Current Electricity (Practice Questions PDF

CURRENT ELECTRICITY PRACTICE QUESTIONS & SOLUTIONS
CE-I-2Marks
1. Find the value of R so that maximum
power will transfer to external
resistance R
E R
R1
2
dP E
1. R = r + R1 , = 0 , where P = R
dR (r + R1 + R )2
2. Determine the current through the battery E k

in the circuit shown in the figure.
(i) Immediately after the key k is closed. C1
(ii) in a long time interval.
R1 C2
R2
R3
2. Initially capacitor will act as a short circuit

I1 = E/R1
After long time capacitor will act as open circuit
E
I2 =
R1 + R3
3. How is a battery to be connected so that the rheostat shown in C

the figure will behave like a potential divider? Also indicate the
points about which output can be taken. A B
R [2]
3. Battery should be connected across A and B. Out put can be C

taken between the terminals A and C or B and C.
A B
R
4. Find the current provided by the source R2 = 10  L= 1 mH

immediately after the switch is closed at t = 0 and
also at t = infinity.
R1 = 10 
Sw
E = 10 V
4. At t = 0 current through inductor will be zero.

Therefore current provided by the source I = E/R1 = 10/10 = 1 amp.
At t = , inductor will be shorted
E
Therefore current provided by the source I = = 2 amp.
R1R2
R1 + R2
RK MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES | NEWTONCLASSES.NET 1

CE-II-2Marks
1. As shown in figure, and ammeter having 17 
internal resistance 2  reads 10 ampere.
E=370 V
Find internal resistance of galvanometer. 10  G
A
3
370
1. r = 10  ; = 10
10r
22 +
10 + r
A
2. The given network is part of another larger circuit. 33 V
Calculate the potential of point D. 1.2 
3
42 V
B D
4 O
6 3A
5
53 V
C [2]
2. Let the potential of point O be x volts

going from D to O, we get VO - VD = 6  3 = 18 Volt
 VD = x – 18
Let us assume that the current goes away from point O to the points A, B, C and D through
all branches
 iOA + iOB + iOC + iOD = 0
V − VA VO − VB VO − VC VO − VD VO − VD
 O + + + + =0
3 4 5 6 1.2
x − 33 x − 42 x − 53 18
 + + +3+ =0  x = 18 V
3 4 5 1.2
 D is at a potential of 0 volts.
3. When two resistances X and Y are put in the left hand and right hand gaps in a meter bridge,
the null point is at 60cm. If X is shunted by a resistance equal to half of itself then find the
shift in the null point.
2]
3. Arrangement is shown in the figure. X A Y
X 60 3
= = . . . . (1)
Y 40 2
When X is shunted then resistance in the left gap becomes
X/2
X
X.
X' = 2 = X . . . . (2)
X 3
X+
2 60 cm 40 cm
 X
 
Now   =
3 l 1 3 l
  = l = 33.3cm
Y (100 − l ) 3 2 (100 − l )
 Shift = 60–33.3=26.7 cm

4. In the given circuit, with steady current, find the potential R
V
drop across the capacitor.
C
V
2R
2V
4. In steady state no current will pass through the R

V
capacitor.
i
In the outer loop, C
V
2V – 2iR – iR – V = 0
2R i
2V
 i = V/3R
For the upper loop, V – VC – iR – V = 0
 |VC| = iR = V/3
5. An electric circuit consists of a battery emf E = R
110 V, and internal resistance is 5 and two

resistors connected in parallel to the source as
shown in figure. Determine the value of R
corresponding to maximum power. 50 
E = 110 V r = 5
5. Current in resistance R is
 
 
 E   50
 50R  (50 + R )
r + 
 50 +R 
2
 E  
Power =    50   R
 50R + 50r + Rr  
For maximum power
dP 50
=0  R= .
dr 11
6. In the circuit shown, find the value of R 2.25 A

1.5 A
E and R.
R 30 
6. For loop 1 -30  1.5 + R  0.75 = 0 R 2.25 A
 R = 60 
For loop 2 -2.25 R – 0.75 R + E = 0 2 R 1 30 
E = 3R = 3  60 = 180 V 0.75 A 1.5 A

E
7. As shown in figure at t = 0, switch S is closed to position 1 after 12 second switch is shifted

to position 2. Find time when charge in capacitor 2F will be 66.4 C. {Given ln 2 = 0.69}

10 C1 = 4F
E1 = 100 V
S
1
2
5 C2 = 2F
E2 = 200 V
7. qin on 4F
= 4  100 (1 – e-12/40)
= 103.6 C.
for 2F capacitor:
q = 232.7 (1 – e-t/20 )
66.4 = 232.7 (1 – E-T/20 )
t = 13.8 sec.
8. When two resistances X and Y are put in the left hand and right hand gaps in a meter bridge,
the null point is at 60cm away from the point where resistance X is connected with the meter
bridge. If X is shunted by a resistance equal to half of itself then find the shift in the null point.
8. Arrangement is shown in the figure. X A Y
X 60 3
= = . . . . (1)
Y 40 2
When X is shunted then resistance in the left
X/2
gap becomes
X
X.
X' = 2 = X . . . . (2)
X 3 60 cm 40 cm
X+
2
 X
 
Now   =
3 l 1 3 l
  = l = 33.3cm
Y (100 − l ) 3 2 (100 − l )
 Shift = 60 – 33.3 = 26.7 cm.
9. The ammeter having internal resistance 2  17 

reads 10 ampere. Find internal resistance of
E=220 V
voltmeter 10  V
A
3
220
9. r = 2.5 , 10 =
10r
20 +
10 + r
10. An electric circuit consists of a battery R

emf E = 110 V, and internal resistance is
5 and two resistors connected in parallel
to the source as shown in figure.
Determine the value of R corresponding 50 
to maximum power.
E = 110 V r = 5
10. Current in resistance R is

 
 
 E   50
 50R  (50 + R )
r + 
 50 + R 
2
 E  
Power =    50   R
 50R + 50r + Rr  
For maximum power
dP 50
=0  R= .
dr 11
11. Ends of two wires A and B having resistivity A = 3  10-5 m and PB = 6  10-5 m of
same cross section area are joined together to form a single wire. If the resistance of the
joined wire does not change with temperature, then find the ratio of their lengths, given that
temperature coefficient of resistivity of wire A and B is A = 4  10-5 / 0C and
B = -6  10-6 /0C. Assume that mechanical dimensions do not change with temperature. [2]
11. RA = R A (1 +  A T )
RB = RB (1 + B T )
R = RA (1 + AT) + RB (1 + BT)
From given condition,
RA (1 + AT) + RB (1 + BT) = RA + RB
PA  A P
 A + B B B = 0
AA AB
 3
 A =
 B 10
12. In the circuit shown in the figure k is R1 =2 k

open. The charge on capacitor C in
steady state is q1. Now key is closed and R2 =3
at steady state charge on C becomes q2. E C
Find the ratio of charges q1 / q2.
12. When key is open
q1 = CE
when key is closed
 E 
q2 = C  R2 
 R1 + R2 
q  CE  R + R2 5
 1 = (R1 + R2 ) = 1 = .
q2  CER 2  R2 3
13. A circuit consists of emf E and internal resistance

r C1
r capacitors of capacitance C1 and C2 and
resistors of resistances R1 and R2 as shown in R1
R2
the figure. Determine the potential difference
across capacitor C1 and C2 after long time. E C2

