Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
6
TOOLBARS .......................................................................................................................................................... 6
The Title Bar ................................................................................................................................................ 6
The Menu Bar .............................................................................................................................................. 6
The Tool Bar ................................................................................................................................................ 6
The Status Bar............................................................................................................................................. 7
The Scroll Bar .............................................................................................................................................. 7
FILE MANAGEMENT ............................................................................................................................................ 8
Opening Files............................................................................................................................................... 8
Saving Files.................................................................................................................................................. 8
Closing Files ................................................................................................................................................ 9
INSTALLING THE SAMPLE FILES ....................................................................................................................... 10
VIEWING WORKSHEETS ............................................................................................................................... 11
CUSTOMISING VIEW OPTIONS ......................................................................................................................... 11
Customising the Excel window display .................................................................................................. 11
Customising the Comments View options............................................................................................. 11
Customising the Objects View options................................................................................................... 12
Customising the Worksheet View options ............................................................................................. 12
DISPLAYING AND CUSTOMISING TOOLBARS .................................................................................................... 13
Choosing a toolbar .............................................................................................................................. 13
Displaying toolbars.................................................................................................................................... 13
Customising toolbar options .................................................................................................................... 13
Adding Commands to a toolbar .............................................................................................................. 14
HIDING WORKBOOKS AND WORKSHEETS ....................................................................................................... 14
Hiding a Workbook.................................................................................................................................... 14
Hiding Worksheets.................................................................................................................................... 15
Displaying hidden Workbooks ................................................................................................................. 15
Displaying hidden Worksheets................................................................................................................ 15
FREEZING PANES ............................................................................................................................................. 15
Freezing a horizontal pane ...................................................................................................................... 15
Freezing a vertical pane........................................................................................................................... 16
Freezing horizontal and vertical panes .................................................................................................. 16
Unfreezing panes ...................................................................................................................................... 16
GROUPING AND UNGROUPING WORKSHEETS................................................................................................. 16
Grouping Worksheets............................................................................................................................... 16
Ungrouping Worksheets........................................................................................................................... 17
REVIEW QUESTIONS ........................................................................................................................................ 17
MORE FORMATTING TECHNIQUES ........................................................................................................... 18
USING STYLES ................................................................................................................................................. 18
Creating a new style ................................................................................................................................. 18
Applying a style ......................................................................................................................................... 19
Changing the formatting of a style.......................................................................................................... 19
Removing a style from cells..................................................................................................................... 20
Deleting a style .......................................................................................................................................... 20
CONDITIONAL FORMATTING ............................................................................................................................. 21
Using conditional formatting .................................................................................................................... 21
Changing conditional formatting ............................................................................................................. 21
Deleting conditional formatting................................................................................................................ 21
Finding cells with conditional formatting ................................................................................................ 22
USING THE FORMAT PAINTER .......................................................................................................................... 23
Copying and applying cell formatting with the Format Painter ........................................................... 23
PAGE 2 - EXCEL 2003 - INTERMEDIATE LEVEL MANUAL
Copying and applying column width or row height with the Format Painter..................................... 23
Copying and applying the Format Painter in multiple locations ......................................................... 23
USING GUIDELINES .......................................................................................................................................... 24
Changing the colour of the Gridlines...................................................................................................... 24
Turning off the onscreen Gridlines ......................................................................................................... 24
Printing Gridlines ....................................................................................................................................... 24
HIDING AND DISPLAYING CELLS ...................................................................................................................... 25
Hiding Columns ......................................................................................................................................... 25
Hiding Rows ............................................................................................................................................... 25
Using the mouse to hide Columns.......................................................................................................... 25
Using the mouse to hide Rows ............................................................................................................... 25
Displaying hidden Columns ..................................................................................................................... 26
Displaying hidden Rows........................................................................................................................... 26
Using the mouse to display hidden Columns........................................................................................ 26
Using the mouse to display hidden Rows.............................................................................................. 26
REVIEW QUESTIONS ........................................................................................................................................ 27
MORE FORMULAS AND FUNCTIONS......................................................................................................... 28
USING THE SERIES COMMAND ........................................................................................................................ 29
Using the Series Command..................................................................................................................... 29
Applying a list series ................................................................................................................................. 29
Applying a numeric series........................................................................................................................ 29
Applying a basic numeric series ............................................................................................................. 30
Creating a custom list series ................................................................................................................... 30
USING THE INSERT FUNCTION WIZARD ........................................................................................................... 31
Displaying the Insert Function wizard .................................................................................................... 31
Choosing a function from the Insert Function wizard........................................................................... 32
Entering Function Arguments in the Insert Function wizard ............................................................... 32
USING THE EXCEL FUNCTION CATEGORIES .................................................................................................... 33
Most Recently Used functions................................................................................................................. 33
Financial functions .................................................................................................................................... 34
Date & Time functions .............................................................................................................................. 35
Math & Trig functions................................................................................................................................ 36
Statistical functions ............................................................................................................................. 38
Lookup & Reference functions ................................................................................................................ 43
Database functions ................................................................................................................................... 44
Text functions............................................................................................................................................. 45
Logical functions........................................................................................................................................ 46
Information functions ................................................................................................................................ 47
CORRECTING FORMULAS ................................................................................................................................. 48
Finding and correcting errors in Formulas............................................................................................. 48
Finding error values .................................................................................................................................. 48
Correcting error values............................................................................................................................. 49
USING THE FORMULA ERROR CHECKER ......................................................................................................... 49
Using the Formula error checker ............................................................................................................ 49
