Instruction

Manual
Engine Peak Meter
Type 2516B3

2516B3_002-628e-12.12
Instruction
Manual
Engine Peak Meter
Type 2516B3

2516B3_002-628e-12.12
Foreword

Foreword
Thank you for choosing a Kistler quality product
characterized by technical innovation, precision and long
life.

Information in this document is subject to change without

notice. Kistler reserves the right to change or improve its
products and make changes in the content without
obligation to notify any person or organization of such
changes or improvements.

©2012 Kistler Group. All rights reserved. Except as

expressly provided herein, no part of this manual may be
reproduced for any purpose without the express prior
written consent of Kistler Group.

Kistler Group
Eulachstrasse 22
8408 Winterthur
Switzerland
Tel. +41 52 224 11 11
Fax +41 52 224 14 14
info@kistler.com
www.kistler.com

2516B3_002-628e-12.12 Page 1
 Content

Content

1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 The Kistler Service ................................................................................................................ 4

2. Important Notes ............................................................................................................................. 5

2.1 General ................................................................................................................................ 5
2.2 Hints on the Use of these Operating Instructions ................................................................. 5
2.3 Disposal of Electronic Equipment .......................................................................................... 6
2.4 Software Upgrades and Updates .......................................................................................... 6

3. Description ..................................................................................................................................... 7
3.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 7
3.2 Measuring Functions ............................................................................................................ 8
3.3 Functional Principle .............................................................................................................. 9
3.4 Measuring Process ............................................................................................................. 10
3.4.1 Zero Shifter ........................................................................................................... 10
3.4.2 The Measurement ................................................................................................. 11

4. Operation ..................................................................................................................................... 12
4.1 Connections and Control Elements ..................................................................................... 12
4.2 Start-up .............................................................................................................................. 13
4.3 Measurement with Statistical Evaluation of 1 ... 100 Pressure Cycles ................................. 14
4.4 Segmentation of Memory .................................................................................................. 14
4.5 Measuring the Instantaneous Peak Value ........................................................................... 15
4.6 Recalling Measured Data Stored......................................................................................... 15
4.6.1 Single Measurement .............................................................................................. 15
4.6.2 Overview pav ......................................................................................................... 16
4.7 Deleting the Memory ......................................................................................................... 16
4.8 Data Transfer with USB Interface ....................................................................................... 16
4.9 Measurand Storage and Output to USB Interface .............................................................. 17

5. Sensors and Adapter .................................................................................................................... 18

6. PC Software ................................................................................................................................. 19

7. Maintenance and Calibration ....................................................................................................... 20

7.1 Calibration Ex-Factory ........................................................................................................ 20
7.2 Recalibration ...................................................................................................................... 20
7.3 Calibrating Sensor Type 6013CSF....................................................................................... 21

8. Technical Data ............................................................................................................................. 22

9. Declaration of Conformitiy .......................................................................................................... 24

Total Pages 24

Page 2 2516B3_002-628e-12.12
Introduction

1. Introduction
Please take the time to thoroughly read this instruction
manual. It will help you with the installation, maintenance,
and use of this product.

To the extent permitted by law Kistler does not accept any

liability if this instruction manual is not followed or
products other than those listed under Accessories are
used.

Kistler offers a wide range of products for use in measuring

technology:
 Piezoelectric sensors for measuring force, torque, strain,
pressure, acceleration, shock, vibration and acoustic-
emission
 Strain gage sensor systems for measuring force and
torque
 Piezoresistive pressure sensors and transmitters
 Signal conditioners, indicators and calibrators
 Electronic control and monitoring systems as well as
software for specific measurement applications
 Data transmission modules (telemetry)

Kistler also develops and produces measuring solutions for

the application fields engines, vehicles, manufacturing,
plastics and biomechanics sectors.

Our product and application brochures will provide you

with an overview of our product range. Detailed data
sheets are available for almost all products.

If you need additional help beyond what can be found

either on-line or in this manual, please contact Kistler's
extensive support organization.

2516B3_002-628e-12.12 Page 3
 Engine Peak Meter Type 2516B3

1.1 The Kistler Service

The world-wide Kistler customer service is available to you
for any specific questions you may still have after studying
these instructions, and is also competent to advise you
concerning problems relating to specific applications.

Fig.1: Engine Peak Meter Type 2516B3 with Sensor Type

6013CSFA

Page 4 2516B3_002-628e-12.12
Important Notes

2. Important Notes
It is essential for you to study the following information,
compliance with which is for your personal safety, when
you are working with the Engine Peak Meter and which
will ensure long-term, fault-free operation of this engine
peak meter.