13. I=
r + R2

   q q
   R2 = +
 r + R2  C1 C2
ER2C1C2 ER2C2
q=  v1 = q/C1 =
(r + R2 )(C1 + C2 ) (r + R2 )(C1 + C2 )
q ER 2C1
v2 = =
C2 (r + R2 )(C1 + C2 )
14. A solenoid has an inductance of 10 H and a resistance of 2 . It is connected to a 10 V
1
battery. How long will it take for the magnetic energy to reach of its maximum value?
4
14. I = I0 (1 – e-Rt/L) …(i)
1 2 1 2
U = LI , Umax = LI0
2 2
1
U = Umax
4
1 2 1 2
LI = LI0  I = I0 / 2
2 8
I
From (i) 0 = I0 (1 – e-Rt/L)
2
L
 t = ln 2 = 5 ln2 = 3.47 s
R
CE-III-2Marks
1. As shown in figure. Ammeter A1 reads R A1 2

zero current at t = 0, when switch S is 1
closed. Find value of R and voltage across 0.5 1
capacitor at t = 0. A2
C = 40 F
4
3
S
E = 14 V
[4]
15
1. R= 
14
Vc = 0 volt
R1
2. In the circuit shown in figure the capacitor is
uncharged when the key k is open, the key is E
closed over some time during which the capacitor
becomes charged to a voltage V. Determine the
R2
amount of heat liberated during this time in the K
C
resistor of resistance R2 if the emf of the source is
E and internal resistance of the source is zero. [2]
2. Energy conservation theorem

q2
Eq = + QT . . . . . (i)
2c
 QT = Q1 + Q2 . . . . . (ii)

Q1 R 2
= . . . . . (iii)
Q 2 R1
from (i), (ii) and (iii)
 V 2  R1
Q2 = C  EV −
 2  R1 + R 2

R1 E1
3. In the given circuit E1 = 3E2 = 2E3 = 6 volts,
R1 = 2R4 = 6 ohm, R3 = 2R2 = 4 ohm, C = 5F.
C
Find the current in R3 and the energy stored in
the capacitor after a long time
E2 R2 R3
E3
R4 [2]
R1 E1
3. In steady state, there will be no current in R1 y
b
Loop containing E1 and R3
E1 – (x – y) R3 = 0 C Y y
Loop containing E2, E3, R4, R3, R2 a
E3 – x R4- (x – y) R3 – x R2 + E2 = 0 x R2
x
R3 X-y
E2
 2 (x – y) = 3 and 9x – 4y = 5
 x = -0.2 A, y = - 1.7 A
current in R3 = x - y = - 0.2 – (-1.7) = 1.5 A E3
R4 x
potential difference across capacitor C = Va – Vb

= - xR2 + E2 = 2.4 volts
1
Energy stored = CV2
2
1
= (5  10-6) (2.4)2
2
= 1.44  10-5J
4. A short-circuited coil is placed in a time-varying magnetic field. Electrical power is dissipated

due to the current induced in the coil. If the number of turns were to be quadrupled and the
wire radius halved, then find the ratio of the electrical power dissipated in the two cases. [2]
2

4. Power dissipated P =
R
d
Where  = N
dt
1 1
i.e.,   N and R  
a r2
N2
P i.e., P  N2r2
2
1/ r
since N is made 4 times and r is halved
P 4
 2 =
P1 1

5. In the circuit shown, the switch is closed at t=0.
c R
Find the potential drop across AB at t=0 and at t=
& the charge on the capacitor at t = 0. A B
R
S
E
5. At t=0, current through AB is E\3R

Potential drop AB = E/3
At infinite time current through AB = 0, as no current flows through it.
At infinite time, potential drop across AB =E = potential drop across capacitor.
At t=0, charge on capacitor is 0.
6. Across which terminals out of A, B, C and D C

A
current source be connected to the circuit shown in
figure in order to charge all the six capacitors
C
having equal capacitances ?
C C C
C
D
B
6. not possible. D
By Whetstone Bridge we can see no two terminals
satisfy the condition.
A B
7. As shown in figure, and ammeter having internal 17 

resistance 2  reads 10 ampere. Find internal
E=220 V
resistance of voltmeter 10  V
A
3
[2]
7. r = 2.25 
8. A capacitor loses a certain fraction of its charge in 30sec because of humidity in the air
giving rise to leakage between its terminals. When a 4M resistance is connected between
its terminals, in the presence of humidity, the same fraction of charge is lost in 7.5s.
Calculate the leakage resistance due to humidity. [10]
8. Leakage resistance = R
External resistance = R = 4M
Initially :
t1
−
R c
q1 = q0 (1 - e )
 − t 2 (R  + R ) 
 
Finally q1 = q0 1 − e R RC 
 
 

t1 t (R + R)
Hence, = 2 
R C RRC
 R = 12 M.
9. What charges will flow after the shorting of the C1

S
switch S in the circuit given in the figure, 2 1
through section 1 and 2? 3
C2
 
4
1 2 [2]
C1C2
9. When S is open, C1 and C2 are in series and their equivalent capacitance is
C1 + C2
Charge on the plates 1 and 3 is
C1C2
Q=+ ε.
C1 + C2
When S is closed P.D. across C1 is zero. C1
S
 Charge on the plate 1 is 0. 2 1
If Charge flown through 2 is q, then Q + q = 0 
3
C2 
CC 4
 q = -Q = − 1 2 ε
C1 + C2
1 2
Charge on the plate 3 is C2, which is also equal to the charge flown through 1.
CE-I-4Marks
1. The figure shows part of certain circuit find
(i) Power dissipated in 6 resistance.
(ii) Potential difference VC - VB
(iii) Potential difference VA - VD
2A
2 4 2 5A
• •
A
8V 5V 4V
B
1 6
2A
C D
1.
2A
2 7A 4 2 5A
• •
A
8V 5V 4V B
1 6
9A 2A
C D
Apply junction rule to calculate the current through each resistor
(i) P = I2R  P(6) = 24 Watt
(ii) VC - VB = VBC = 4 + (5  2) + 5 + (7  4) + 9  1 V = 56 V
(iii) VA - VD = VDA = - 2  2 - 8 + 7 4 + 5 + 6  2 = 33 V

2. A circuit consists of emf E and internal
C1
resistance r, capacitor of capacitance C1
and C2 and resistance of R1 and R2 is E r
R2
shown in the figure. Determine the R1
voltages across capacitor C1 and C2.
C2
[4]

2. I=
(r + R2 )
 q q
 R2 = +
(r + R2 ) C1 C2
ER2C1C2
q=
(r + R2 )(C1 + C2 )
q
 v1 =
C1
ER2C2 q ER 2
= , v2 = =
(r + R2 )(C1 + C2 ) C2 (r + R2 )(C1 + C2 )
3. Two wires A and B having resistivity A = 3  10-5 m and B = 6  10-5 m of same cross
section area are connected end to end to form a single wire. If the resistance of the joined
wire does not change with temperature, then find the ratio of their lengths, given that
temperature coefficient of resistivity of wire A and B is A = 4  10-5 / 0C and B = -6  10-6
/0C. Assume that mechanical dimensions do not change with temperature. [4]
3. RA = R A (1 +  A T )
RB = RB (1 + B T )
R = RA (1 + AT) + RB (1 + BT)
RA (1 + AT) + RB (1 + BT) = RA + RB
PA  A P
 A + B B B = 0
AA AB
 3
 A =
 B 10
4. In the figure the battery B supplies 12 V. C1 C3
Find the charge on each capacitor when switch S1 is closed and

(a) If only switch S1 is closed C2
S2 C4
(b) If both the switches S1 and S2 are
simultaneously closed. Take, C1 = 1
F, C2 = 2F, C3 = 3F and C4 = 4
F. S1
B
4. (a) If only S1 is closed the circuit can be reduced to

