub-sub-core genre-defining term you can come up with."[16]
American crust punk began in New York City, also in the mid-1980s, with the work of Nausea. The group emerged
from the Lower East Side squat scene and New York hardcore,[17] living with Roger Miret of Agnostic Front.[18] The
early work of Neurosis, from San Francisco, also borrowed from Amebix, and inaugurated crust punk on the West
Coast.[19][20] Disrupt (Boston),[21] Antischism (South Carolina), MISERY and Destroy (Minneapolis) were also
significant U.S. crust groups.[6]
1990s
An important American crust punk band was Aus Rotten[22] from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Crust punk also
flourished in Minneapolis, shepherded by the Profane Existence label.[12] In this period, the ethos of crust punk
became particularly codified, with vegetarianism, feminism, and sometimes straight edge being prescribed by many of
the figures in the scene.[12] The powerviolence scene associated with Slap-a-Ham Records was in close proximity to
crust punk, particularly in the case of Man Is the Bastard and Dropdead.[23] Crust was also prominent in the American
South, where Prank Records and CrimethInc. acted as focal points of the scene. The most well-known representative
of Southern crust was His Hero Is Gone.[3][24] Prominent crust punk groups (Driller Killer, Totalitär, Skitsystem,
Wolfbrigade, and Disfear) also emerged from Sweden, which had always had a strong D-beat scene. Many of these
groups developed in parallel with the much more commercial Scandinavian death metal scene.[25]
2000s
Some notable crust bands in the 2000s include Iskra,[26] Behind Enemy Lines,[27] and Tragedy. The Spanish city A
Coruña has a crust scene which includes bands as Black Panda, Ekkaia and Madame Germen.[28] In 2017, Bandcamp
Daily wrote that Fluff Fest, held in Czechia since 2000, has become a "summer ritual" for many fans of crust punk in
Europe.[29]
Relations with other genres
Industrial
As Amebix was heavily influenced by Killing Joke,[6][9] who are among the
founders of industrial rock,[30] crust punk has always had some
relationship to this style. Nausea also eventually incorporated elements of
industrial rock.[31]
Grindcore
Crust punk had a major impact on grindcore's emergence. The first
grindcore, practiced by the British bands such as Napalm Death and
Extreme Noise Terror emerged from the crust punk scene.[6] This early
style is sometimes dubbed "crustgrind".[4]
Thrashcore and powerviolence

The thrashcore and powerviolence genres which emerged from American Vivian Slaughter of Gallhammer.
hardcore punk are also linked to crust, in the cases of Man Is the Bastard,
Dropdead,[23] Septic Death and The Accüsed.[32]
Crustcore
Crustcore (also known as crusty hardcore), is a sub-genre of crust punk that takes influence from hardcore punk and
sometimes thrashcore. Felix Havok described Extreme Noise Terror's segment of the "Earslaughter" split album with
Chaos UK as the first album in the genre. Crustcore bands include Extreme Noise Terror, Doom, Disrupt,[6]
Wolfbrigade,[33] Neurosis,[34] Baptists,[35] Discharge[36] and Filth[37]
Crack rock steady