2.1 General
Check all equipment packaging for any transport damage.
Report any damage to the transporters and to the
authorized Kistler distributor.

2.2 Hints on the Use of these Operating Instructions

We recommend you to read the entire operating
instructions carefully. However, if you are in a hurry and
already have experience with Kistler devices, you can
confine yourself to reading the specific information
needed.

We have attempted to give these instructions a clear layout

to make it easier for you to gain direct access to the
information you need. Please keep these operating
instructions in a safe place where you can retrieve them at
any time.

If you lose these instructions, please contact your Kistler

customer service and ask for an immediate replacement.

Naturally, we must reserve the right if necessary to alter

any details and instructions in this instruction manual
without prior notification. Any equipment modifications
will also result in changes to the instruction manual. In case
of doubt, contact your Kistler distributor for updating
facilities for your documentation.

2516B3_002-628e-12.12 Page 5
 Engine Peak Meter Type 2516B3

2.3 Disposal of Electronic Equipment

Old electronic equipment must not be disposed of in

household waste. Please hand in old equipment to the
nearest electronic equipment disposal point or contact
your Kistler sales outlet.

2.4 Software Upgrades and Updates

Kistler may from time to time supply upgrades or updates
for embedded software. Such upgrades or updates must
always be installed.

Kistler declines any liability whatsoever for any direct or

consequential damage caused by products running on
embedded software which has not been upgraded or
updated with the latest software supplied.

Page 6 2516B3_002-628e-12.12
Description

3. Description

3.1 Introduction
The Type 2516B3 is a handy peak-pressure measuring in-
strument for measuring the cylinder pressure of internal
combustion engines with a speed range of up to 4 000
1/min.

In the Type 2516B3 charge amplifier with a PiezoSmart®

function is integrated, when using a PiezSmart® Type
6013CSF range and sensitivity are automatically set.

This battery-operated measuring instrument measures

between 1 … 100 successive pressure cycles, from which it
calculates the arithmetic mean value of the peak pressure,
standard deviation, steepest slope of the pressure curve as
well as the average pressure curve. The numerical data are
shown on the LC display and can be saved as required. The
average pressure curve can be analyzed with the software
contained in the included accessories.

Fig. 2: Engine Peak Meter Type 2516B3, with sensor Type

6013CSFA

2516B3_002-628e-12.12 Page 7
 Engine Peak Meter Type 2516B3

3.2 Measuring Functions

1. Statistical evaluation of 1 ... 100 pressure cycles
pmax maximum peak pressure
pmin minimum peak pressure
pav average peak pressure
psdev Standard deviation of the peak pressure
(dp/dca) max steepest slope of the pressure curve
Speed speed

2. Pressure curve (p-t)

Average pressure curve with a resolution of 720
measuring points per revolution, which can be printed
out via the USB interface (ASCII file). The pressure
curve can be displayed with the software provided.
Please note that the pressure curve has not been
recorded in relation to the crank angle. The scaling of
the x-axis in °crank angle has been selected only for the
purpose of providing a better illustration, where 360
measuring points represent 360 °KW. For a first
expertise the pressure curve can be displayed on the
display.

3. Instantaneous peak value "Peak"

The peak pressure is shown without limit of time. For
this application, we recommend use plug-in power unit
Art. No. 65009086.

4. Average value of the stored pav values.

The average value is calculated from the measurands
stored in Memory Block 1 pav and shown on the display.
For the purpose of calculating this value, it is essential
to store the measurements in ascending sequence
(Store to Memory 1 –> 20).
If this is not done, the error message "Error" will appear
for the pav value, while all other measurands will be
shown correctly.

Page 8 2516B3_002-628e-12.12
Description

Mean value of the

stored pav values

3.3 Functional Principle

Since long indicator tubes cause pipe oscillations, which
can falsify the measuring signal, the cylinder pressure signal
can be smoothed with an adjustable low-pass filter.

The Engine Peak Meter has ä-conformity according to EC

Directive 89/336/EEC and complies with EMC standards
for industrial and laboratory equipment (interference
emission EN 61000-6-3 and 4 respectively as well as
interference immunity EN 61000-6-2 and 1 respectively).