(3/4)F 1F 3F
q1 -q1
(4/3)F 2F 4F
q2 -q2
12V 12V

q1 3
12 =  q1 = 12   C = 9 C
C 4
q 4
12 = 2  q2 = 12   C = 16 C
C 3
 q1 = q3 = 9 C and q2 = q4 = 16 C
(b) If S1 and S2 are closed simultaneously. Then

C1 and C2 are in parallel and C3 and C4 are in parallel.
1F 3F 7F 3
1 3F 2
2(1/10)F
2F 4F
12V
12V
12V
21
 q = CV =  12 C = 25.2 C
10
q 25 .2C
v12 = = = 8.4 V  v23 = 12 – 8.4 = 3.6V
C 3C
 q1 = C1V12 = 1F  8.4 V = 8.4 C
q2 = C2V12 = 2F  8.4 V = 16.8 C
q3 = C3V23 = 3F  3.6 V = 10.8 C
q4 = C4V23 = 4F  3.6 V = 14.4 C
5. Find the equivalent resistance M R nR

between M and N.
R
R N
nR
R nR
5. For loop 1 M I1 (I - I1)
-I1R + R(I – 2I1) + nR(I – I1) = 0 I

R
C
 I1 (R + 2R + nR) = I (R + nR)
I(n + 1) (I – I1)
 I1 = nR R I1 N
(n + 3 )
For loop AMCNDA ; we have from kLL
-I1R – (I – I1)nR + V = 0 A I
V
D
 I1 (R – nR) = V –nIR
I(n + 1)
 R(1 – n) + nIR = V
(n + 3 )
1 − n2 
 IR  + n = v
n+3 
 1 + 3n 
 v = IR  
 n + 3 
 3n + 1
 Req =  R
 n+3 
6. (a) A conducting wire of length 10 m and cross sectional area 10-8 m2 is suspended vertically
and a weight of 10 N is attached to it. Find the approximate percentage change in the
resistance of the wire, if Young’s modulus of elasticity and the resistivity of the wire are
respectively 9  1010 N/m2 and 1.5  10-8 ohm-meter.

(Assuming the density of wire is constant through the process)
(b) In the following circuit find the value of ‘R’ when (i)
25 W of power is delivered to 11V ideal voltage 0.05  R 0.04 
source and also (ii) when the 25 w of power is
delivered to the combination of 0.04  and 11V. 14 V 11 V
  
6. (a) R2 – R1 =   2 − 1 
 A 2 A1 
 
= ( 22 − 21 ) = (2 1 + 2 )
 1A1  1A1
2
R2 − R1 = 
A1
F 1 2 F. 1
But Y =  R2 – R1 =
A1 A1 A1y
2(1.5  10 −8 )10(10 ) 3  1010 1
= −8 2
= = .
(10 )  9  10 10
9  10 10
3
 1 1.5  10 −8 (10 )
but R1 = = = 15 
A1 10 − 8
R 1
 % change in R =  100 =  100 = 2.2%
R 3  15
p 25
(b) (i) I = = … (i) and
v 11
v 14 − 11
I = net = … (ii)
Rnet 0.05 + 0.04 + R
 from (i) and (ii) R = 1.23 
(ii) P = i2R + vi
25 = 0.04 i2 + 11 i
− 11  121 + 4
 i= = 2.25 A
0.08
v net 14 − 11
 i= ; = 2.25
Rnet 0.05 + 0.04 + R
 R = 1.24 .
7. Charges q1, q2 are placed on capacitors of C1 C2

capacitance C1 and C2 respectively arranged in + – + –
series as shown. Switch S is then closed. What are q1 q2
the final charges q1, and q2 on the capacitors ?

Given q1 = 30c, q2 = 20 c
C1 = 10F, C2 = 20F,
S
and  = 12 Volts 
[4]
7. Applying Kirchoff’s law on the loop, q1 q2
q1 q2
+ = …(1) 1 2 3 4
C1 C2
Net charge on plates 2 and 3 will remain conserved.
 –q1 + q2 = – q1 + q2 ….(2)


Using equations (1) & (2) and putting values we get,
250 220
q1 = C, q2 = C
3 3
8. An electric circuit consists of a battery emf E = 110 R
V, and internal resistance is 5  and two resistors

connected in parallel to the source as shown in
figure. Resistance R is chosen so that power 50 
liberated in resistance R is maximum. Determine the
value of R corresponding to maximum power.
r = 5
E=110 V
[4]
8. R = 50 / 11
9. What charges will flow after the shorting of the C1

S
switch S in the circuit given in the figure, 2 1
through section 1 and 2? 3
 C2 
4
1 2
[2]
C1C2
9. When S is open, C1 and C2 are in series and their equivalent capacitance is
C1 + C2
Charge on the plates 1 and 3 is
C1C2
Q=+ ε.
C1 + C2
When S is closed P.D. across C1 is zero. C1
S
 Charge on the plate 1 is 0. 2 1
If Charge flown through 2 is q, then Q + q = 0 
3
C2 
C1C2 4
 q = -Q = − ε
C1 + C2
1 2
Charge on the plate 3 is C2, which is also equal to the charge flown through 1.
10. Ends of two wires A and B having resistivity A = 3  10-5 m and PB = 6  10-5 m of same
cross section area are joined together to form a single wire. If the resistance of the joined
temperature coefficient of resistivity of wire A and B is A = 4  10-5 / 0C and
B = -6  10-6 /0C. Assume that mechanical dimensions do not change with temperature. [2]
10. RA = R A (1 +  A T )
RB = RB (1 + B T )
R = RA (1 + AT) + RB (1 + BT)
RA (1 + AT) + RB (1 + BT) = RA + RB
PA  A P
 A + B B B = 0
AA AB
 3
 A =
 B 10

11. In the circuit shown in the figure k is R1 =2 k
open. The charge on capacitor C in
steady state is q1. Now key is closed and R2 =3
at steady state charge on C is q2. Find E C
the ratio of changes q1 / q2.
11. When key is open
q1 = CE
when key is closed
 E 
q2 = C  R2 
 R1 + R2 
q  CE  R + R2 5
 1 = (R1 + R2 ) = 1 = .
q2  CER 2  R2 3
12. Find the value of the resistance R and the 3 6V

e.m.f. of the cell E, in the circuit shown in 2
figure, given the voltmeter reads V = 5 R
volt and the ammeter reads A = 2 +
ampere. Assume the voltmeter is of very + V _ A +2A
large resistance, the ammeter is of _5V __
negligible resistance and the cells are of
negligible internal resistances.
10 E
[7]
12. -3I - 6 = -5 (Potential difference across CD) I C 3 6V
1 B 2 D
I= − A
3 2A H G
Also (2 - I)R = 5 (2-I)A A +2A
+ −
 1 15 V
 2 +  R = 5  R=  2A 5V
 3 7 E
In Loop ABCDEA, A 10 E
 - 20 - 4 + 1 - 6 = 0
  = 29 V
13. Two resisters of resistances R1 = R2 =200  and a

C
capacitor of capacitanc C = 2.5 mF are connected E
to a battery of e.m.f. E = 120 V as shown in the R1
figure. The internal resistance of the battery is R2
negligible. The switch S is closed at time t = 0. S
What is the potential drop across C as a function
of time ?
13. Applying Kirchoff's law in loop abcdefa a i2

b c
q dq i
i1
E - i2R2 - = 0, i2 =
c dt C
E
q t
R2 dq R1
 0 E − q / c = 0 dt S R2
− t / R2 c
 q = Ec(1 - e ) d
f e
Potential across capacitance as a function of time

q − t / R2 c
v= = E (1 - e )
c

where R2C = 200  2.5  10-2
= 50  10-2 = 1/2
 v = 120 (1- e-2t) V
14. Consider the circuit in steady state as given.

