ASSIGNMENT 1

Human Development and Learning

EDU 302
SPRING 2019
Lecture: 1-4

Question 1 (10 Marks)

 What are the main influences of Piaget’s theory on cognitive development of child? Why is Piaget’s
theory of cognitive development consistent with active learning?

Piaget's (1936) theory of cognitive development explains how a child constructs mental model of the world. He
disagreed that intelligence was a fixed trait, and considered cognitive development as a process which occurs
due to biological maturation and interaction with the environment. What Piaget wanted was not to measure how
well children could count, spell or solve problems as a way of grading their I.Q. What he was more interested in
was the way in which fundamental concepts like idea of number, time, quantity, causality, justice and so on
emerged.
Before Piaget’s work, the common assumption in psychology was that children are less competent thinkers than
adults. Piaget showed that young children think in different ways compared to adults.
According to Piaget, children are born with basic mental structure that is genetically inherited and evolved on
which all learning and knowledge are based.
His theory explain the mechanisms and processes by which the infant, and then the child, develops into an
individual who can reason and think using hypotheses.
According to him Children construct an understanding of the world around them, then experience between what
they already know and what they discover in their environment.

Question 2 (10 Marks)

 Take at least three of the personality tests listed below.
 When you are finished, write about the results.
 Do you agree or disagree with the results and why?

1. Keirsey Temperament Sorter®-II http://www.advisorteam.com/temperament_sorter/register.asp?par

(KTS®-II) tid=1
2. Similar Minds personality Test http://similarminds.com/myers-briggs.html

3. Jung Typology Test™ http://www.humanmetrics.com/cgi-win/JTypes1.htm

4. 16 Personalities Test https://www.16personalities.com/free-personality-test

Result of first link:

 My personality type is IDEALIST. Idealists are passionately concerned with personal growth and development.
Idealists strive to discover who they are and how they can become their best possible self -- always this quest
for self-knowledge and self-improvement drives their imagination. And they want to help others make the
journey. Idealists are naturally drawn to working with people, and whether in education or counseling, in social
services or personnel work, in journalism or the ministry, they are gifted at helping others find their way in life,
often inspiring them to grow as individuals and to fulfill their potentials.
Idealists are sure that friendly cooperation is the best way for people to achieve their goals. Conflict and
confrontation upset them because they seem to put up angry barriers between people. Idealists dream of creating
harmonious, even caring personal relations, and they have a unique talent for helping people get along with
each other and work together for the good of all. Such interpersonal harmony might be a romantic ideal, but
then Idealists are incurable romantics who prefer to focus on what might be, rather than what is. The real,
practical world is only a starting place for Idealists; they believe that life is filled with possibilities waiting to be
realized, rich with meanings calling out to be understood. This idea of a mystical or spiritual dimension to life,
the "not visible" or the "not yet" that can only be known through intuition or by a leap of faith, is far more
important to Idealists than the world of material things.
Highly ethical in their actions, Idealists hold themselves to a strict standard of personal integrity.
They must be true to themselves and to others, and they can be quite hard on themselves when they are
dishonest, or when they are false or insincere. More often, however, Idealists are the very soul of kindness.
Particularly in their personal relationships, Idealists are without question filled with love and good will. They
believe in giving of themselves to help others; they cherish a few warm, sensitive friendships; they strive for a
special rapport with their children; and in marriage they wish to find a "soulmate," someone with whom they
can bond emotionally and spiritually, sharing their deepest feelings and their complex inner worlds.
Idealists are relatively rare, making up no more than 15 to 20 percent of the population. But their ability to
inspire people with their enthusiasm and their idealism has given them influence far beyond their numbers.

Conclusion:
This result was astonishing as I was not expecting it to be hundred percent true. I agree with the results I Didn’t
knew my personality type before but now I know.

Result of third link:

My personality type is INTJ.
Introvert (6%) intuitive (19%) Thinking (3%) Judging (22%)

 You have slight preference of Introversion over Extraversion (6%)

 You have slight preference of Intuition over Sensing (19%)
 You have marginal or no preference of Thinking over Feeling (3%)
 You have slight preference of Judging over Perceiving (22%)

To outsiders, INTJs may appear to project an aura of "definiteness", of self-confidence. This self-confidence,
sometimes mistaken for simple arrogance by the less decisive, is actually of a very specific rather than a general
nature; its source lies in the specialized knowledge systems that most people of this type start building at an
early age. When it comes to their own areas of expertise -- and INTJs can have several -- they will be able to tell
you almost immediately whether or not they can help you, and if so, how. INTJs know what they know, and
perhaps still more importantly, they know what they don't know.
People of this type are perfectionists, with a seemingly endless capacity for improving upon anything that takes
their interest. What prevents them from becoming chronically bogged down in this pursuit of perfection is the
pragmatism so characteristic of the type: INTJs apply (often ruthlessly) the criterion "Does it work?" to
everything from their own research efforts to the prevailing social norms. This in turn produces an unusual
independence of mind, freeing them from the constraints of authority, convention, or sentiment for its own sake.

