Dietary Carbohydrate Metabolism

Basically, dapat ganito magiging hitsura niya pero since di ako marunong, dinissect ko
nalang bawat process (yung color blue).
Glycolysis hanggang Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA.
Dietary Carbohydrate Metabolism
(broken down by salivary -amylase
and pancreatic -amylase)

Glucose (phosphorylated using ATP

so that it can be recognized by
phosphohexose isomerase; enzyme
Hexokinase; Mg2+ as cofactor)

Glucose 6-phosphate (to be

isomerized by phosphogluco-
isomerase)

Fructose 6-phosphate
(phosphorylated using ATP through
phospho-fructokinase-1; Mg2+ as
cofactor)

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (cleaved

into parts by aldolase)

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
(phosphotriose isomerase will
convert ketone group into aldehyde
form)

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
(oxidized and phosphorylated by
G3P dehydrogenase)

1,3-biphosphoglycerate (acted
upon by phosphoglycerate kinase;
makes ATP)

3-phosphoglycerate (acted upon by

phospho-glycerate mutase)

2-phosphoglycerate (acted upon by

enolase and Mg2+ as cofactor)

Phosphoenolpyruvate (makes 2
ATP; will need pyruvate kinase and
Mg2+)

Pyruvate (converted to either

lactase, ethanol or acteyl coa)

Acetyl CoA (condenses with

oxaloacetate in TCA cycle)
Gluconeogenesis. Bali start niya ay sa pyruvate tapos pabalik sa glucose.
Pyruvate (acted upon by
pyruvate carboxylase)

Oxaloacetic acid (acted

upon by PEP carboxykinase)

Phosphoenolpyruvate

Glyceraldehyde 3-
phosphate

Fructose 1,6-biphosphate

Fructose 6-phosphate

Glucose 6-phosphate

Glucose

Citric Acid Cycle. This will proceed to the Electron Transport Chain.
Citrate (dehydrated to
Aconitate)

Oxaloacetate (may react Aconitate (hydrated and

again with acetly CoA to acted upon by
start another round) aconitase)

Isocitrate (oxidized to
L-Malate (oxidized using oxalosuccinate then
dehydrogenase; yields decarboxylated by
NADH) dehydrogenase; yields
NADH and CO2)

-Ketoglutarate
(oxidizzed and
Fumarate (hydrated
decarboxylated; uses
using fumarase)
CoA-SH; yields NADH
and CO2)

Succinyl-CoA (will form

Succinate (oxidized by
complex with GDP and
dehydrogenase; yields
Pi using synthetase;
FADH)
yields GDP)