2516B3_002-628e-12.12 Page 9
 Engine Peak Meter Type 2516B3

3.4 Measuring Process

3.4.1 Zero Shifter

The meter has a special Zero Shifter function, which
automatically sets the various quiescent voltages of the
connected sensors to a specific value = zero point. The
display will show "Wait" until this value is reached upon
which the display will show "Ready" and the meter will
then be ready to operate. If the "Measure" button is
pressed during "Wait", the measuring process will not
start. The button is operational only when "Ready"
appears.

After successful actuation of the measuring process, the

meter waits until the set trigger threshold of the pressure
signal is reached before it analyzes the selected number of
operating cycles.

Fig.3: Measuring principle

The "Measure" button has been pressed before
the time t = 0, i.e. at time t = 0 the meter is
already synchronized with the engine speed.

Page 10 2516B3_002-628e-12.12
Description

3.4.2 The Measurement

After the "Measure" button has been pressed, a check is
made as to whether a pressure signal exists and whether
the trigger threshold has been reached. If this is the case,
the meter synchronizes with the engine, then determines
the period and from it the engine speed, and analyzes a
given number of combustion cycles according to the
settings selected in the menu.
Every second pressure curve is acquired for the evaluation.
The measurement is started by means of a pretrigger in the
low pressure range (charge-air pressure).
 With a four-stroke engine, only the compression and
combustion strokes are recorded (first 360° of the
combustion cycle).

2516B3_002-628e-12.12 Page 11
 Engine Peak Meter Type 2516B3

4. Operation

4.1 Connections and Control Elements

Type 2516B3 Connections
 Fischer connector KE 103, for 6013CSF
 D-Sub 9 pin connector for serial interface USB
 2 pin Klinker connector (EIAJ standard) for external 12
V DC supply

Fig. 4: Connectors for sensor and charger Fig. 5: Type 2516B3 with sensor Type
6013CSFA

Control Elements
On/Off Meter on/off switch
(Meter switches off after about 4 minutes of
non-use, provided this function has not been
deactivated (see chapter 4.2)
F1 ... F3 Function buttons; function is indicated on the
display

Menu To call up the menus:

 Measurement Settings
 Instrument Settings
 Memory

as To select a menu or change a parameter

Esc To exit the menu

OK To confirm entry

Measure To start a measurement

Page 12 2516B3_002-628e-12.12
Operation

4.2 Start-up
Once the meter on the Type 2516B3 is turned on, the
software version is displayed.

The factory settings are as follows:

Settings in the "Measurement Settings" Menu

Type 2516B3
Measuring range 250 bar
Engine 2-stroke
Display bar
Low-pass filter (5th order 5 000 Hz
Butterworth)
Trigger Level 10 % FS
Measuring cycles 16

Settings in the "Instrument Settings" Menu

Time hms
Date dmy
Auto off (turns off autom. after activated
2 min.)
Password deactivated
Default settings Resets "Measuring
Setting" parameters to
factory setting

"USB Settings"

Baud rate 19 200 Bd

The parameters set can be edited as follows:

1. Turn on the engine peak meter

2. Press the "Menu" button
3. Select the menu with the a s buttons:
 Measurement Settings
 Instrument Settings
 Memory
 USB Setting
4. Confirm with OK button
5. Select the parameter with a s button
6. Call up the parameter with the OK button, edit the
value with the a s buttons and confirm the new value
set with the OK button
7. Press the Esc button to return to a step in the menu
hierarchy.

2516B3_002-628e-12.12 Page 13
 Engine Peak Meter Type 2516B3

4.3 Measurement with Statistical Evaluation of 1 ... 100 Pressure Cycles

1. Connect the sensor to the Engine Peak Meter
2. Connect the sensor to the indicator valve
3. Switch on the meter
4. Start the measuring process by pressing the "Measure"
button. The display shows "Measuring in progress"
followed by the number of pressure cycles to be
measured. On completion of the measurement, the
display shows the average peak pressure value "pav".
The measurands of the individual engine characteristic
can be called up with the a s buttons.
5. To save the measurement, press the "F2"="Store"
button. The display then shows:
 Store to Memory
 Memory Block

If the memory location shown is accepted, save the

measurands by pressing the "F2"="Store" button once
more.

If the measurement is to be assigned to a different

memory location, the number of the memory location
can be edited with the a s buttons. Selection of the
Memory Block can be edited with the "F3"="Toggle"
button. Save it by pressing the "F2"="Store" button.