Rechecking ignored errors....................................................................................................................... 50
Customising the Formula error checker................................................................................................. 50
USING THE FORMULA AUDITING TOOLBAR ...................................................................................................... 51
Displaying the Formula Auditing toolbar ................................................................................................ 51
Using the Formula Auditing toolbar ........................................................................................................ 51
Tracing Precedents................................................................................................................................... 52
Removing Precedent Arrows................................................................................................................... 52
Tracing Dependents ................................................................................................................................. 52
Removing Dependent Arrows ................................................................................................................. 53
Adding a new comment............................................................................................................................ 53
Evaluating Formulas one step at a time ................................................................................................ 53
USING THE WATCH WINDOW ........................................................................................................................... 54
Using the Watch Window......................................................................................................................... 54
Adding a Watch to a cell .......................................................................................................................... 54
Adding a Watch to all the cells with Formulas ...................................................................................... 54
Deleting a Chart......................................................................................................................................... 77
FORMATTING THE CHART ................................................................................................................................ 77
Formatting the Chart Area ....................................................................................................................... 77
Formatting the Chart Title ........................................................................................................................ 78
Formatting the Plot Area .......................................................................................................................... 78
Formatting the Axis ................................................................................................................................... 78
Formatting the Axis Title .......................................................................................................................... 79
Formatting the Legend ............................................................................................................................. 79
Formatting the Gridlines........................................................................................................................... 79
Formatting the Data Series...................................................................................................................... 80
REVIEW QUESTIONS ........................................................................................................................................ 80
DRAWING AND PICTURE OBJECTS .......................................................................................................... 82
DRAWING TOOLBAR ......................................................................................................................................... 82
Displaying the Drawing toolbar ............................................................................................................... 82
Using the Drawing toolbar........................................................................................................................ 82
WORKING WITH AUTOSHAPES ......................................................................................................................... 84
Inserting an AutoShape object ................................................................................................................ 84
Drawing common objects......................................................................................................................... 84
Formatting AutoShape objects................................................................................................................ 84
Selecting an object.................................................................................................................................... 85
Changing the look of AutoShape lines................................................................................................... 85
Changing the look of AutoShape arrows ............................................................................................... 86
Adding a shadow....................................................................................................................................... 86
Applying the 3-D option ............................................................................................................................ 87
Moving an object ....................................................................................................................................... 87
Copying objects ......................................................................................................................................... 87
Resizing an object..................................................................................................................................... 87
CREATING TEXT BOXES ................................................................................................................................... 87
Creating a text box.................................................................................................................................... 87
Editing text in a text box ........................................................................................................................... 88
Resizing a text box.................................................................................................................................... 88
Deleting a text box .................................................................................................................................... 88
ADDING PICTURES ........................................................................................................................................... 88
Inserting Clip Art .................................................................................................................................. 88
Inserting a picture...................................................................................................................................... 89
Using the Picture toolbar.......................................................................................................................... 89
Moving a clip art or picture....................................................................................................................... 89
Copying a clip art or picture ..................................................................................................................... 89
Resizing an object..................................................................................................................................... 90
LAYERING OBJECTS ......................................................................................................................................... 90
Changing the layer order of objects ....................................................................................................... 90
GROUPING AND UNGROUPING OBJECTS ......................................................................................................... 91
Grouping objects ....................................................................................................................................... 91
Ungrouping objects ................................................................................................................................... 91
REVIEW QUESTIONS ........................................................................................................................................ 91
EXCEL 2003 AND OTHER APPLICATIONS ............................................................................................... 93
CONVERTING FILES FROM OTHER APPLICATIONS .......................................................................................... 93
Converting spreadsheets from other applications................................................................................ 93
COPYING DATA FROM ANOTHER APPLICATION ............................................................................................... 94
Using the Office Clipboard....................................................................................................................... 94
Using Paste Special.................................................................................................................................. 94
Using Paste Special with content from Excel........................................................................................ 94
Using Paste Special with content from other application .................................................................... 95
Changing data to graphic objects ........................................................................................................... 95
EMBEDDING AND LINKING OBJECTS ................................................................................................................ 96
Embedding data ........................................................................................................................................ 96
Embedding an existing document........................................................................................................... 96
Linking data................................................................................................................................................ 97
Course Basics
Toolbars
File Management
Opening Files
• From the main menu, select File > Open command or click on the Open icon and select
the required file from the dialog box displayed:
• Use the Look in drop-down menu to select the drive or folder which contains the file you
want.
• To open the file you require either double-click on the file name
or select the file name by clicking on it, and then click on the Open button.
Saving Files
• After you have saved the file for the first time, clicking on the Save icon will automatically
save your document with the filename you gave it. It does not give you the option to
rename.
Note: The File > Save As command will rename the document on the screen so that
you can keep the earlier version, as well as saving any changes you have made.
Closing Files
• Click on the Close Window icon displayed at the top-right of the document window. Be
sure to click on the Close Window icon, (as opposed to the Close icon):
Viewing Worksheets
When you have completed this learning module you will have seen how to:
• Customise the Excel window display
• Customise the Comments View options
• Customise the Objects View options
• Customise the Worksheet View options
• Choose a toolbar
• Display toolbars
• Customise toolbar Options
• Add Commands to a toolbar
• Hide a Workbook
• Hide a Worksheet
• Display hidden Workbooks
• Display hidden Worksheets
• Freeze a horizontal pane
• Freeze a vertical pane
• Freeze horizontal and vertical panes
• Unfreeze panes
• Group Worksheets
• Ungroup Worksheets
Choosing a toolbar
• Excel has 20 toolbars for you to choose from. Each toolbar contains a group of icons
that are relevant to specific functions in Excel. You can use the following list to help you
choose the toolbar to display:
Displaying toolbars
• From the main menu, choose View > Toolbars and select the toolbar you want to
display (you will see a check mark beside visible toolbars)
OR right-click on any visible toolbar and choose the toolbar you want to display from the
popup menu (you will see a check mark beside visible toolbars).
Large icons
Select this option to display large icons on all toolbars.
Menu animations
Select how menus appear on screen; choose from None, Random, Unfold, or Slide.
• Your customised toolbar should now display the command you just added.
Hiding a Workbook
• Begin by displaying the Workbook you want to hide.
• From the main menu, choose Window > Hide.
Note: If there are unsaved changes in your hidden Workbook, Excel will prompt you to
save the Workbook when you exit.
Hiding Worksheets
• Begin by selecting the Worksheet(s) you want to hide by clicking on the appropriate
Worksheet tab(s)
• From the main menu, choose Format > Sheet > Hide.
Freezing Panes
Unfreezing panes
• From the main menu, choose Window > Unfreeze Panes.
Note: This menu selection is available only if there are panes to unfreeze.
Grouping Worksheets
• You can group Worksheets together to edit and format the sheets at the same time.
Every change made to the active Worksheet will be reflected in all Worksheets in the
Group. Worksheets can be grouped simply by selecting the Worksheets you want.
