BRAKE BINDING

Brake binding is a
phenomenon of binding of
wheels by brake blocks
when the loco pilot’s brake
valve is in release position.
 SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
• Train running heavy with push back
tendency.
• Train does not move during starting
on prescribed notch/current.
• Rise in temperature and emission of
smoke from affected wheels.
• Unusual sound due to binding of
wheels by brake blocks.
• Skidding of wheels on rail.
 MAIN CAUSES
• Defective DV/mal functioning of DV.
• Air leakage from DV, AR, Dirt
collector, angle COC and branch
pipes.
• Jamming of brake cylinder piston.
• Jamming of brake gear levers, pins,
brake beam hangers etc.
• Hand brake is in applied condition.
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR AIR BRAKE

1) BRAKE PIPE 9) CHECK VALVE WITH COCK & ISOLATING COCK

2) FEED PIPE 10) CUT OFF ANGLE COCK
3) BRAKE CYLINDER 11) HOSE COUPLING FOR BRAKE PIPE
4) AUXILARY RESERVIOR 12) HOSE COUPLING FOR FEED PIPE
5) ISOLATION COCK WITH FILTER 13) EMERGENCY BRAKE VALVE
6) DISTRIBUTOR VALVE 14) MANUAL RELEASE
7) CONTROL RESERVIOR 15) PASS.EMERGENCY ALARAM VALVE ASSEMBLY
8) ISOLATING COCK 16) PRESSURE GAUGE
 BRAKE BINDING

ON ONE TROLLY

ON BOTH TROLLEYS
 ONLY ONE TROLLY AFFECTED

Binding with BK.Cyl in

Binding with BK.Cyl in
release condition
operative condition

Rotate SAB

SAB rotating SAB stuck up

Release BK Release BK
rigging by rigging by
rotating removing palm
SAB end pin

Dummy BK cyl. Work

train upto destination
Binding with BK.Cyl in operative condition
Operate QRV of DV

If BK cyl. released If BK cyl. Does not release

Isolate FP & AR isolating cock,

Isolate the DV and pull QRV
QRV
Isolate BK cyl.
isolating cock

If piston If piston does not

releases release

Leave DV in isolate Isolate BK cyl. And pull

condition drain plug of BK cyl

ROTATE TO
ISOLATE DV
BOTH TROLEYS AFFECTED
Operate QRV of DV
If piston released If piston does not
release

Isolate BK QRV Isolate FP & AR isolating

cock, isolate DV & Pull
cyl. & DV
QRV again

If piston If piston does not

released release
ROTATE TO
ISOLATE DV
Open AR drain
Leave DV in cock & if piston
isolating does not release
condition

Isolate both cyl.&

open drain plug
of BK cyl.
BMBS TROLLEYS AFFECTED
 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF
BMBS AIR BRAKE SYSTEM
BRAKE PIPE
PRESSURE GAUGE ALARAM PULL CHAIN
GD’S
FEED PIPE EVB
PEAV
FP PRESSURE GAUGE
ANGLE COCK
FEED PIPE

BP PEAV
ANGLE COCK ISOLATING COCK
BRAKE PIPE

BP
ISOLATING COCK
CR DV
AR
ISOLATING AR
QRV
COCK
DRAIN COCK ISOLATING HANDLE

BC ISOLATING COCK
BC BC
 STEPS TO RELEASE
BRAKE BINDING
BP
Close isolating cock of
STEP-1 BP & FP branch pipe line FP

Isolate DV by moving the

STEP-2 handle from vertical to
horizontal position & secure
 Release DV by pulling QRV
STEP-3 till all the air escaped
Through DV

Close both bogie brake

STEP-4
Isolating cocks
 Pull out the clutch &
STEP-5 rotate spindle rod
clock wise to
release the piston
FOR SLR Check hand brake and
ensure gap between
COACHES wheel and brake block.

IF ACP ON Reset the PEAV & if not

success isolate the
COACHES PEAV isolating cock
AIR BARKE SYSTEM ON LHB COACHES

(Axle Mounted Disc Brake)

 Brake
calipers

Brake Pads

Axle mounted
brake disc
 Brake
Cylinder
 AIR BRAKE SYSTEM ON LHB COACHES
Principle characteristics of brake system:

Application time: 3-5 SEC

Release time: 15-20 SEC

BRAKE INDICATORS
BRAKE APPLIED BRAKE RELEASED
 Pull QRV handle to release control
reservoir pressure. If brakes released
brake indicator will turn red to green.

QRV
HANDLE

DV

QRV
 FEED PIPE BOGIE-1 BOGIE-2
CDTS ISOLATING ISOLATING ISOLATING
ISOLATING COCK COCK COCK
COCK

SAB WABCO BRAKE CONTROL PANEL

KNORR BREMSE BRAKE CONTROL PANEL
 FEED PIPE CDTS
ISOLATING ISOLATING
COCK COCK

BOGIE-1 BOGIE-2
ISOLATING ISOLATING
COCK COCK

KNORR BREMSE BRAKE CONTROL PANEL

FEED PIPE Turn the FP cock horizontal to
ISOLATING
COCK vertical to Isolate feed pipe supply
to aux. reservoir.