4.4 Segmentation of Memory

Memory Block 1
(Storage of the data sets 1 ... 20)

Memory 1
. .
. .
Memory 20

Memory Block 2
(Storage of the data sets 21 ... 40)

Memory 21
. .
. .
Memory 40

Page 14 2516B3_002-628e-12.12
Operation

4.5 Measuring the Instantaneous Peak Value

1. Connect the sensor to the Engine Peak Meter
2. Connect the sensor to the indicator valve
3. Switch on the meter
4. Select the "Peak" display with the a s buttons. The
instantaneous peak value is now continuously
displayed, the reading on the display is updated at 1,5 s
intervals.

Important: Automatic off-switching must be deactiv-

ated, otherwise the meter will be switched off after
4 minutes. It is advisable to use plug-in power unit art.
65009086 for continuous monitoring.

4.6 Recalling Measured Data Stored

4.6.1 Single Measurement

1. Switch on the meter
2. Select "Read out one shot"
3. Press the "F1"="Read" button
4. Select the measurement you require with the a s and
"F3"="Toggle" buttons
5. The measured data from the stored measurements are
shown on the display. At the same time, the top right
area of the display shows the number of the memory
location and the memory block.

Mean value of the

stored pav values

2516B3_002-628e-12.12 Page 15
 Engine Peak Meter Type 2516B3

4.6.2 Overview pav

1. Press the "F1" = "Read" button
2. Select "Read out all pav"
All pav of a memory block are shown. Switch from
Block 1 to Block 2 with "Toggle"

4.7 Deleting the Memory

The entire memory contents can be deleted in the
"Memory" menu.

1. Switch on the meter

2. Press the "Menu" button
3. Menu selection: "Memory" with the a s buttons
4. Confirm with the "OK" button

Individual measurements cannot be deleted. However, it is

possible to overwrite existing measured data.

4.8 Data Transfer with USB Interface

The measurements stored are available as an ASCII file and
can be transferred via the serial interface to a PC.

Only the link cable mat. no. 65009959 contained in the

included accessories should be used for the data transfer.

Before the data transfer, a check must be made to

determine whether the baud rate is the same as that of the
PC and if necessary it must be adjusted accordingly.

Transfer of data to the evaluation software included should

take place at a baud rate of 19 200 baud.

Page 16 2516B3_002-628e-12.12
Operation

Data transfer:
1. Switch on the meter
2. Press the "F3"="Send" button; the display will show:
 "Send All Shots":
all stored data records are sent
 "Send Memory x to: y":
x,y = 1 … 40, select with "OK" ; a s; <>"F2"
 "Actual Shot":
last not yet stored measurement is sent
 "Send with curve?":
NO / YES
First select with or without curve, then select which
data records are to be sent.

3. Press the "F3="Send" button to transfer the data

The serial number of the Engine Peak Meter Type 2516B3

is transmitted together with the measured data.

Example
Selection: Memory Block 2 data records 2 to 4
Meter entry: Send Memory 22 to 24

4.9 Measurand Storage and Output to USB Interface

Memory
EnginePeak SN: 12312312 Firmware: 1.0xx
1/min pmax pmin p av
1681 197,9 197,9 98,3
P sdev (dp/dca) max
0,0 10,2
Time(h m s)02 50 00 Date(d m y) 01 10 07
Stroke FilterFreq.
2 300 Hz
Trigger level Cycles
10 1

1.2
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.3
.
.
.
720 Pressure curve valves

Data transfer takes place in plain text (ASCII)

Each line ends with CR + LF (0D + 0A).

2516B3_002-628e-12.12 Page 17
 Engine Peak Meter Type 2516B3

5. Sensors and Adapter

Cylinder Pressure Sensor Type 6013CSF

For the description and technical data, see data sheet

6013CSF_003-024.

Page 18 2516B3_002-628e-12.12
PC Software

6. PC Software
The included accessories consist of a CD with evaluation
software and the PC connecting cable needed for data
transfer. The CD contains detailed instructions for the
program.

2516B3_002-628e-12.12 Page 19
 Engine Peak Meter Type 2516B3

7. Maintenance and Calibration

7.1 Calibration Ex-Factory

The Engine Peak Meter Set Type 2516B3 is delivered with
the following test and calibration certificates.

Calibration Certificate Type 2516B3

Kistler guarantees with this certificate that all technical data
are within the values stated in Section 8.

Type 6013CSFA
Every sensor is calibrated in various pressure and
temperature ranges. The calibration values are stated on
the inspection document. Every sensor is supplied with a
calibration certificate.
The calibration values are stored on a chip (transducer
electronic datasheet) integrated into the connector. This
values are automatically transferred to the 2516B3.