Ungrouping Worksheets
• Right-click on one of the grouped Worksheet tabs, and choose Ungroup Sheets from
the popup menu
OR hold down the Shift key and click on the active sheet tab.
Review Questions
How would you:
• Customise the Excel window display?
• Customise the Comments View options?
• Customise the Objects View options?
• Customise the Worksheet View options?
• Choose a toolbar?
• Display toolbars?
• Customise toolbar Options?
• Add Commands to a toolbar?
• Hide a Workbook?
• Hide a Worksheet?
• Display hidden Workbooks?
• Display hidden Worksheets?
• Freeze a horizontal pane?
• Freeze a vertical pane?
• Freeze horizontal and vertical panes?
• Unfreeze panes?
• Group Worksheets?
• Ungroup Worksheets?
Using Styles
• Click OK:
Applying a style
• Begin by selecting the cell(s) you want to affect.
• From the main menu, choose Format > Style to display the Style dialog box.
• Click on the Style name down arrow, and select the style you want.
• Click OK:
• Specify the formatting you want, and click OK to return to the Style dialog box.
• Click OK.
Note: You can also create a new style by typing a name for your style and clicking on
the Modify button to specify the formatting of the new style.
Deleting a style
• From the main menu, choose Format > Style to display the Style dialog box.
• Click on the Style name down arrow, select the style you want to delete, and click on the
Delete button:
• Click OK.
Note: Excel has pre-defined styles associated to the Currency Style, Percent Style,
and Comma Style icons on the Formatting toolbar. Deleting these styles will disable the
icons.
Conditional Formatting
Note: To define another condition, click Add instead of OK. You can have up to three
conditions; when finished, click OK. Excel will evaluate the conditions in the order they
are entered, and will stop evaluating once a condition is met and the associated format is
applied.
• Click OK:
Note: To find cells with any conditional formatting, you can begin by selecting any cell,
and follow the same instructions as above, but select the All instead of the Same radio
button.
Note: If you are copying the formatting of a range, after copying with the Format Painter,
click on the top-left cell to apply the formatting to a range of the same size.
Copying and applying column width or row height with the Format
Painter
• Begin by selecting the column (row) containing the width (height) you want to copy.
• Click on the Format Painter icon on the Formatting toolbar (your mouse cursor will
change to the painter cursor ).
• Click on the column (row) header you want the formatting to be applied
OR select the range of columns (rows) you want the formatting to be applied:
Note: You can also use this method on column widths, row heights, objects, and
conditional formatting.
Using Guidelines
Printing Gridlines
• From the main menu, choose File > Page Setup to display the Page Setup dialog box,
and click on the Sheet tab.
• Select the Gridlines checkbox in the Print area.
• Click OK to exit Page Setup
Hiding Columns
• Begin by selecting the column(s) you want to hide.
• From the main menu, choose Format > Column > Hide.
Note: You can identify hidden column(s) by the missing header letters.
Hiding Rows
• Begin by selecting the row(s) you want to hide.
• From the main menu, choose Format > Row > Hide.
Note: You can identify hidden row(s) by the missing row number.
For example, if you want to hide column B and C, place your mouse pointer over the
right header border of column C, and drag the border past the left header border of
column B:
For example, if you want to hide row 2 to 4, place your mouse pointer over the bottom
header border of row 4, and drag the border past the top header border of row 2:
Note: If column A is hidden, you will need to navigate to cell A1 instead of selecting the
columns on either side of column A.
To navigate to cell A1
• From the main menu, choose Edit > Go To, type A1 in the Reference text box, and click
OK:
Note: If row 1 is hidden, you will need to navigate to cell A1 instead of selecting the rows
on either side of row 1.
To navigate to cell A1
• From the main menu, choose Edit > Go To, type A1 in the Reference text box, and click
OK:
• Move the mouse pointer down slightly until it changes from a single-lined drag cursor to
a double-lined drag cursor .
• Drag the row border to down to display the hidden row:
Review Questions
How would you:
• Create a new style?
• Apply a style?
• Change the formatting of a style?
• Remove a style from cells?
• Delete a style?
• Use conditional formatting?
• Change conditional formatting?
• Delete conditional formatting?
• Find cells with conditional formatting?
• Copy and apply cell formatting with the Format Painter?
• Copy and apply column width or row height with the Format Painter?
• Copy and apply the Format Painter in multiple locations?
• Change the colour of the Gridlines?
• Turn off the onscreen Gridlines?
• Print Gridlines?
• Hide Columns?
• Hide Rows?
• Use the mouse to hide Columns?
• Use the mouse to hide Rows?
• Display hidden Columns?
• Display hidden Rows?
• Use the mouse to display hidden Columns?
• Use the mouse to display hidden Rows?
Note: As you drag the mouse, a screen tip displays the last item in your series. When
you release the mouse button, the selected cells will be filled with the list series:
Note: As you drag the mouse, a screen tip displays the last item in your series. To
increment a series, drag the mouse down or to the right. To decrement a series, drag
the mouse up or to the left.
Note: To increment a series, drag the mouse down or to the right. To decrement a
series, drag the mouse up or to the left.
OR enter a range in the Import list from cells text box, and click Import to import an
existing series.
• Click OK:
OR click on the AutoSum down arrow on the Standard toolbar, and choose More
Functions:
OR type the equal (=) sign into the cell, click on the Functions down arrow, and choose
More Functions:
Note: You can use the following features of the Insert Function wizard to help you find
the function you want.
• Type in a brief description of the function in the Search for a function text box, and click
on the Go button:
• Click on the Select a category down arrow and choose a category to display the
functions in a category or choose All to display all functions:
• Click on a function in the Select a function text area to display a brief description of the
function and its arguments. Click on Help on this function to see the detailed
description of the function and its arguments:
• Check the Formula result area to see the results, and adjust the arguments as needed.
• Click OK to insert the function into the selected cell:
Note: You can click on the Minimize Dialog icon to the right of the argument text
boxes to minimise the Function Arguments dialog box, and select the cell or range you
want to use from the Workbook window. Press the Return key to return to the Function
Arguments dialog box.
OR you can access this category from the Insert Function wizard.
Note: The Insert Function wizard defaults to display the Most Recently Used function.