5V
Internal resistance of all the batteries are zero. 3
(a) Find current through the 1 resistance. 2
(b) Find charge on the capacitor C if C = C

19 5V
3
75 F. 1
2 25V
14. (a) KVL to BCDEFB A

5V
25 - 2(i1 + i2 )-3i2 - i2 - 5 = 0 . . . (i) 3
KVL to ACDEFA 2
i1
25 - 2 (i1 + i2) - 2i1 + 5 - 3i1 = 0 . . . (ii) C C
F
solving (i) and (ii) we get i2 5V
70 40 3
i1 = A , i2 = A 1
19 19 (i1 +i2)
B
E D
2 25V
(b)
75
vA - vB = volt
19
 19   75 
Hence, charge on capacitor =     = 1 C.
 75   19 
15. Charges q1, q2 and q3 are placed on capacitors of C1 C2 C3
+ – + – + –
capacitance C1, C2 & C3 respectively arranged in
q1 q2
series as shown. Switch S is then closed. What q3
are the final charges q1, q2 and q3 on the
capacitors ?
Given q1 = 30c, q2 = 20 c, q3 = 10c; S 
C1 = 10F, C2 = 20F, C3 = 30F [4]
and  = 12 Volts
15. Applying Kirchoff’s law on the loop,

q1 q2 q3
+ + = …(1) q1 q2 q3
C1 C2 C3
Net charge on plates 2 and 3 will remain conserved. 1 2 3 4 5 6
 –q1 + q2 = – q1 + q2 ….(2)

Also, net charge on plates 4 and 5 will remain
conserved. 
 –q2 + q3 = –q2 + q3 …(3)
Using equations (1), (2) and (3) and putting values we get,
790 680 570
q1 = C, q2 = C, q3 = C.
11 11 11

CE-II-4Marks
1. Calculate the charge on each capacitor and
the potential difference across it in steady 6F 2F
state in the circuit shown for the cases 1F
(i) switch s closed, & 20
(ii) switch s open. 10
S
20 100V [7]
1. (i) With switch S closed, potential difference across

c3 = 0 and hence charge on c3 = 0 C1 C2
If I be the current through the resistors , C3 1F
 100
I= = = 2A R1
R1 + R2 + R3 50 R3

 p.d. across R1 = (20 )(2A) = 40 V
 p.d. across branch containing c1 & c2 = 40 V R2
100V
 Charge on c1 = charge on c2 = Q, say
 cc   12 
=  1 2 (40 V ) =   40  Coul
 c1 + c 2   8 
= 60  10-6 Coul.
60
Hence p.d. across c1 = V = 10 V
6
60
and p.d. across c2 = V = 30 V
2
(ii) With switch ‘S’ is open, as there is no current in any branch of the given circuit.
P.d. across c3 = 100 V and charge on c3 = (100) (1)  Coul = 10-4 Coul.
Similarly charge on c2 = charge on c1 = [3/2 F] [100 V] = 150 C
P.d. across c1 = (150 c)/(6F) = 25 v and p.d. across c2 = (100 - 25) V = 75 V .
2. Determine the resistance RAB between

points A and B of the frame made of thin
homogenous wire, assuming that the
number of successively embedded
equilateral triangles (with sides
A
decreasing by half) tends to infinity. Side B
AB is equal to a, and the resistance of
unit length of the wire is . a
−1
 RR x / 2  RR x / 2 
2. Rx = R  R +  R + R + 
 R + R x / 2  R + R x / 2 
solving this equation, we obtain
R( 7 − 1) a( 7 − 1)
RAB = Rx = = .
3 3
3. An inductor of inducance 2.0 mH is connected across a charged capacitor of capacitance

5.0F and the resulting LC circuit is set oscillating at its natural frequency. Let Q
denotes the instantaneous charge on the capacitor and I the current. It is found that the
maximum value of Q is 200 C.
(a) When Q = 100 C, what is the value of | dI/dt |?

(b) When Q = 200 C what is the value of I
(c) When I is equal to one-half its maximum value, what is the value of | Q | [6]
3. (a) Given L = 2.0 mH, C = 5.0 F and Qmax = 200C

Let q be the charge on the capacitor at any time t and I be the current flowing in the
circuit.
Then
q dI
− +L =0
C dt
dI q 100  10 −6
= = −6
dt LC (2  10 − 3 )(5  10 − 6 )
= 104 amp/sec.
Let I0 be the maximum value of the current. Then

2
1 2 1 Qmax
LI0 =
2 2 C
Q2 Q2
or I02 = max or I0 = max
LC LC
I0 = 2 amp.
(b) When Q = 200 C, then the total energy of the circuit is i
stored in the capacitor i.e., no current flows through the
circuit. Hence current I in the circuit is zero.
I=0 dI C +
L q
(c) I = I0 cos t dt −
 t = 600 (when I = I0 / 2)
q 3
so q = 0 = 100 3 C.
2
4. A capacitor of capacitance C = 2.5 mF and

C
resisters of resistances R1 = 200 and R2 =200 E
are connected to a battery of e.m.f E = 120V as R1
shown in the figure. The internal resistance of the R2
battery is negligible. The switch S is closed at S
time t = 0. What is the potential drop across C as
a function of time? After the steady state is
reached, the switch is opened. What is the
direction and magnitude of current through R1 as a [4]
function of time?
4. Applying Kirchoff's law in loop abcdef a i2

b c
q dq i
i1
E - i2R2 - = 0, i2 =
c dt C
E
q t R1
R2dq

0
 − q/ c 
= dt
0
S R2
 − q/ c  t
ln   =− f e d
   R 2c
− t / R 2c )
q = c(1 - e

q
v= =  (1 - e − t / R 2c ) )
c
R2C = 200  2.5  10-2
= 50  10-2 = 1/2
v = 120 (1- e-2t/)
When switch is disconnected after steady state the capacitor will act energy.
Source at steady state maximum charge on capacitor is q0 = E c
The direction of current is shown in figure
The direction of current is shown in figure. i0
Applying Kirchoff's rule in the circuit

q C
− (i)(R1 + R 2 ) = 0
C R1
dq
i=- R2
dt
q dq
= −(R1 + R 2 )
C dt
q
dt dq
C
= −(R1 + R2 )
q
q 
0
q t
ln =−
q0 (R1 + R2 )C
q = q0 e − t / R1 +R 2 )C
Current as a function of time

−t
dq E
i= =− e (R1 +R 2 )C
dt R1 + R 2
120 − t
i=- e .
400
5. A galvanometer (coil resistance 99 ) 12 V 12 V

r
is converted into an ammeter using a
r
shunt of 1  and connected as shown A
in figure – 1. The ammeter reads 3 A. 2
The same galvanometer is converted V
2
into a voltmeter by connecting a
Fig-1 Fig-2
resistance of 101  in series. This
voltmeter is connected as shown in
figure-2. Its reading is found to be 4/5
of the full scale reading. Find
(i) internal resistance of the cell (r)
[4]
(ii) range of the ammeter and voltmeter.
5. For ammeter 99 
i Ig
99 Ig = (I – Ig) 1 G
or I = 100 Ig . . . (i)
Ig is the full scale deflection current of the
galvanometer and I is the range of ammeter
1

For the circuit in figure-1
12 V
=3A
99  1
2+r +
99 + 1
 r = 1.01 .
For voltmeter, range 99  101 
V = Ig (99 + 101) G
Ig
V = 200 Ig . . . (ii)
Also resistance of the voltmeter = 99 + 101 = 200 
In figure –2 resistance across the terminals of the battery V
200  2
R1 = r + = 2.99 
202
12
 Current drawn from the battery, I1 = = 4.01 A
2.99
 Voltmeter reading
4
V = 12 – I1 r
5
= 12 – 4.01  1.01
5
V = 7.96  = 9.95 V
4
9.95
Using (2), Ig = = 0.05 A
200
Using (1), range of the ammeter
I = 100 Ig
= 5A.
6. Consider the circuit shown in the figure.