Crack rock steady is a punk rock fusion-genre, which combines elements of crust punk and ska punk.[38] Lyrics often
focus on themes such as drug-use, religion[38] politics[39] and social issues.[40] Other genres sometimes incorporated
in conjunction with the style include black metal,[40] hardcore punk[38] classical music and heavy metal[41] Notable
bands within the genre include Choking Victim, Leftöver Crack, Morning Glory and Star Fucking Hipsters.[38]
Blackened crust
Crust punk groups, such as Antisect, Sacrilege and Anti System took some influence from early black metal bands like
Venom, Hellhammer, and Celtic Frost,[6] while Amebix's lead vocalist and guitarist sent his band's early demo tape to
Cronos of Venom, who replied by saying "We’ll rip you off".[42] Similarly, Bathory was initially inspired by crust punk
as well as heavy metal.[43] Crust punk was affected by a second wave of black metal in the 1990s, with some bands
emphasizing these black metal elements. Iskra are probably the most obvious example of second wave black metal-
influenced crust punk;[26] Iskra coined their own phrase "blackened crust" to describe their new style. The Japanese
group Gallhammer also fused crust punk with black metal[44] while the English band Fukpig has been said to have
elements of crust punk, black metal, and grindcore.[45][46] Germany's Downfall of Gaia has been described as mixing
crustgrind and black metal, along with elements of sludge metal, doom metal and post-metal.[47] North Carolina's
Young and in the Way have been playing blackened crust since their formation in 2009.[48] In addition, Norwegian
band Darkthrone have incorporated crust punk traits in their more recent material. As Daniel Ekeroth wrote in 2008,
In a very ironic paradox, black metal and crust punk have recently started to embrace one another.
Members of Darkthrone and Satyricon have lately claimed that they love punk, while among crusties,
black metal is the latest fashion. In fact, the latest album by crust punk band Skitsystem sounds very
black metal--while the latest black metal opus by Darkthrone sounds very punk! This would have been
unimaginable in the early 90s.
— [49]
Clothing
Crust punk also has an associated DIY-oriented branch of punk garb. Similar to anarcho-punk, most clothing is black
in color. Denim jackets and hooded sweatshirts with sewn-on patches, or vests covered in studs, spikes and band
patches are characteristic elements of the crust punk style of dress or pants covered in band patches.[50][51] Crusties
sometimes wear dreadlocks.[52]
Julian "Leggo" Kilsby of Deviated Instinct describes crust as "a punk-y biker look, more akin to Mad Max. Mad Max 2
is the crustiest film ever made!"[53]
List of bands
Band Country Formed Notes
Agrimonia Sweden 2005 [54]
Amebix UK 1978 [55]
Anti Cimex Sweden 1981 [54]
Antischism USA 1988 [6]
Antisect UK 1982 [56]
Anti System UK 1981 [6]
Aus-Rotten USA 1992 [54]
Avskum Sweden 1982 [7]
Behind Enemy Lines USA 2000 [57]
Broken Bones UK 1983 [58]
Concrete Sox UK 1984 [6]
[59]
Corrupt Leaders Canada 2013
Cult Leader US 2013 [60]
Darkthrone Norway 1987 [49]
Deviated Instinct UK 1984 [6]
Dirt UK 1980 [61]
Discharge UK 1977 [6]
Disfear Sweden 1992 [62][63]
Disrupt USA 1987 [54]
Doom UK 1987 [61]
Down Among the Dead Men Scandinavia 2013 [64]
Downfall of Gaia Germany 2008 [47]
Driller Killer Sweden 1993 [65]
Dystopia USA 1991 [66]
Early Graves USA 2007 [67]
Extreme Noise Terror UK 1985 [6]
Fall of Efrafa UK 2005 [54]
Filth USA 1989 [68]
Final Warning USA 1982 [7]
F-Minus USA 1995 [69]
From Ashes Rise USA 1997 [70]
Band Country Formed Notes
Fleas and Lice The Netherlands 1993 [61]
Gallhammer Japan 2003 [61]
Gauze Japan 1981 [6]
Hellbastard UK 1986 [61]
His Hero Is Gone USA 1995 [71]
Iron Monkey UK 1994 [72]
Kaaos Finland 1980 [7]
Leftöver Crack USA 1998 [73]
Mob 47 Sweden 1982 [54]
Nausea USA 1985 [74]
Neurosis USA 1985 [54]
Raw Radar War USA 2002 [75]
Sacrilege UK 1984 [6]
Septic Tank UK 1994 [76]
Skarp USA 1999 [77]
Skitsystem Sweden 1994 [54]
Sore Throat UK 1987 [78]
Svalbard UK 2011 [79]
Tau Cross International 2013 [80][81]
Totem Skin Sweden 2012 [82]
Toxic Narcotic USA 1989 [68]
Tragedy USA 1995 [54]
The Varukers UK 1979 [6]
Vorvaň Russia 2009 [83]
Wolfbrigade Sweden 1995 [84]
Young and in the Way USA 2009 [85]
Crust punk record labels