Financial functions
• Common financial calculations include:
db -
Calculates the fixed-declining depreciation of an asset.
ddb
Calculates the double-declining depreciation of an asset.
fv
Calculates the future value of an investment.
ipmt
Calculates the interest payment of an investment.
irr
Calculates the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows.
ispmt
Calculates the interest paid of an investment.
mirr
Calculates the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows, including cost of
investment and interest on reinvestment.
nper
Calculates the number of periods for an investment.
Npv
Calculates the new present value of an investment.
pmt
Calculates the payment for a loan.
ppmt
Calculates the payment on the principal for an investment.
pv
Calculates the present value of an investment.
rate
Calculates the interest rate per period of a loan or an investment.
sln
Calculates the straight-line depreciation of an asset.
syd
Calculates the sum-of-year digits depreciation of an asset.
vdb
Calculates the depreciation of an asset for any period you specify using the double-
declining balance method or some other method.
DATE
Returns the serial number of a particular date.
DATEVALUE
Converts a date in the form of text to a serial number.
DAY
Converts a serial number to a day of the month.
DAYS360
Calculates the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day year.
HOUR
Converts a serial number to an hour.
MINUTE
Converts a serial number to a minute.
MONTH
Converts a serial number to a month.
NOW
Returns the serial number of the current date and time.
SECOND
Converts a serial number to a second.
TIME
Returns the serial number of a particular time.
TIMEVALUE
Converts a time in the form of text to a serial number.
TODAY
Returns the serial number of the current date.
WEEKDAY
Converts a serial number to a day of the week.
YEAR
Converts a serial number to a year.
ABS
Returns the absolute value of a number.
ACOS
Returns the arccosine of a number in radians.
ACOSH
Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number.
ASIN
Returns the arcsine of a number in radians.
ASINH
Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number.
ATAN
Returns the arctangent of a number in radians.
ATAN2
Returns the arctangent of the specified x- and x- coordinates in radians.
ATANH
Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number.
CEILING
Rounds a number up, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance.
COMBIN
Returns the number of combinations for a given number of items.
COS
Returns the cosine of an angle.
COSH
Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number.
DEGREES
Converts radians to degrees.
EVEN
Rounds a number to the nearest even integer.
EXP
Returns e raised to the power of a given number.
FACT
Returns the factorial of a number.
FLOOR
Rounds a number down, toward zero, to the nearest multiple of significance.
INT
Rounds a number down to the nearest integer.
LN
Returns the natural logarithm of a number.
LOG
Returns the logarithm of a number to the base you specify.
LOG10
Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number.
MDETERM
Returns the matrix determinant of an array.
MINVERSE
Returns the inverse matrix for the matrix stored in an array.
MMULT
Returns the matrix product of two arrays.
MOD
Returns the remainder of a division.
ODD
Rounds a number to the nearest odd integer.
PI
Returns the value of Pi.
POWER
Returns the result of a number raised to a power.
PRODUCT
Multiples all the arguments.
RADIANS
Converts degrees to radians.
RAND
Returns a random number between 0 and 1.
ROMAN
Converts an Arabic numeral to Roman.
ROUND
Rounds a number to a specified number of digits.
ROUNDDOWN
Rounds a number down, toward zero.
ROUNDUP
Rounds a number up.
SIGN
Returns the sign of a number.
SIN
Returns the sine of an angel.
SINH
Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number.
SQRT
Returns the square root of a number.
SUBTOTAL
Returns a subtotal in a list or database.
SUM
Adds all the numbers in a range of cells.
SUMIF
Adds the cells specified by a given condition or criteria.
SUMPRODUCT
Returns the sum of the products of corresponding ranges or arrays.
SUMSQ
Returns the sum of squares of the arguments.
SUMX2MY2
Sums the difference between the squares of two corresponding ranges or arrays.
SUMX2PY2
Returns the sum total of the sums of squares of numbers in two corresponding ranges or
arrays.
SUMXMY2
Sums the squares of the differences in two corresponding ranges or arrays.
TAN
Returns the tangent of an angle.
TANH
Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number.
TRUNC
Truncates a number to an integer.
Statistical functions
• The Statistical function category has a wide range of statistical calculations.
• Excel 2003 has a large number of new statistical functions, as well as changes to
existing functions in order to make them more accurate.
AVEDEV
Returns the average of data point absolute deviations from their mean.
AVERAGE
Calculates the average of the arguments.
AVERAGEA
Calculates the average of its arguments, which includes the evaluation of text and logical
values.
BETADIST
Returns the cumulative beta probability density function.
BETAINV
Returns the inverse of the cumulative beta probability function.
BINOMDIST
Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability.
CHIDIST
Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution.
CHIINV
Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution.
CHITEST
Returns the test for independence.
CONFIDENCE
Returns the confidence interval for a population mean.
CORREL
Returns the correlation coefficient between two sets of data.
COUNT
Counts the number of cells containing data.
COUNTA
Counts the number of cells that are not empty.
COUNTBLANK
Counts the number of empty cells in a range.
COUNTIF
Counts the number of cells that meet the given condition.
COVAR
Returns the covariance of two data sets.
CRITBINOM
Returns the smallest value of which the cumulative binomial distribution is equal to or
greater than a criterion value.
DEVSQ
Returns the sum of squares of deviations of data points from the mean.
EXPONDIST
Returns the exponential distribution.
FDIST
Returns the F probability distribution for two data sets.
FINV
Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution.
FISHER
Returns the Fisher transformation.
FISHERINV
Returns the inverse of the Fisher transformation.
FORECAST
Predicts a future value using existing values.
FREQUENCY
Calculates how often values occur.
FTEST
Returns the result of an F-test.
GAMMADIST
Returns the gamma distribution.
GAMMAINV
Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution.
GAMMALN
Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function.
GEOMEAN
Returns the geometric mean of an array.
GROWTH
Returns numbers in an exponential growth trend matching known data points.
HARMEAN
Returns the harmonic mean of a positive number data set.
HYPGEOMDIST
Returns the hypergeometric distribution.
INTERCEPT
Calculates the point at which a line will intersect the y-axis using best-fit regression.
KURT
Returns the kurtosis of data sets.
LARGE
LINEST
Returns parameters of a linear trend.
LOGEST
Returns statistics that describe exponential curves.