(a) Find the current i flowing through the circuit 10V
when the key K1 is open and K2 is closed. B
2
(b) Find the net charge on the capacitor when K1
is open and also when K1 is closed. 8
12 
(c) What is the change in the current i, when K1 is K1
closed. ? A 1 F C
16  24 
i
D
10
K2 55 V
6. When key K1 is open the circuit is a balanced Wheatstone bridge.

The equivalent resistance is given by (for the bridge) :
20  40 40
Req =  = 
20 + 40 3
the total resistance = Req + 10 
= 23.3 
55  3
The current i = amp  2.36 amp.
70

i2
10V
(b) when K1 is open, the bridge is balanced B
 vBD = 0  charge on capacitor = 0 i 1- i 2 2
8
when K1 is closed, we have two different sources of
e.m.f. Applying Kirchoff's laws, we get, 12  K1
i1
for loop ABCDA : i1. 8 + (i1 - i2) .12 - (i - i1) . 40 = 0 A C
(i-i1) 1 F
loop BXCB : i2 . 2 - (i1 - i2) .12 = - 10
loop ABCYA : i1 . 8 + (i1 - i2). 12 + i . 10 = 55 16  24 
solving, we get ; i1 = 2, i2 = 1, i = 2.7 (amp). i
Charge on capacitor = 4.8 C
D
10
(c) The current i, when k1 was open = 2.36 amp
the current i, when k1 was closed = 2.7 amp.
 the change in the current = 0.34 amp.
K2 55 V
7. The radius of a wire AB changes linearly from r to 2r from left

4 G 4
end to right end as shown in the diagram. Where should the
jockey of the galvanometer be connected on wire AB so that
A
the deflection in the galvanometer is zero? E B
7. Let the galvanometer be connected at x from end A resistance of the element of this part will
dx
be let dRx =
r x 2
 r 
 rx =  r + x  = r (1 + x)
 1 
Resistance between A to x be let R1
x
dx   1 
R1 =  (1 + x ) 2 r 2 =
r 2 
1−
1 + x 
0
and resistance between x and B be let R2
1
dx   1 1
R2 = 
 (1 + x ) r
2 2
= 2 − 
r 1 + x 2 
For null point
R1 4 1 1 1
=  1− = −
R2 4 1+ x 1+ x 2
1
 x = m = 33.33 cm
3
8. Find the potential difference A - B between the plates of a R3 C
capacitor C in the circuit shown in the figure, when it A B
reaches the steady state. The sources have emf's E1 = 4.0 V R2
E2
R1
and E2 = 1.0 V and the resistances are equal to R1 = 10,
R2 = 20, and R3 = 30. The internal resistances of the
sources are negligible
E1 [4]

8. I = I1 + I2 . . . (i) 30  S C
R
KVL across the loop PVUTQP, I1 A B
4 – 10I – 20 I2 = 0 . . . (ii) 1V
10 
KVL across the loop TSRQT ; Q I U
I2 T
1 – 30I1 + 20 I2 = 0 . . . (iii) 20 
Solving, P
V
4V
I1 = 0.1 A, I2 = 0.1 A, I = 0.2 A
Potential difference across C = 1 – 10 I
= -1 Volt.
9. Consider the shown network. Initially both switches C1 R2
are open and the capacitors are uncharged. Both the
switches are then closed simultaneously at t = 0 .
2F S2 6
(a) Obtain the current through switch S2 as function of R1 C2
time.
3
(b) If switch S2 is opened again after a long time interval, 4F

find the total heat that would dissipate in the resistors
and the charge that would flow through switch S1 S1
after S2 is opened ? 18 V
9. Consider the charges on capacitors and currents C1

through various branches, as shown in the figure (i). q1 -q1 i3 R2
For loop 1 , we have 2F
i1 - i3 2
q i1 1
R1(i2 + i3 - i1) = 1 (1) i2 C2
C1
i2 + i3 - i1 q2 -q2
q
For loop 2 , R2i3 = 2 (2) 
C2
q
Similarly, i3R2 + 1 =  (3)
C1
dq 1 dq 2
Also, i1 = and i2 = (4)
dt dt
Putting the values of i1 and i2 from (4) and of i3 from (2) in (1)
d q q
we get, (q 2 − q1 ) = 1 − 2 (5)
dt R1C1 R 2 C2
Solving these equations , we get
q2 t
dq dt R1R 2
0  C R 2  =  R (C 1 + C2 )
, where Req =
R1 + R 2
  − q2
2 2 0 eq
 R1 + R 2 
R 2 C2  
−t
Req ( C1 + C 2 )
 q2 = 1 − e 
( R1 + R 2 )  
R1C1  
t
−
R eq ( C 1 + C 2 ) 
Similarly, q1 = 1− e
( R1 + R 2 )  

t
−
C1
e eq ( 1 2 )
dq 1 R C +C
 i1 = =
dt R 2 ( C1 + C 2 )
−t
C 2
e eq ( 1 2 )
R C +C
Similarly , i2 =
R1 ( C 1 + C 2 )

q1
Current through S2 = (i1 - i3) = i2 - from (1)
R1C1
Putting the values we get ,
t t
− −
12S 12S
q 1 = (12C)(1 - e ); q 2 = (48C)(1 - e )
t t
− −
12S 12S
i1 = (1A) e ; i2 = (4A) e
t
−
12S
And current through switch S2 = -[2 - 6 e ]A along the indicated direction]
With both the switches closed the
equilibrium charges and currents are as 2A
12C 2A 2A
shown in fig.(ii).
48C 2A
2A
fig.(ii)
36C
With switch S2 open and S1 closed , the
equilibrium charges are as shown in
fig.(iii). 72C
fig.(iii)
Hence the charge flown through switch S1 = [(36 + 72) - (12 + 48)]C = 48C.
Total heat dissipated in the resistors = [Initial energy + work done by battery when
48 C flows through it after switch S2 is opened ] - [Final energy]
1  1 
=  C1V12 + C2 V22  + (Q ) −  C1V'12 + C2 V'22  = 216 J
1 1
2 2  2 2 
(iii) Potential difference VA - VD [4]
2A
2 4 2 5A
• •
A B
8V 5V 4V
1 6
2A
C D
10. 2A
2 4 2 5A
• •
A B
8V 5V 4V
1 6
9A 2A
C D
Apply junction rule to calculate the current thorugh each resistor
(i) P = I2R  P = 24 Watt
(ii) VC - VB = VBC = 4 + (5  2) + 5 + (7  4) + 9  1 V = 56 V
(iii) VA - VD = VDA = - 2  2 + 8 + 7 4 + 5 + 2 6 = 49 V.