SAB WABCO BRAKE CONTROL PANEL

 Open the drain cock of Aux. reservoir to
discharge the full pressure then close it.
The brake indicator will turn to green if
brake binding is due to pneumatic failure.

75 lt. AR
125 lt. AR for For CDTS
brake system

AR
Drain cock
Isolate bogies by isolating both bogie cut out
cock, put FP in service and work the train.
The affected coach will run as piped vehicle.

BOGIE-1 BOGIE-2
ISOLATING ISOLATING
COCK COCK
FEED PIPE
ISOLATING
COCK

SAB WABCO BRAKE CONTROL PANEL

RESETING OF ACP
ACP RESETING PROCEDURE
 SALIENT FEATURES &
WORKING PRINCIPLE OF
BMBS WAGON
 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF BMBS

The equipment consists of a transversely mounted

pneumatic actuator (Brake Cylinder) with a self-
contained, double acting slack adjuster, two brake
beams, two bell crank levers and interconnecting push
rods. The hand brake arrangement is available as a
mechanical model with two flexible hand brake cables.
The pneumatic actuator is 10” in diameter for application
on high friction brake shoe (K type) on casnub type
bogies. The system consists of a unique design with two
pneumatic actuators to deliver reliable braking
performance and is light in weight. It fits into any
standard IR casnub bogie and uses 58mm thick brake
shoes.
 SALIENT FEATURES :-
1- Use of Two no’s of 10” Dia brake cylinders with automatic
load sensing device.
2- Use of 58 mm thick K type non asbestos composite
brake block.
3- Piston stroke of 56(+6,-0) mm in empty condition and 62
(+6,-0) mm in loaded condition is required to maintain.
4- Application of loads is at the ends the brake beam
instead of centre resulted no chances of bending of brake
beams.
5- Cylinder is with double acting slack adjustment feature
with constant piston stroke resulting is uniform brake
performances even as the brake shoes and wheels wears.
6- Total slack adjusting capacity is 500 mm including
brake block wear, wheel wear and all clearances.
7- All cylinders are equipped with an automatic piston
stroke indicator.
8- Replacement of the brake head is quickly and easy
by removal by only one pin.
9- Provision of mechanical hand brake system with the
use of two no’s stainless hand brake cables pulled
through standard hand brake rigging.
10- Easy fitment of bogie mounted cylinder on any
standard bogies without making any modifications.
 ADVANTAGES OF BMBS OVER CONVENTIONAL
BRAKE SYSTEM
1-SAB is eliminated providing in built slack adjuster to
take up slack automatically.
2- Brake Rigging completely eliminated.
3- Wt of BK system Reduced approx: 300 Kg resulting
more carrying capacity.
4- E/L system Modified to Automatic Load sensing hence
there is no L/E handle.
5- Mechanical efficiency ( Brake percentage) Increased
to 47.6% ( was 43.8% in case of BOXN)
6- Push Rod of conventional type eliminated BK rigging
eliminated so there was a low chance of hanging
parts in Train.
7- Braking Distance decreased.
8- Wheel wear is Reduced due to use of K-Type 58 mm
thick composite BK Block.
9- Speed of Train Increased due to better control.
10- Reliability of BK system is increased.
11- Low Maintenance Cost.
12- No need of Detachment of wagons in en route when
BK pipe Damage.
13- Cylinder is mounted parallel to the brake beam and
transfer forces through the bell cranks.
14- Improves the efficiency and alignments of the
braking forces with the wheels which reduced the
wear of shoes and wheels.

15- Use of pressure regulated load sensing device,

installed between body and bogie under frame act on
15 psi to maintain normal sensor arm travel of 95 mm.

16- Use of single stage distributor valve (conventional

type).

17- Use of Two bell crank levers and two Inter

connecting Push rods, to transmit braking force from
bk cyl. to wheel through primary and secondary brake
beams.
Brake cylinder with double acting
slack adjustment feature.
DV in service
When BP reduced, piston moves outward
and the indicator comes out from the BC.

Piston stroke
indicator
DV in isolated condition and manually
Released…
 Piston moves inside
and the indicator also moves inside.
Automatically changes the BC pressure, 3.8kg/cm2 /
2.2kg/cm2 depending upon loaded / empty
condition. Installed between Distributor Valve and
Brake Cylinder. Physical contact of lever with side
frame only during braking.

Mounted on under frame, takes Deflection

of Bolster taken against side frame.

APM (EL-60 Valve)

Individual bogie can be isolated by isolating the
corresponding bogie COC.

Normal position
of bogie COC
Individual bogie can be isolated by isolating the
corresponding bogie COC.

Isolated position
of bogie COC
During single pipe operation the FP can be
isolated by FP COC.

Isolated position
of FP COC
 Provision of mechanical hand brake
system with the use of two numbers
stainless hand brake cables pulled
through standard hand brake rigging in
one trolley only.

DV
Mechanical arrangement for
Hand brake.
To apply hand brake rotate the wheel
towards DV. (on either side)

DV
As an indication the piston stroke
indicator will comes out.
To release hand brake rotate the wheel
opposite to DV. (on either side)

DV
As an indication the piston stroke
indicator will go inside.
To ensure the hand brake application
check the brake blocks are griping on
the wheel of corresponding trolley .