LOGINV
Returns the inverse of the lognormal distribution.
LOGNORMDIST
Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution.
MAX
Returns the largest value in a range.
MAXA
Returns the largest value in a values set.
MEDIAN
Returns the median.
MIN
Returns the smallest value in a range.
MINA
Returns the smallest value in a values set.
MODE
Returns the most frequently occurring value in a range.
NEGBINOMDIST
Returns the negative binomial distribution.
NORMDIST
Returns the normal cumulative distribution for a specified mean and standard deviation.
NORMINV
Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution.
NORMSDIST
Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution.
NORMSINV
Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution.
PEARSON
Returns the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient.
PERCENTILE
Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range.
PERCENTRANK
Returns the rank of data set value as a percentage of the data set.
PERMUT
Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects that can be selected
from the total number of objects.
POISSON
Returns the Poisson distribution.
PROB
Returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits or equal to a lower
limit.
QUARTILE
Returns the quartile of a data set.
RANK
Returns the rank of a number in a numbers list.
RSQ
Returns the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient.
SKEW
Returns the skewness of a distribution.
SLOPE
Returns the slope of a linear regression line.
SMALL
Returns the k-the smallest value, where k is the level.
STANDARDIZE
Returns a normalized value from a distribution.
STDEV
Estimates standard deviation based on a sample.
TDEVA
Estimates standard deviation based on a sample, which includes logical values and text.
STDEVP
Returns standard deviation based upon an entire population, but ignores logical values
and text.
STDEVPA
Returns standard deviation based on an entire population – including logical values and
text.
STEYX
Returns the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in a regression.
TDIST
Returns the Student’s t-distribution.
TINV
Returns the inverse of the Student’s t-distribution.
TREND
Returns numbers in a linear trend using the least squares method.
TRIMMEAN
Returns the mean of the interior portion of a data values set.
TTEST
Returns the probability associated with a Student’s t-Test.
VAR
Estimates variance based on a sample.
VARA
Estimates the variance based upon a sample – including logical values and text.
VARP
Calculates variance based upon an entire population, but ignores logical values and text.
VARPA
Calculates variance based upon an entire population – including logical values and text.
WEIBULL
Returns the Weibull distribution.
ZTEST
Returns the two-tailed P-value of a z-test.
ADDRESS
Creates a cell reference as text.
AREAS
Returns the number of areas in a reference.
CHOOSE
Chooses a value or action to perform from a list of values.
COLUMN
Returns the column number of a reference.
COLUMNS
Returns the number columns in an array or reference.
GETPIVOTDATA
HLOOKUP
Returns the value of the specified row in a particular column heading.
HYPERLINK
Creates a link that opens a document locally or from the Internet.
INDEX
Returns the value of a particular row and column.
INDIRECT
Returns the reference specified by a text string.
LOOKUP
Looks up a value from a one-row or one-column range or from an array
MATCH
Returns the relative position of an array item that matches a specified value and order.
OFFSET
Returns a reference that is off a given number of rows and columns from the starting
reference.
ROW
Returns the row number of a reference.
ROWS
Returns the number of rows in an array or reference.
RTD
Retrieves real-time data from an application with COM automation support.
TRANSPOSE
Converts a vertical range to a horizontal range, or vice versa.
VLOOKUP
Returns the value of the specified column in a particular row heading.
Database functions
• The Database category has database manipulation functions, including the following:
DAVERAGE
Averages the record values that match specific conditions.
DCOUNT
Counts the cells containing numbers in the record values that match specific conditions.
DCOUNTA
Counts non-empty cells in the record values that match specific conditions.
DGET
Extracts a record that matches specific conditions.
DMAX
Returns the largest number in the record values that matches specific conditions.
DMIN
Returns the smallest number in the record values that matches specific conditions.
DPRODUCT
Multiples the record values that matches specific conditions.
DSTDEV
Estimates the standard deviation based on a sample of records.
DSTDEVP
Calculates the standard deviation based on all the records.
DSUM
Adds the numbers in the record values that match specific conditions.
DVAR
Estimates variance based on a sample of records.
DVARP
Estimates variance based on all the records.
Text functions
• The Text category has the text manipulation functions, including the following:
BAHTTEXT
Converts a number to text.
CHAR
Returns the character specified by the code number.
CLEAN
Removes all nonprintable characters form text.
CODE
Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string.
CONCATENATE
Joins several text items into one text item.
DOLLAR
Converts a number to text, using currency format.
EXACT
Checks to see if two text values are identical.
FIND
Finds one text value within another (case-sensitive).
FIXED
LEFT
Returns the left-most characters from a text string.
LEN
Returns the number of characters in a text string.
LOWER
Converts text to lowercase.
MID
Returns a specific number of characters from a text string starting at the position you
specify.
PROPER
Capitalizes the first letter in each word of a text string.
REPLACE
Replaces characters within a text string.
REPT
Repeats text a given number of times.
RIGHT
Returns the right-most characters from a text string.
SEARCH
Finds one text string within another (not case-sensitive).
SUBSTITUTE
Replaces new text for old text in a text string.
T
Converts its arguments to text.
TEXT
Formats a number and converts it to text.
TRIM
Removes spaces from text.
UPPER
Converts text to uppercase.
VALUE
Converts a text string to a number.
Logical functions
• When carrying out calculations, you may need to make decisions based on the results.
The Logical category has a number of functions that allow you to evaluate logical tests
and make decisions based on the result of the evaluation. Logical operators, equal to
(=), greater than (>), less than (<), greater than or equal to (>=), and less than or equal to
(<=), are used to evaluate logical tests.
AND
Returns TRUE if all arguments are TRUE.
FALSE
Returns the logical value FALSE.
IF
Checks condition and returns the specified value for TRUE or FALSE.
NOT
Changes FALSE to TRUE, and vice versa.
OR
Returns TRUE if any one of the arguments are TRUE.
TRUE
Returns the logical value TRUE.
Information functions
• The Information function category has the functions to validate data and to provide
information on values. The following is a list of the Information functions:
CELL
Returns information about the formatting, location, or contents of the upper-left cell in a
reference.
ERROR,TYPE
Returns a number matching an error value.
INFO
Returns information about the current operating environment.
ISBLANK
Returns TRUE if the value is blank.