11. Two batteries of emf E1 and E2, a capacitor of R
capacitance C, and a resistor R are connected K
in a circuit as shown in figure. Determine the
E2 C
amount of heat Q liberated in the resistor after E1
switching the key k.
[5]
11. Before switching R
q1 = 1C
after switching k − q1
E2
q2 = E2 C E1
+2 q2
so work done by battery
E2 = (q1 + q2)
heat liberated R
 q2 q2 
Q = E2 (q1 + q2) -  2 − 1  q1
 2C 2C  E2
+ C
E1
C(E1 + E 2 ) 2 − q2
=
2
12. An electric circuit consists of a battery emf E = 110 R
V, and internal resistance is 0.5  and two resistors

connected in parallel to the source as shown in
figure. Resistance R is chosen so that power 50 
liberated in resistance R is maximum. Determine the
value of R corresponding to maximum power.
r = 5
E=110 V
[6]
12. R = 55  for maximum power
Pmax = 55 watt.
13. Find current through each resistance of 50 V

the circuit shown in figure.
R1 = 10  R2 = 10  100 V
b
100 V
R3 = 20 
a
R4 = 5 
13. 20 I1 - 10 I2 = 100 V 50 V
30 I2 - 10 I1 - 20I3 = (-100 - 50)v . . . (ii) I2
25 I3 - 20 I2 = 100 . . . (iii) 10  10  100 V
rewriting equations I1
2I1 - I2 = 10 . . . (iv) 100 V
20 
3I2 - I1 - 2 I3 = -15 . . . (v) I3
2.5 I3 - 2I2 = 10 . . . (vi)
5I3 - 4I2 = 20 5
Solving the equation

35 20 20
I1 = amp. I2 = - amp., I3 = amp.
9 9 9
35
current in RI is I1 = amp.
9

35 20 55
current in R2 = I1 - I2 = + = amp.
9 9 9
20 20 40
9 9 9
20
current in R4 = I3 = amp.
9
R
14. In the circuit shown in the figure R = 50 , E1 = 5 3 Volt and
E2 = 25 6 sin t Volt. where  = 100 /sec. The switch ‘s’ is
closed at t = 0 and remains closed for 14 minutes. Then it is
opened. Find amount of heat dissipated through the resistor.
~
s
E1 E2
[4]
1 5 3 3
14. I(t) = (E 1 + E 2 ) = (1 + 5 2 sin t) = (1 + 5 2 sin t)
R 50 10
Heat produced in one cycle of AC.

2 / 
78
=  I2 (t)Rdt = J
0
100
No. of cycle in 14 minute is N = 14  60  50
Total heat produced
78
Q=  14  60  50J = 32760J
100
15. Two wires A and B having resistivity A = 3  10-5 m and B = 6  10-5 m of same cross
section area are connected end to end to form a single wire. If the resistance of the joined
temperature coefficient of resistivity of wire A and B is A = 4  10-5 / 0C and B = -6  10-6
/0C. Assume that mechanical dimensions do not change with temperature. [4]
15. RA = R A (1 +  A T )
RB = RB (1 + B T )
R = RA (1 + AT) + RB (1 + BT)
RA (1 + AT) + RB (1 + BT) = RA + RB
PA  A P
 A + B B B = 0
AA AB
 3
 A =
 B 10
16. A galvanometer of 100  gives a full scale deflection for a current of 1 mA
(a) How will you convert it into an ammeter giving full scale deflection for a current of
10 amp.
(b) A resistance of required value is available but it will get burnt if the energy dissipated in
it is greater than 1 Watt. Can it be used for the above described conversion of the
galvanometer ?
(c) When this ammeter is connected across the terminals of a battery it shows a current of
4 amp. The current drops to 1 amp. when a resistance of 1.5 ohm is connected in series
with the ammeter. Find the emf and the internal resistance of the battery. [4]

16. (a) (I – Ig)Rsh I Ig Rg
~
Rsh(I – Ig) = Rg . Ig
Rg 100 100
Rsh = = 4  = 
I 10 − 1 9999
−1 |I – Ig | Rsh
Ig
(b) Ish = 10 – 10-3 = 9.999 A
power dissipated
100
P = I2sh R sh = (9.999)2 
9999
= 0.9999 Watt.
which is less than 1 watt. Hence it can be used.
(c) Equivalent resistance of shunted ammeter

Rsh .Rg
Req = = 0.01
Rsh + Rg
E E E
Now 4 = and 1 = =
r + 0.01 r + 0.01 + 1.5 r + 1.51
solving E = 2V
r = 0.49 .

(iii) Potential difference VA - VD
2A
2 4 2 5A
• •
A
8V 5V 4V B
1 6
2A
C D
[4]
17.
2A
2 7A 4 2 5A
• •
A
8V 5V 4V B
1 6
9A 2A
C D
Apply junction rule to calculate the current through each resistor
(i) P = I2R  P(6) = 24 Watt
(ii) VC - VB = VBC = 4 + (5  2) + 5 + (7  4) + 9  1 V = 56 V
(iii) VA - VD = VDA = - 2  2 - 8 + 7 4 + 5 + 6  2 = 33 V
18. A capacitor of capacitance C = 2.5 mF and

C
resisters of resistances R1 = 200 and R2 =200 E
are connected to a battery of e.m.f E = 120V as R1
shown in the figure. The internal resistance of the R2
battery is negligible. The switch S is closed at S
time t = 0. What is the potential drop across C as
a function of time? After the steady state is
reached, the switch is opened. What is the
direction and magnitude of current through R1 as a [4]

function of time?
18. Applying Kirchoff's law in loop abcdef a i2

b c
q dq i
i1
E - i2R2 - = 0, i2 = C
c dt E
q t R1
R 2dq

0
 − q/ c 
= dt
0
S R2
E − q / c  t
ln   =− f e d
 E  R2 c
− t / R 2c )
q = Ec(1 - e

q
v= = E (1 - e − t / R 2c ) )
c
R2C = 200  2.5  10-3
= 50  10-2 = 1/2
 v = 120 (1- e-2t)
When switch is disconnected after steady state

Source at steady state maximum charge on capacitor is q0 = E c
The direction of current is shown in figure
The direction of current is shown in i0
figure. +
Applying Kirchoff's rule in the circuit − C
q
− (i)(R1 + R 2 ) = 0 R1
C
dq R2
i=-
dt
q dq
= −(R1 + R 2 )
C dt
q
dt dq
C
= −(R1 + R2 )
q
q 
0
q t
ln =−
q0 (R1 + R2 )C
q = q0 e − t / R1 +R 2 )C
Current as a function of time
−t
dq E
i= =− e (R1 +R 2 )C
dt R1 + R 2
120 − t
i=- e .
400

19. In the figure shown capacitor C1 =4F is charged to a value E = 175 V
q1 = 200 C and capacitor C2 = 2F is charged to a value A D

q2 = 400C. The polarities are as shown. Now a source of A
D
EMF E = 175 Volt is connected in the circuit by joining
terminals A to A, B to B, C to C and D to D. +q1 −q2
C1 C2
−q1 +q2
(a) Find new charges on the capacitors.
(b) Heat dissipated after completing the circuit. B C
B C
19. From Kirchoff’s rule E = 175 V

200 + q 400 + q
175 = +
4 2 (q1 + q) -(q2 + q)
solving q = - 100 C
-(q1 + q) (q2 + q)
charge returned to battery 100 C
work done = 175  100  J = 1.75  10-2 J.
(200)2 (400)2
Initial energy = + = 4.5  10−2 J
2  4 2  2
(100)2 (300)2
Final energy = + = 2.375  10−2 J .
2  4 2  2
Therefore heat developed = (4.5 – 2.375 – 1.75)  10-2 Joule. = 0.375 Joule.
20. An L-C circuit consist of an inductor with L = 0.09 H and a capacitor of C = 4.00  10-4 F.
The initial charge on the capacitor is 5.00 C and the initial current in the inductor is zero.
(a) Find the value of maximum current in the inductor.
(b) When the current in the inductor has half its maximum value, what is the charge on the
capacitor.
1 2 1 2
20. Li 0 = Cv 0
2 2
C
i0 = v0
L
q 5.0  10 −6
v0 = 0 = = 1.25  10 − 2 volt
C 4.0  10 − 4
4.0  10 −4
i0 = 1.25  10 -2 = 8.33  10 − 4 A
0.09
1 2 1 2
umax = Li 0 = Cv 0 = 3.125  10 − 8 J
2 2
2
1  8.33  10−4  1 q2
3.125  10 -8
= (0.09)   +
2  2  2 (4.0  10−4 )
q = 4.33  10-6 C.
21. A circuit containing a two position switch S is shown in figure. R3 C
(i) The switch S is in position 1. Find the potential difference 2 2F
VA - VB and the rate of production of joule heat in R1 in 1 R5
R1 E1
steady-state.
2 12V
1 S E2 R2 B
(ii) If now the switch S is put in position 2 at A
2 2
t = 0, find the time when the current in R4 is half the 3V
3 R4
steady value. Also calculate the energy stored in the
10 mH
inductor L at that time.