Havoc Records
Moshpit Tragedy Records
Profane Existence
Black Konflik Records
See also
Anarcho-punk
Grindcore
D-beat
Animal rights and punk subculture
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Further reading
Ekeroth, Daniel (2008). Swedish Death Metal. Bazillion Points Books. ISBN 978-0-9796163-1-0
Glasper, Ian (2004). Burning Britain: The History of UK Punk 1980-1984. Cherry Red Books. ISBN 1-901447-24-3
Glasper, Ian (2006). The Day the Country Died: A History of Anarcho Punk 1980 to 1984. Cherry Red Books.
ISBN 1-901447-70-7
Glasper, Ian (2009). Trapped in a Scene: UK Hardcore 1985-1989. Cherry Red Books. ISBN 978-1-901447-61-3
"In Grind We Crust," Terrorizer #181, March 2009, p. 46, 51.
Mudian, Albert (2000). Choosing Death: The Improbable History of Death Metal and Grindcore. Feral House.
ISBN 1-932595-04-X
Profane Existence (1997). Making Punk a Threat Again: Profane Existence: Best Cuts 1989-1993. Loincloth.
ASIN: B000J2M8GS
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Vocals and lyrics

'Rippercrust' is widely regarded as the first time the word

Malcolm "Scruff" Lewty, vocalist and guitarist of the group, commented,

Relations with other genres

Thrashcore and powerviolence

Crack rock steady

Band Country Formed Notes

Agrimonia Sweden 2005 [54]

Amebix UK 1978 [55]

Anti Cimex Sweden 1981 [54]

Antischism USA 1988 [6]

Antisect UK 1982 [56]

Anti System UK 1981 [6]

Aus-Rotten USA 1992 [54]

Avskum Sweden 1982 [7]

Behind Enemy Lines USA 2000 [57]

Broken Bones UK 1983 [58]

Concrete Sox UK 1984 [6]

Cult Leader US 2013 [60]

Darkthrone Norway 1987 [49]

Deviated Instinct UK 1984 [6]

Dirt UK 1980 [61]

Discharge UK 1977 [6]

Disfear Sweden 1992 [62][63]

Disrupt USA 1987 [54]

Doom UK 1987 [61]

Down Among the Dead Men Scandinavia 2013 [64]

Downfall of Gaia Germany 2008 [47]

Driller Killer Sweden 1993 [65]

Dystopia USA 1991 [66]

Early Graves USA 2007 [67]

Extreme Noise Terror UK 1985 [6]

Fall of Efrafa UK 2005 [54]

Filth USA 1989 [68]

Final Warning USA 1982 [7]

F-Minus USA 1995 [69]

From Ashes Rise USA 1997 [70]

Band Country Formed Notes

Fleas and Lice The Netherlands 1993 [61]

Gallhammer Japan 2003 [61]

Gauze Japan 1981 [6]

Hellbastard UK 1986 [61]

His Hero Is Gone USA 1995 [71]

Iron Monkey UK 1994 [72]

Kaaos Finland 1980 [7]

Leftöver Crack USA 1998 [73]

Mob 47 Sweden 1982 [54]

Nausea USA 1985 [74]

Neurosis USA 1985 [54]

Raw Radar War USA 2002 [75]

Sacrilege UK 1984 [6]

Septic Tank UK 1994 [76]

Skarp USA 1999 [77]

Skitsystem Sweden 1994 [54]

Sore Throat UK 1987 [78]

Svalbard UK 2011 [79]

Tau Cross International 2013 [80][81]

Totem Skin Sweden 2012 [82]

Toxic Narcotic USA 1989 [68]

Tragedy USA 1995 [54]

The Varukers UK 1979 [6]

Vorvaň Russia 2009 [83]

Wolfbrigade Sweden 1995 [84]