ISERR
Returns TRUE if the value is an error value (except #N/A).
ISERROR
Returns TRUE if the value is any error value.
ISLOGICAL
Returns TRUE if the value is a logical.
ISNA
Returns TRUE if the value is a #N/A value.
ISNONTEXT
Returns TRUE if the value is not text.
ISNUMBER
Returns TRUE if the value is a number.
ISREF
Returns TRUE if the value is a reference.
ISTEXT
Returns TRUE if the value is text.
N
Converts non-numeric values to a number.
NA
Returns the error value #N/A.
TYPE
Returns information on the data type of a value.
Correcting Formulas
OR click on the warning icon to display the reason at the top of the popup menu:
Show Calculation Steps: calculate your formula one step at a time to identify the
location of the error.
Ignore Error: ignore the error and remove the top-left triangle.
Edit in Formula Bar: place the mouse cursor in the Formula Bar to edit the formula.
Error Checking Options: display the Error Checking Options dialog box.
OR from the Formula Auditing toolbar, click on the Error Checking icon .
• Resolve the error by selecting a corrective action (Update Formula to Include Cells is
the corrective action in the above example), or by ignoring the error.
• Click Next.
• Continue until the error check is complete message appears:
Note: Once a problem is ignored, it will not appear in future error checks.
• Click OK:
OR from the main menu, choose Tools > Formula Auditing > Show Formula Auditing
Toolbar.
Trace Precedents – identify the cells that are used in the formula.
Trace Dependents – identify the cells that use the active cell in their formulas.
Circle Invalid Data – data that do not meet their data validation criteria.
Tracing Precedents
• To help you track errors, Excel provides a graphical view of the cells used in the
calculation of the results in the active cell. Excel uses blue arrows to identify
relationships and red arrows to identify cells that contain errors.
• From the Formula Auditing toolbar, click on the Trace Precedents icon :
Note: You can click on the Trace Precedents icon again to identify the next level of
precedents (the cells used in the calculation of the precedents of the active cell).
Note: You can click on the Remove Precedent Arrows icon again to remove the next
level of precedent arrows.
Tracing Dependents
• Excel also provides a graphical view of the cells that use the active cell in their
calculation. Excel uses blue arrows to identify the relationship.
• From the Formula Auditing toolbar, click on the Trace Dependents icon :
Note: You can click on the Trace Dependents icon again to identify the next level of
dependents (the cells that use the dependents of the active cell in their formulas).
Note: You can click on the Remove Dependent Arrows icon again to remove the next
level of dependent arrows.
Note: You can change how comments are displayed in the View tab of the Options
dialog box.
(If the underlined part of the formula is a reference to another formula, you can click the
Step In button to step through other formula in a new Evaluation box. Click the Step
Out button to go back to the previous formula):
• Continue stepping through the formula until the entire formula has been evaluated.
• Click Close to end the evaluation.
Note: The Evaluate Formula feature evaluates some formulas slightly differently than in
the Worksheet. Please refer to the Microsoft Excel Help for details on the differences.
• Select the Formulas radio button, and click OK to select all cells with formulas:
• From the main menu, choose Tools > Formula Auditing > Show Watch Window to
display the Watch Window.
• Click Add Watch to display the Add Watch dialog, and click Add.
Deleting a Watch
• From the main menu, choose Tools > Formula Auditing > Show Watch Window to
display the Watch Window (if it is not already visible).
• Select the watches you want to delete, and click Delete Watch:
Note: To select multiple watches, hold down the Ctrl key, and click on the watches you
want.
OR from the main menu, choose Tools > Formula Auditing > Hide Watch Window.
Review Questions
How would you:
• Use the Series Command?
• Apply a list series?
• Apply a numeric series?
• Apply a basic numeric series?
Using Databases
Database terminology
• Record: a row within an Excel database.
• Field: a column within an Excel database.
• Field Name: the top row of an Excel database (i.e. “heading”), containing names of the
fields.
Note: To enter the same data as the cell above, press the Ctrl + key combination.
• In the Create List dialog box, verify that the selected cell range is correct, and check the
My list has headers box if you want to use headers. Click OK:
• You will notice that the list is now surrounded by a dark blue border, and that the list is in
Autofilter mode (Autofiltering will be covered later in this chapter).
• The List toolbar, which contains option buttons that are useful when working with lists,
may be displayed automatically. If it is not, from the main menu, choose View >
Toolbars > Lists:
• You will also notice that that the assigned list has a blue asterisk on the bottom row, and
that it contains no data. This is because the row is reserved for any new data that may
be entered into the list.
• You can convert an assigned list back to a cell range by right-clicking on the list, and
selecting List > Convert to Range from the displayed menu.
• Click Yes to confirm that you want to convert the list to a normal range.
• The list sum will automatically be displayed in the total row, at the bottom of the column.
Click on the drop-down menu to select the summary formula you wish to use:
Note: You cannot create your own formulas within an assigned list. You can only choose
from the summary formulas displayed on the drop-down list
Sorting a Database
Note: Excel will place the field name of the selected cell in the Sort by text box.
Using AutoFilters
Filtering data
• Filtering data allows you to view only those records that meet the specified criteria.
There are two ways of filtering your data: AutoFilter and Advanced Filter.
• AutoFilters are simple to use but have built-in limitations. Advanced Filters are more
complex, but are far more powerful tools.
Note: The Excel 2003 AutoFilter drop-down menu now contains two additional items:
Sort Ascending and Sort Descending. As with past versions of Excel, you can also
access these sorting tools by clicking on the appropriate icons on the Standard toolbar.
Note: You can select All from the dropdown controls to remove the search criteria and
redisplay all the records.
Note: You can use the And / Or radio buttons to impose additional criteria on your filters.
Note: If AutoFilters are in use, a check mark appears beside the menu item.
Advanced Filters
• Begin by inserting a few blank rows at the top of the Worksheet (above the field
headings of your database list).
• Create the filter Criteria Labels by copying and pasting the field headings to the top blank
row.
• Under these Criteria Labels enter the criteria you want to match when filtering your list.
(Ensure you have one blank row between the criteria details and the list.)
• Select a cell in your list, and from the main menu, choose Data > Filter > Advanced
Filter.
