Chapter 1

1.1

n1
(a) n
i 1
2i

0123
(b) 0123
012   13
01

n1 n1
1.2 n i  n
i 1
2
i 1
2  n1n2

1.3 (a)
n300  4 n320  3
n301  4 n321  2
n302  3 n322  1
n303  2 n330  2
n310  4 n331  1
n311  3
n312  2
n313  1

(b)   4  4  3  ...  2  1  32
n1 n2
1.4  n
i 1 j 1
2  n1n2 n3

1
2 Mathematical Statistics, 8E

1.5 (b) 6, 20, and 70

 1  2  
“2 out of 3” m = 2 2         2(1  2)  6
 1 1  
  2 3  4
“3 out of 5” m = 3 2            2(1  3  6)  20
  2  2 2
  3  4   5   6  
“4 out of 7” m = 4 2               2(1  4  10  20)  70
  3  3   3  3  

10
 10 
1.6 (a) 10!  0π    (7.92665)(3.678797)10  (7.92665)(454,002.49)  3,598,719
e
3.6288  3.5987
% error   100  0.83%
3.6288
12
 12 
12!  24π    (8.683215)(4.41455)12  475,683,224
e
4.7800  4.7568
% error   100  0.69%
4.7900

52
 52 
104π  
 52  52!  e 
(b) 13   13! 39!  13 39
 13   39 
26π 78π    
e  e 
1352  452 452
   639 billion
19.5π 1313  1339  339 19.5π 339

 2n  2n !
1.7 Using Stirling’s formula in    yields
 n  n! n!
 2n   2n 
2n

 n  π n 4π n  
e πn
2n
 2
 2n  1
2  π  
n 2
 2π n   
e 
 

1.8 n r and 123 = 1,728

 r  n  1  5  3  1  7 
1.9  r  and  5    5   21

1.10 Substitute r  n for r into result of 1.9

 r  n  n  1  r  1   5  1  4 
 r  n    r  n  and  5  3   2   6
Chapter 1 3

1.11 (b) Seventh row is 1, 6, 15, 20, 15, 6, 1

Eighth row is 1, 7, 21, 35, 35, 21, 7, 1

( x  y )6  x 6  6 x 5 y  15 x 4 y 2  20 x 2 y 3  15 x 2 y 4  6 xy 5  y 6

( x  y )7  x 7  7 x 6 y  21x 5 y 2  35 x 4 y 3  35 x 3 y 4  21x 2 y 5  7 xy 6  y 7

1.14 (a) Set x = 1 and y = 1

(b) Set x = 1 and y = 1
(c) Set x = 1 and y = a  1

1  1 3  5
     
2  2 2 2 15 (3)( 4)( 5)
1.19 (a)  and  10
24 384 6

1
 1 2  1  1  1  1   1 2 1  1   3   1 3 
(b) 5  2 1    2 1                   
 4  2  4  2  2   4  2  2   2   4  
 1 1 3  512  64  8  3
 2 1      2 
 8 64 512  512
571
 2  2.23
512
1142
 2.230
512

(1)( 2)...( r )
1.20 (a)  ( 1) r
r!

  n  (  n )(  n  1)...(  n  r  1) n (n  1)...( n  r  1)
(b)  r   r!
 ( 1) r
r!
(n  r  1)...( n  1)n  n  r  1
 (1) r  (1) r 
r!  r 

8! 8 7  6 5 4
1.21   560
2! 3! 3! 26

9! 9  8 7  6 5 4
1.22  23  32  ( 4)3   8  9  64  23,224,320
3! 2! 3! 12
4 Mathematical Statistics, 8E

1.24 Note: If there are 0 turn-ons the first night, 6 turn-ons in four nights can only occur if there are 2
turn-ons on each of the subsequent three nights. Thus, we need to show only that part of the tree
following this event.
Chapter 1 5

1.25

1.26 (a) (b)

1.27 (a) 5

(b) 4

1.28

1.29

1.30 (a) 6  5  30; (b) 6  6  36;

1.31 (a) 6; (b) 6  5  30; (c) 5  4  20 first one fixed; (d) 6  30  20  56

6 Mathematical Statistics, 8E

1.32 (a) 4  5  2  40; (b) 5  6  3  90

1.33 (a) 5  4  20; (b) 5  4  3  60

1.34 315  14,348,907

15  14
1.35  105
2 1

5040
1.36 (a) 10  9  8  7  5040; (b)  210
24

14  13 14  13  12
1.37 (a)  91; (b)  364
2 1 3 2 1

1.38 6!  720

6! 720
1.39   90
2! 2! 2! 8

1.40 5!  120 and 120  2  4!  72

1.41 7!  5040

5!
1.42 (a) 5!  120; (b)  60
2!

10! 3628800 8! 40320

1.43   50,400 and   3360
3! 3! 2! 72 3! 2! 12

10! 3628800
1.44   1,260
5! 4! 120  24

8! 40320
1.45   280
3! 4! 6  24

 20   20 
1.46 (a)  7   77,520 ; (b) 10   184,755

 20   20   20   20 
(c) 17    18   19    20   1140  190  20  1  1351

7  4
1.47 (a)  2   21 ; (b)  2   6 ; (c) 3  4  12
Chapter 1 7

 3   7   3  7 
1.48  2   2    3  1   3  21  1  7  63  7  70

 4   7   3
1.49  2   3   1   6  35  3  630

13 13 13 13

1.50  5   3   3   2   1287  286  286  78  8,211,173,256

7! 5040
1.51   420
3! 2! 12

1.52 310  59,049

1.53 55  15,625

12  6  1 17  17 

1.54  12   12    5   6,188

12  1 11
1.55  6    6   462

14  3  1 16 
1.56  14   14   120

 r  2n  n  1  r  n  1
1.57  
n 1   n  1 

 r  n  1 10 
 n  1    2   45