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Instrumentation Measurement of power and power factor

NED University of Engineering and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering

LAB SESSION 01(a)

OBJECT: -

To Measure the Power and Power Factor by three Ammeter method.

APPARATUS: -
• Given circuit board
• Three Ammeter.
• Power supply
• Connecting Wires
• 150 Volts Supply

DIAGRAM : -

Vectoral Representation

THEORY: -
On analyzing the given circuit, the total current I1 is divided into I2 & I3. I 2 current is
passing through resistor therefore it is in phase with applied voltage, while I3 is passing
through inductor therefore it is lagged by angle φ with respect to applied voltage.
Graphically it can be represented as:
Instrumentation Measurement of power and power factor
NED University of Engineering and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering

Resolve I into components & consider ∆ ABC.

(I1 )2 = (I 2+ I3 cos φ) 2 + (I 3 sin φ) 2


2 2 2 2
(I1) = I2 + 2 I 2I3 cos φ + I 3² cos φ + (I 3 sin φ)
2 2 2 2 2
I1 - I2 = 2 I2 I3 cos φ + I3 (cos φ+ sin φ)

Now,
Cos φ = (I1 2
-I
2
2
- I3 2 ) / 2I2I3.
Now again consider above equation
2 2 2
2I2I3 cos φ = ( I -I - I3 )
1 2
2 2 2
2(V/R) I3 cosφ = ( I - I 2 - I3 )
1
2
VI3 cosφ = (I1 2 - I 2 - I3 2 )R/2
2
P= (I 2- I 2- I3 2 ) R/2.
1 2

Real Power = (I12-I22-I32) R/2 & where R = 150 V/I2

OBSERVATION:

S. No. V I1 I2 I3

CALCULATIONS: -

RESULT:
(1)Power factor is found to be:

(2)Power is found to be:


Instrumentation Measurement of power and power factor
NED University of Engineering and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering

LAB SESSION 01(b)

OBJECT:
To Measure the Po wer and Power Factor by Three Voltmeter method.

APPARATUS: -
1. AC voltmeter.
2. 150 volt AC supply.
3. Circuit board.
4. AC ammeter.
5. Connecting wires

DIAGRAM : -

Vectoral
Representation

THEORY: -
On analyzing the given circuit it is observed that the two elements, resistor, and inductor
are connected in series i.e. the same amount of current is passing through each element.
The voltage drop in inductor is leading the current which is graphically can be
represented as:

Now from figure,


Apply Pythagoras theorem on ∆ ABC.
2 2 2
V 1 = (V2 + V3 cosφ) + ( V 3 sinφ)

V 2 =V 2 + 2V V cosφ + V 2 Cos 2 φ + V 2
Sin 2 φ
Instrumentation Measurement of power and power factor
NED University of Engineering and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering

V1 2 -V2 2 -V3 2
= 2V2V3 Cosφ

Cosφ = (V 1 2 -V22 -V3 2 ) / 2V2V3 Eq #1

For real power: -


2V2V3 cosφ = V 12 -V2 2 -V32
2 2 2
2(IR)V3 cosφ = V1 -V2 -V3
2 2 2
V3 I cosφ = (V1 -V 2 -V3 )/2R

Real Power = (VI2-V22-V32)/2R Eq # 2 Where R = V /I

OBSERVATION:

S. No. V1 V2 V3 I

CALCULATIONS: -

RESULTS:

• Real power is found to be = Watts

• Power factor is found to be =

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