• Select the Filter the list, in place radio button to filter the list or select the Copy to
another location radio button to display the filtered list in another location.
• Define the List range if it has not already been done automatically.
• Define the Criteria range, including the Criteria Labels.
• If you selected Copy to another location, define the Copy to location.
• Select the Unique records only checkbox to see only unique records.
• Click OK:
Note: For filtered databases, the AutoSum icon will automatically use the SUBTOTAL
rather than SUM function.
Creating Subtotals
• Excel can create automatic subtotals and grand totals in a list of items. With this feature,
you can collapse and expand the detailed items.
• Begin by grouping the rows you want to subtotal together using the Sort command.
• From the main menu, choose Data > Subtotals to display the Subtotal dialog box.
• Select the column that contains your subtotal groups from the At each change in
dropdown list.
• Select the calculation you want to perform from the Use function dropdown list.
• Select the column(s) you want to calculate by checking the checkboxes in the Add
subtotals to list box.
• Select the Replace current subtotals checkbox to replace any existing subtotals.
• Select the Page break between groups checkbox to insert a page break between each
group.
• The subtotal and grand totals appear at the end of the data group by default. If you want
to show them before the data group, deselect the Summary below data checkbox.
• Click OK:
Note: You can collapse a group by clicking on the minus signs (-), and expand a group
by clicking on the plus signs (+):
Remove Subtotals
• From the main menu, choose Data > Subtotals to display the Subtotal dialog box.
• Click Remove All.
• For example, if you have a book list which contains the names of books, along with
individual information about each book, Excel can create a Data Form to display each
book title along with its individual information.
• You can use a Data Form to add, edit, find, or delete records in the list.
• To display the Data Form, begin by selecting a cell in the list.
• From the main menu, choose Data > Form to display the Data Form for the list.
Finding records
• From the Data Form, click on the Criteria button to display a blank criteria form.
• Enter the criteria you want into the appropriate text boxes.
• Click on the Find Prev button to find the previous record that meets your criteria
OR click on the Find Next button to find the next record that meets your criteria:
Editing a record
• From the Data Form, display the record you want to edit.
• Click in the text box containing the data you want to edit, and edit the data as required.
• Click on the Close button to save the changes.
Deleting a record
• From the Data Form, display the record you want to delete.
• Click on the Delete button. A warning message will be displayed:
Note: Deleting a record will delete the entire row, and move the records below up.
Review Questions
How would you:
• Use the Excel database features?
• Use database terminology?
• Create an Excel database?
• Work with an Excel database?
• Work with an Excel database
• Assign a list?
• Create an assigned list?
• Add summary formulas to an assigned list?
• Sort data within a database?
• Add other sorting criteria?
• Filter data?
• Filter data with AutoFilter?
• Specify a conditional filter with AutoFilter?
• Use the Top 10 AutoFilter?
• Remove all AutoFilters?
• Use Advanced Filters?
• Remove all Advanced Filters?
• Manipulate Filtered Data?
• Total fields within a filtered database list?
• Create Subtotals?
• Remove Subtotals?
• Use a Data Form?
• Add a new record?
• Move between records?
• Find records?
• Edit a record?
• Delete a record?
• Close a Data Form?
Charts
When you have completed this learning module you will have seen how to:
• Use the Chart Wizard
• Select the Chart Type
• Specify the Data Source
• Customise the Chart
• Define the Chart Location
• Display the Chart toolbar
• Use the Chart toolbar
• Select a Chart
• Select Chart objects
• Change the Chart Type
• Add data to a Chart
• Move a Chart
• Resize a Chart
• Delete a Chart
• Format the Chart Area
• Format the Chart Title
• Format the Plot Area
• Format the Axis
• Format the Axis Title
• Format the Legend
• Format the Gridlines
• Format the Data Series
Chart Wizard
• On the Standard toolbar, click on the Chart Wizard icon to display Step 1 of the
Chart Wizard.
• Select the Chart Type, and click Next to display Step 2 of the Chart Wizard.
• Select the Data Range, and click Next to display Step 3 of the Chart Wizard.
• Select the Chart Options, and click Next to display Step 4 of the Chart Wizard.
• Select the Chart Location, and click Finish to create the chart.
Note: You can create the chart during any of the steps by clicking Finish.
Titles
• Enter the title in the Chart title text box.
• Enter the X axis name in Category (X) axis text box.
• Enter the Y axis name in Value (Y) axis text box:
Axes
• Select the Category (X) axis checkbox to display the X axis labels.
• Select the Value (Y) axis checkbox to display the Y axis labels:
Gridlines
• Choose the options you want to display the major and/or minor gridlines for the X and Y
axis:
Legend
• Select the Show Legend checkbox to display the legend.
• Choose the legend placement by selecting the Bottom, Corner, Top, Right, or Left
radio button:
Data Labels
• Choose to display and/or format data labels:
Data Table
• Choose to display the chart data in a data table:
OR select the As object in radio button to place the chart as an object in existing
worksheet, and select the Worksheet you want from the dropdown list:
Chart Toolbar
Selecting a Chart
• Place your mouse over a blank area of chart you want to select, and check to make sure
that the screen tip appears as Chart Area.
• Click on the chart. Black square handles will appear around the chart:
chart to select it. From the Standard toolbar, click on the Paste icon to insert the data
into the chart.
Note: The chart data is removed from the chart, but remains in the Worksheet.
Moving a Chart
• Begin by selecting the chart you want to move.
• Drag and drop the chart to the new location.
Resizing a Chart
• Begin by selecting the chart you want to resize.
• Place your mouse pointer over one of the square resize handles and drag the resize
handle to the desired size:
Deleting a Chart
• Begin by selecting the chart you want to delete.
• Press the Delete key.
• Click on the Format Chart Area icon to display the Format Chart Area dialog box.
• Click on one of the following tabs to customise your chart:
• Patterns: Select the options you want to format the Border and Area of the chart.
• Font: Select the options you want to set the chart’s default or base Font. (You can
change the font for each different label as needed.)
• Properties: Choose the properties you want for the positioning, printing, and locking of
the chart.
• Patterns: Select the options you want to format the Border and Area of the chart title.
• Font: Select the options you want to set the Font of the chart title.
• Alignment: Select the options you want to set the Alignment of the chart title.