INTJs are known as the "Systems Builders" of the types, perhaps in part because they possess the unusual trait
combination of imagination and reliability. Whatever system this type happens to be working on is for them the
equivalent of a moral cause to an INFJ; both perfectionism and disregard for authority may come into play, as
INTJs can be unsparing of both themselves and the others on the project. Anyone considered to be "slacking,"
including superiors, will lose their respect -- and will generally be made aware of this; INTJs have also been
known to take it upon themselves to implement critical decisions without consulting their supervisors or co-
workers. On the other hand, they do tend to be scrupulous and even-handed about recognizing the individual
contributions that have gone into a project, and have a gift for seizing opportunities which others might not even
notice.

In the broadest terms, what INTJs "do" tends to be what they "know"? Typical INTJ career choices are in the
sciences and engineering, but they can be found wherever a combination of intellect and incisiveness are
required (e.g., law, some areas of academia). People of this type can rise to management positions when they
are willing to invest time in marketing their abilities as well as enhancing them, and (whether for the sake of
ambition or the desire for privacy) many also find it useful to learn to simulate some degree of surface
conformism in order to mask their inherent unconventionality.

Conclusion:

The result of this site covered another aspect of my personality that was not covered by the first link .I also
agree with this result. This site also pinpointed my personality up to the mark

Result of Fourth link:

My personality type is MEDIATOR. Mediator personalities are TRUE IDEALISTS, always looking for the hint
of good in even the worst of people and events, searching for ways to make things better. While they may be
perceived as calm, reserved, or even shy, Mediators have an inner flame and passion that can truly shine.
Comprising just 4% of the population, the risk of feeling misunderstood is unfortunately high for the Mediator
personality type – but when they find like-minded people to spend their time with, the harmony they feel will be
a fountain of joy and inspiration. Being a part of the Diplomat Role group, Mediators are guided by their
principles, rather than by logic (Analysts), excitement (Explorers), or practicality (Sentinels). When deciding
how to move forward, they will look to honor, beauty, morality and virtue – Mediators are led by the purity of
their intent, not rewards and punishments. People who share the Mediator personality type are proud of this
quality, and rightly so, but not everyone understands the drive behind these feelings, and it can lead to isolation.

We Know What We Are, but Know Not What We May Be

At their best, these qualities enable Mediators to communicate deeply with others, easily speaking in metaphors
and parables, and understanding and creating symbols to share their ideas. Fantasy worlds in particular fascinate
Mediators, more than any other personality type. The strength of their visionary communication style lends
itself well to creative works, and it comes as no surprise that many famous Mediators are poets, writers and
actors. Understanding themselves and their place in the world is important to Mediators, and they explore these
ideas by projecting themselves into their work.
Mediators have a talent for self-expression, revealing their beauty and their secrets through metaphors and
fictional characters.
Mediators’ ability with language doesn’t stop with their native tongue, either – as with most people who share
the Diplomat personality types, they are considered gifted when it comes to learning a second (or third!)
language. Their gift for communication also lends itself well to Mediators’ desire for harmony, a recurring
theme with Diplomats, and helps them to move forward as they find their calling.
Listen to Many People, but Talk to Few
Unlike their extraverted cousins though, Mediators will focus their attention on just a few people, a single
worthy cause – spread too thinly, they’ll run out of energy, and even become dejected and overwhelmed by all
the bad in the world that they can’t fix. This is a sad sight for Mediators’ friends, who will come to depend on
their rosy outlook.
If they are not careful, Mediators can lose themselves in their quest for good and neglect the day-to-day upkeep
that life demands. Mediators often drift into deep thought, enjoying contemplating the hypothetical and the
philosophical more than any other personality type. Left unchecked, Mediators may start to lose touch,
withdrawing into “hermit mode”, and it can take a great deal of energy from their friends or partner to bring
them back to the real world.
Luckily, like the flowers in spring, Mediator’s affection, creativity, altruism and idealism will always come
back, rewarding them and those they love perhaps not with logic and utility, but with a world view that inspires
compassion, kindness and beauty wherever they go.
Conclusion
This result was by far the most detailed one and somewhat similar with the result of first link. I agree with this
result too since it covered my personality very well