21. (i) Applying Kirchhoff's law to meshes (1) and (2) R3
2I2 + 2I1 = 12 - 3 = 9
and 2I1 + 2(I1 -I2) = 12 2 (1)
(I1-I2)
solving I1 = 3.5 A, I2 = 1A R1 E1
P.D.between AB = 2I2 + 3 = 5 volt I1R1 I1
2 12V (2)
 dQ  2 I2 I2
Rate of production of heat   = i1R1 = 24 .5 (J) S E2 R2 B
 dt 
A 2
3V
(ii) i =
E
R
   
1 − e −Rt / L = i0 1 − e −Rt / L
Rt
i = i0/2  = ln 2  t = 0.0014 sec.
L
1 2
Energy stored = Li
2
= 0.00045 (J).
22. A galvanometer of 100  gives a full scale deflection for a current of 1 mA

(a) How will you convert it into an ammeter giving full scale deflection for a current of
10 amp.
(b) A resistance of required value is available but it will get burnt if the energy dissipated in
it is greater than 1 Watt. Can it be used for the above described conversion of the
galvanometer ?
(c) When this ammeter is connected across the terminals of a battery it shows a current of 4
amp. The current drops to 1 amp. when a resistance of 1.5 ohm is connected in series
with the ammeter. Find the emf and the internal resistance of the battery.
23. (a) (I – Ig)Rsh I Ig Rg

~
Rsh(I – Ig) = Rg . Ig
Rg 100 100
Rsh = = 4  = 
I 10 − 1 9999
−1 |I – Ig | Rsh
Ig
(b) Ish = 10 – 10-3 = 9.999 A
power dissipated
100
P = I2sh R sh = (9.999)2 
9999
= 0.9999 Watt.
which is less than 1 watt. Hence it can be used.
(c) Equivalent resistance of shunted ammeter

Rsh .Rg
Req = = 0.01
Rsh + Rg
E E E
Now 4 = and 1 = =
r + 0.01 r + 0.01 + 1.5 r + 1.51
solving E = 2V
r = 0.49 .
24. Two batteries of emf E1 and E2, a 1 R

capacitor of capacitance C and a resistor −
R are connected in a circuit as shown in E1 2 + C
figure. Determine the amount of heat Q + E2−
liberated in the resistor after switching the
key k from position 1 to position 2.
24. Before switching,

q1 = E1C
after switching
q2 = E2C
so work done by battery
E2 (q1 + q2)
heat liberated
 q2 q2  C(E1 + E2 )2
Q = E2 (q1 + q2) -  2 − 1  = .
 2C 2C  2
CE-III-4Marks
1. In the circuit diagram shown in figure

the capacitor of capacitance C is
R1
uncharged when the key k is open.
the key is closed over some time
during which the capacitor becomes E k
R2
charged to a voltage v. Determine [8]
the amount of heat Q2 liberated C
during this time in the resistor of
resistance R2 if the emf of the source
is E, and its internal resistance can
be neglected.
1. Energy conservation theorem

q2
Eq = + QT
2C
Q1 R2
QT = Q1 + Q2 , =
Q2 R1
 v 2  R1
Q2 = C  Ev −  .
 2  R1 + R 2
50 V
2. Consider the adjoining circuit. Calculate the correct
flowing through each branch in the circuit.
R1 = 10  R2 = 10  100 V
b
100 V
R3 = 20 
a
R4 = 5 
[5]
2. 20 I1 - 10 I2 = 100 V 50 V
30 I2 - 10 I1 - 20I3 = (-100 - 50)v . . . (ii) I2

25 I3 - 20 I2 = 100 . . . (iii) 10  10  100 V
rewriting equations I1
2I1 - I2 = 10 . . . (iv) 100 V
20 
3I2 - I1 - 2 I3 = -15 . . . (v) I3
2.5 I3 - 2I2 = 10 . . . (vi)
5I3 - 4I2 = 20 5
Solving the equation

35 20 20
I1 = amp. I2 = - , I3 =
9 9 9
35
current in RI is I1 = amp.
9
35 20 55
9 9 9
20 20 40
9 9 9
20
current in R4 = I3 = amp.
9
3. Twelve resistors form the edges of a cube C 1

D
as shown in the figure. If the potential 2
difference between opposite corners A and A 1 2
A is 18 V, find the equivalent resistance B
3
3
between A and A.
3 B 3
1 A
2 2
D 1 C
3. Applying kirchhoff’s second law to the loops

ABCD, BDAC, ABDC and DBAC
successively, we get C z+p–x 1
D
x – y – 3z + 4p = 0 2 X+y–z–p X–p
2x – 2y + 3z – 5p = 0 X+y+z
y
1
2
A
4x – 2y – z – 3p = 0 B
x 3
x – 5y + 2z + 3p = 0 z 3 p
Solving, we get 3 z
3 B 1
x y z p A
= = = [3] 2 x y
17 14 13 9 Z+p–y 2
and p.d. between A and A = x + 3p + 2y
Each of the terms = D –p+y 1 C
x + y + z x + 3p + 2z 18 1
= = =
44 72 72 4
So, we get
x = 4.25 A, y = 3.5 A, z = 3.25 A
18 7
 Req = = 1 ohm. [1]
11 11
4. (a) An electric field is created in a vacuum by B

two point charges q1 = 4.0  10–8 C and q2 = –
q2 •
0.5 10–8C as shown in figure. q1 and q2 are
separated by  = 0.3 m. What is the work done 
in carrying a charge q3 = 5.0  10–9C slowly from A •
q3 r q1
point A to point B in a segment of a circle of
radius r = 0.40 m?

(b) For the circuit shown in the figure. 10  10 
A B
S1 S2
(i) S1 is closed at t = 0 and S2 is kept open till the 20 V
10  10 
steady state is reached what is charge on C1 in C1 =18 F
steady state.
E
C2 =9 F
(ii) S2 is also closed. Find the charge on C1 and
C2 in steady state. 20 
4. (a) When charge q3 is at A:–
total electrostatic P.E. is
qq q2 q3
E1 = 1 3 +
40 r 4  2 + r 2
0
When charge q3 is at B :–
q1q 3 q 2 q3
total electrostatic P.E. is E2 = +
40 r 40 (r −  )
 work done =  PE
= E2 – E1
q q  1 1 
=– 2 3  − 
40   2 + r 2 r −  
= –1.8 mJ
(b) (i) In steady state no current will flow through C1

 20 = (10 + 10)I  I = 1 amp.
 voltage across C1 = 10  I = 10 Volts.
 charge on C1 = 10  18 = 180 C
(ii) In steady state circuit is as shown I 10  A 10 

B
20 10
 i= = Amp.
18 9 10 
20 V 10 
 Current in AB branch
10 10 2 E
=  = Amp. 20 
50 9 9
40 10 8
Current in AE branch =  = Amp.
50 9 9
8 80
 Voltage across C1 =  10 = Volts
9 9
2 40
Voltage Across C2 =  20 =
9 9
80
 Charge on C1 = Q1 =  18 = 160 C
9
40
 Charge on C2 = Q2 =  9 = 40 C
9
5. Three charged capacitors C1, C2 and C3 having + − + −

capacitances of 3F, 6F & 6 F respectively and
having charge 30 C each, are connected along with 10  C1 C2
resistors in a circuit as shown in the figure. The key k 10  5
is closed at t = 0. Find the + −
(a) initial current through the 5 resistor.
k
(b) final charges on the capacitors. C3
(c) heat dissipated in one of the 10 resistor.