7.2 Recalibration
It is advisable to check the Engine Peak Meter Type
2516B3 (electronics) once a year. The sensors are
extremely stable so that calibration is necessary only every
2 years or after 100 operating hours.

Calibrating Engine Peak Meter Type 2516B3

Test Equipment: Sine-wave generator

Checking the Measuring Accuracy:

Load default values (menu : "Instrument Settings")
"Default Settings". Instead of the sensor, apply a
sinusoidal voltage (f = 10 ... 30 Hz) 4 Vpp respectively. A
d.c. voltage component must be added to the sinusoidal
voltage until the resulting voltage is within the input
voltage range (see Technical Data section 8). If this is the
case, the message "Ready" will appear in the display.
Select the "Peak" characteristic with the a s buttons. The
peak value shown must be 250 bar ±0,5 % ±2 digits. If
there is a greater deviation, we recommend you to return
the Engine Peak Meter to Kistler for recalibration.

Page 20 2516B3_002-628e-12.12
Maintenance and Calibration

7.3 Calibrating Sensor Type 6013CSF

The sensors cannot be statically calibrated. Calibration
therefore requires considerable technical expertise as well
as a good knowledge of piezoelectrical measuring
technology.

We therefore recommend you to send the sensor to Kistler

for recalibration.

2516B3_002-628e-12.12 Page 21
 Engine Peak Meter Type 2516B3

8. Technical Data
Type 2516B3
Adjustment Range bar 60 ... 689
psi 870 ... 9 990
Mpa 6 ... 68,9
Input voltage range V –1 ... 7
Input voltage compliance (FSO) Vpp 0,24 … 4
Sensor supply (ICA) V/% 18/±10
Interference signal sensor supply (0,1 ... 1 MHz @ I = 18 mVPP <40
mA)
Sensor sensitivity (adjustable) Step: 0,1 mV/bar 4 ... 40
Step: 0,007 mV/psi 0,276 ... 2,759
Step: 1 mV/Mpa 40 ... 400
Display/resolution (12 bits) bar Xxx,x/0,1
psi Xxx/1
Mpa Xx,xx/0,01
Accuracy of the pressure value display % ±0,5 ±2 Digit
Max. input voltage V <±15
Number of measuring points per engine revolution /360° 720
Input resistance kΩ >480
Low-pass filter (5th order Butterworth), –3 dB Hz 300, 500, 1 500, 5 000
Speed range 1/min 50 ... 4 000
Speed measurement resolution (time base Tz = 0,102 ms) 1/min 0,004 ... 27
Speed measurement error % 0,0085 ... 0,68

Serial interface
Interface, standard – USB
Max. input signal level (continuous) V <±20
Baud rate, selectable baud 9 600/19 200
Data bits – 8
Stop bits – 1
Parity – none
Handshake – none
Protocol – none

Page 22 2516B3_002-628e-12.12
Technical Data

Supply
Battery IEC 6LF22/9 V 9
External plug-in power unit (see included accessories) V/% 12/±5
Current consumption without sensor mA ≈50
Battery life (@50 mA) h ≈5
Charge time h ≈5

Display
LCD graphic display, reflective, green/blue, 6 o’clock dots 128×64
Number of significant places for measurand display digits 4

Key Pad
Membrane key pad buttons 10

General Data
Operating temperature range °C 0 ... 50
Min./Max. temperature °C 0/70
Moisture RH % 50
Degree of protection EN 60529 IP 50
Dimensions without collision guard (L×W×D) mm 150x75x35
Dimensions with collision guard (L×W×D) mm 182,5×92×45
Weight g ≈500
Automatic shut off (can be deactivated) min 4
"Battery Low" warning at V <7
Real-time clock for date/time YY.MM.DD Real-time clock for date/time
Stored energy-time support capacitor for internal clock min 10
(no backup battery for battery change)
Program update via USB (Flash Loader) –
Remote control via USB: recall of the display value by – "V"= (2 decimal places without
commands unit), ":72" (3 decimal places
with unit) (see command set)
Number of data records storable Data 2x20
records1
Data record consisting of:
1/min, pmax, pmin, pav, pcomp, sdev, (dp/dca) max, signal
waveform averaged, Data, Time

1
A data record consists of numerical measurands, curve
trace, number, date and time of the memory location

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 Engine Peak Meter Type 2516B3

9. Declaration of Conformitiy

Page 24 2516B3_002-628e-12.12