INTRODUCTION

In recent years, the finger-vein trait, as an emerging biometric pattern, has increasingly attracted
popular attention in biometrics community. Compared with some conventional biometric traits, e.g
fingerprint, face, palm print, iris, the finger vein pattern itself has some distinct advantages like
higher user friendliness, liveness detection, high security and small device size, which make it well
suited for high security and user friendly application. Hence, finger vein recognition is very desirable
for many critical security applications such as ATM, access control, border crossing and etc.
Generally, a finger vein identification process consists of four major steps including image capture,
pre-processing, feature extraction and classification. Among this step, feature extraction plays an
important role as it will determine the effectiveness of these systems. Based on the previous
research, feature extraction can be classed into three categories: hand-crafted based method, global
based method and learned based method. These method perform well depend on the cases and
database. For hand-crafted method, the method is based on the segmentation of the finger vein line
like the maximum curvature point method, the mean curvature and the Gabor filter. The vein
network is segmented and the geometric shape or topological structure of the network is extracted
for matching. However, this method only satisfying if the quality of the finger vein image is high.
Differs from global based method, this kind of methods were based on the dimensionality reduction
technique or two dimensional feature matrix by a trained projection matrices where the whole
finger vein image is used to extract the feature of the image. The example of this technique is
Principle Component Analysis (PCA), two dimensional principle component analysis (2dPCA) and two
dimensional and two directional principle component analysis (2d2PCA). Nonetheless, this method is
very sensitive to the translation and rotation of the images. Besides, the more users in the database,
the more complicated are the training process of the projection matrix. To address this, [],[]
implement the deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for finger vein recognition where is
commonly can offer outstanding performance in the field of image recognition. It consists of a
number of convolutional and sub-sampling layers producing a fully connected layer, which in turn
can be used as a robust feature classifier module. On the other hand, CNN requires a large training
sample based on extensively studied face recognition of large-scale public face database. Compared
to the size of the public finger vein database is still relatively small. Therefore attempts to apply
deep learning in finger vein recognition are still in trial stage since it is hard to satisfy the
requirement for a large number training sample to train a deep neural network. Additionally, the
CNN require lots of parameter and high computation that is infeasible for real time finger vein
identification. Motivates from deep CNN method (learned based method), if we can assume that the
outstanding performance of deep leaning can be maintain or improve if we lower the number of
training, reduce the computer complexity and parameter, it for sure deep learning method is the
best choice for feature extraction in finger vein because it robust to the low image quality. Hence,
this encouraged us to adopt the deep CNNs to become simple deep learning by our proposed
method without ignoring the outstanding performance of deep learning, in fact it can compete to
other state of the art methods.
References:

[1] A novel finger vein verification system based on two-stream convolutional network learning-
Yuxun Fang,Qiuxia Wu and Wenxiong Kang.

[2] Convalutional Neural Network for finger vein based biometric identification-Rig Das.