5. (a) The equivalent resistance in the circuit is C1 C2
−1
 1 1  + − + −
Req =  +  + 5 = 10
 10 10  q1 q2
Let the initial current be i. Since the initial Req
charges on the capacitors are q1, q2 & q3
respectively, applying KVL, + −
we obtain i
C3 q3
-vc1 -vc2 + vc3 + iReq = 0
v + v c 2 − v c3
 i = c1
Req
q1 q2 q
+ − 3
C C 2 C3
i= 1
R eq
 30  10 −6 30  10 −6 30  10 −6 
 i =  + −  /10
 3  10
−6
6  10 − 6 6  10 − 6 
 i = 1 amp.
(b) In the final state, the net current becomes zero, i.e. the voltage drop across the
equivalent resistance is zero.
q q q
 1 + 2 − 3 =0
C1 C2 C3
If the charge q0 flows through the circuit in anticlockwise sense, the final charge on the
capacitors will be q1 = (q1 –q0), q2 = q2 – q0 & q3 = q3 + q0
Putting the values of q1, q2 &q3 we obtain
q1 − q 0 q 2 − q 0 q 3 + q 0
+ − =0
C1 C2 C3
 1 1 1  q1 q 2 q 3
q0  + +  = + −
 C1 C 2 C 3  C1 C 2 C 3
q / C + q2 / C2 − q3 / C3
 q0 = 1 1
1/ C1 + 1/ C2 + 1/ C3
30  10−6 / 3  10−6 + 30  10−6 / 6  10−6 − 30  10−6 / 6  10−6
 q0 =
1/ 3  10−6 + 1/ 6  10−6 + 1/ 6  10−6
 q0 = 15 C
(c) The heat dissipated in all the resistors is
Q = Uinitial - Ufinal
30 2  1 1 1 
Uin =  + +  J = 300 J
2 3 6 6
15 2  1 1  45 2  1 
Ufin =  +  +   = 225 J
2 3 6 2 6
Q = 75 J; this energy is dissipated in the 5 and the two 10 resistors. The energy
dissipated in the 10 resistor is ¼ of this total : 18.75 J.
6. Find the potential difference A - B between the plates of a R3 C

A
capacitor C in the circuit shown in the figure, when it B
reaches the steady state. The sources have emf's E1 = 4.0 V R2
E2
R1
and E2 = 1.0 V and the resistances are equal to R1 = 10,
R2 = 20, and R3 = 30. The internal resistances of the
sources are negligible
E1

6. I = I1 + I2 . . . (i) 30  S C
R
KVL across the loop PVUTQP, I1 A B
4 – 10I – 20 I2 = 0 . . . (ii) 1V
10 
KVL across the loop TSRQT ; Q I U
20  I2 T
1 – 30I1 + 20 I2 = 0 . . . (iii)
Solving, P
V
4V
I1 = 0.1 A, I2 = 0.1 A, I = 0.2 A
Potential difference across C = 1 – 10 I
= -1 Volt.

Current Electricity (Practice Questions PDF

Enviado por

Dados do documento

Título original

Direitos autorais

Compartilhar este documento

Compartilhar ou incorporar documento

Opções de compartilhamento

Você considera este documento útil?

Este conteúdo é inapropriado?

Direitos autorais:

Current Electricity (Practice Questions PDF

Enviado por

Direitos autorais:

CURRENT ELECTRICITY PRACTICE QUESTIONS & SOLUTIONS

2. Determine the current through the battery E k

2. Initially capacitor will act as a short circuit

3. How is a battery to be connected so that the rheostat shown in C

3. Battery should be connected across A and B. Out put can be C

4. Find the current provided by the source R2 = 10  L= 1 mH

4. At t = 0 current through inductor will be zero.

RK MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES | NEWTONCLASSES.NET 1

2. Let the potential of point O be x volts

3. Arrangement is shown in the figure. X A Y

RK MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES | NEWTONCLASSES.NET 2

4. In steady state no current will pass through the R

5. An electric circuit consists of a battery emf E = R

110 V, and internal resistance is 5 and two

6. In the circuit shown, find the value of R 2.25 A

6. For loop 1 -30  1.5 + R  0.75 = 0 R 2.25 A

E = 3R = 3  60 = 180 V 0.75 A 1.5 A

7. As shown in figure at t = 0, switch S is closed to position 1 after 12 second switch is shifted

RK MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES | NEWTONCLASSES.NET 3

8. Arrangement is shown in the figure. X A Y

9. The ammeter having internal resistance 2  17 

10. An electric circuit consists of a battery R

10. Current in resistance R is

RK MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES | NEWTONCLASSES.NET 4

12. In the circuit shown in the figure k is R1 =2 k

13. A circuit consists of emf E and internal resistance

RK MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES | NEWTONCLASSES.NET 5

1. As shown in figure. Ammeter A1 reads R A1 2

2. Energy conservation theorem

RK MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES | NEWTONCLASSES.NET 6

potential difference across capacitor C = Va – Vb

4. A short-circuited coil is placed in a time-varying magnetic field. Electrical power is dissipated

RK MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES | NEWTONCLASSES.NET 7

5. At t=0, current through AB is E\3R

6. Across which terminals out of A, B, C and D C

7. As shown in figure, and ammeter having internal 17 

RK MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES | NEWTONCLASSES.NET 8

9. What charges will flow after the shorting of the C1

RK MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES | NEWTONCLASSES.NET 9

4. In the figure the battery B supplies 12 V. C1 C3

Find the charge on each capacitor when switch S1 is closed and

4. (a) If only S1 is closed the circuit can be reduced to

(4/3)F 2F 4F

RK MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES | NEWTONCLASSES.NET 10

(b) If S1 and S2 are closed simultaneously. Then

5. Find the equivalent resistance M R nR

-I1R + R(I – 2I1) + nR(I – I1) = 0 I

RK MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES | NEWTONCLASSES.NET 11

7. Charges q1, q2 are placed on capacitors of C1 C2

series as shown. Switch S is then closed. What are q1 q2

the final charges q1, and q2 on the capacitors ?

RK MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES | NEWTONCLASSES.NET 12

8. An electric circuit consists of a battery emf E = 110 R

V, and internal resistance is 5  and two resistors

9. What charges will flow after the shorting of the C1

RK MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES | NEWTONCLASSES.NET 13

12. Find the value of the resistance R and the 3 6V

13. Two resisters of resistances R1 = R2 =200  and a

13. Applying Kirchoff's law in loop abcdefa a i2

Potential across capacitance as a function of time

RK MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES | NEWTONCLASSES.NET 14

14. Consider the circuit in steady state as given.

(b) Find charge on the capacitor C if C = C

14. (a) KVL to BCDEFB A

15. Applying Kirchoff’s law on the loop,

 –q1 + q2 = – q1 + q2 ….(2)