• Patterns: Select the options you want to format the Lines, Major tick mark type, Minor
tick mark type, and Tick mark labels of the axis.
• Scale: Select the options you want to define the Scale of the axis.
• Font: Select the options you want to set the Font of the axis labels.
• Number: Select the options you want to format the Number of the axis labels.
• Alignment: Select the options you want to set the Alignment of the axis labels.
• Patterns: Select the options you want to format the Border and Area of the axis title.
• Font: Select the options you want to set the Font of the axis title.
• Alignment: Select the options you want to set the Alignment of the axis title.
• Patterns: Select the options you want to format the Border and Area of the legend.
• Font: Select the options you want to set the Font of the legend.
• Placement: Select the options you want to set the Placement of the legend.
• Click on the Format Gridlines icon to display the Format Gridlines dialog box. Click on
one of the following tabs to customise your gridlines:
• Patterns: Select the options you want to format the Border and Area of the gridlines.
• Scale: Select the options you want to define the Scale of the gridlines.
• Patterns: Select the options you want to format the Border and Area of the data series.
• Axis: Choose to plot the series on the Primary or Secondary axis.
• Y Error Bars: Select the options you want to display and format the Error Bars.
• Data Labels: Select the options you want to display and format the Data Labels.
• Series Order: You can control the order in which the data series is displayed. Select the
data series you want to change, and click the Move Up or Move Down button.
• Options: Allows you to control the Overlap between the data series and the Gap width
between categories.
Review Questions
How would you:
• Use the Chart Wizard?
• Select the Chart Type?
• Specify the Data Source?
• Customise the Chart?
• Define the Chart Location?
• Display the Chart toolbar?
• Use the Chart toolbar?
• Select a Chart?
• Select Chart objects?
• Change the Chart Type?
• Add data to a Chart?
• Move a Chart?
• Resize a Chart?
• Delete a Chart?
• Format the Chart Area?
• Format the Chart Title?
• Format the Plot Area?
• Format the Axis?
• Format the Axis Title?
• Format the Legend?
• Format the Gridlines?
• Format the Data Series?
Drawing Toolbar
Select Object
AutoShapes
Line
Arrow
Rectangle
Oval
Text Box
Fill Color
Line Color
Font Color
• In the Worksheet window, click and hold down the left mouse button and drag the
mouse. Release the mouse button when the object is the size you want:
Colors and Lines - Change the fill colour and transparency; line colour, style, and
weight; and arrow size and style.
Note: You can only change options that are associated with an AutoShape.
Selecting an object
• From the Drawing toolbar, click on the Select Object icon , and click on the object
you want
• From the Drawing toolbar, click on the Line Style icon and choose the line style
you want:
• From the Drawing toolbar, click on the Dash Style icon , and choose the dash style
you want:
Adding a shadow
• Begin by selecting the AutoShape object you want to affect.
• From the Drawing toolbar, click on the Shadow Style icon , and choose the shadow
style you want:
• Note: You can customise your shadows by selecting Shadow Settings from the
Shadow Style menu:
• From the Drawing toolbar, click on the 3-D Style icon , and choose the 3-D option
you want:
Note: You can customise the 3-D options by selecting 3-D Settings from the 3-D Style
menu:
Moving an object
• Begin by selecting the object you want to move.
• Drag and drop the object to the new location.
Copying objects
• Begin by selecting the object you want to copy.
• Hold down the Ctrl key, and drag & drop a copy of the object to the desired location.
Resizing an object
• Begin by selecting the object you want to resize.
• Place your mouse pointer over one of the circular resize handles, and drag the resize
handle to the desired size.
Adding Pictures
• Click on the clip art you want from the results, scrolling the text area to insert the clip art
into the Worksheet:
Note: You can add other search options to find the clip art you want, such as selecting
particular media types, by choosing the appropriate option on the Results should be
drop-down menu.
Inserting a picture
• Begin by selecting the top-left cell where you want to insert a clip art.
• From the Drawing toolbar, click on the Insert Picture From File icon to display the
Insert Picture dialog box.
• Select the image file you want to insert, and click Insert.
Note: For more information on using this toolbar, please refer to Microsoft Excel Help.
• Hold down the Ctrl key, and drag and drop a copy of the clip art or picture to the desired
location.
Resizing an object
• Begin by selecting the clip art or picture you want to resize.
• Place your mouse pointer over one of the circular resize handles, and drag the resize
handle to the desired size:
Layering Objects
OR right-click on the object and choose Order from the popup menu.
Bring to Front - Move the object to the front of all other objects.
Send to Back - Move the object to the back of all other objects.
Grouping objects
• You can group multiple objects together such that they are treated as a single object.
For example, grouped objects can be moved at the same time.
Ungrouping objects
• Begin by selecting the grouped object.
• On the Drawing toolbar, click on the Draw icon , and choose Ungroup from the
popup menu
Review Questions
How would you:
• Display the Drawing toolbar?
• Insert an AutoShape object?
• Draw common objects?
• Format AutoShape objects?
• Select an object?
• Change the look of AutoShape lines?
• Change the look of AutoShape arrows?
• Add a shadow?
• Click OK:
• Select the cell where you want to paste the graphic object.
• From the main menu, choose Edit > Paste Special to display the Paste Special dialog
box.
• Select a format from the As list box.
• Click OK:
Embedding data
• When you embed data from one application into another application, a copy of the
information is placed in the second application. Double-clicking on an embedded object
allows you to edit the object without changing the original copy of the data. Conversely,
changes made to the original data do not affect the embedded copy.
• In Excel 2003, you can edit the embedded object without leaving Excel and the required
control/editing tools from the original application used to create the object are made
available.
• Click OK:
Linking data
• Instead of embedding data, you can link to data in another application. Linking to data
can help you manage updates since changes to the original data are reflected in the
linked copy of the data.
• For example, a link can be created between two Worksheets. Each time you change the
data in the source worksheet the data in the dependent worksheet linked to it will also be
updated. This enables you to use the same source data in multiple Worksheets with the
knowledge that it will all be updated simultaneously.
Note: You cannot use the Insert > Object command to insert graphics and certain types
of files. To insert a graphic, use the Insert > Picture > From File command.
Hyperlinks
Using Hyperlinks
• You can use a Hyperlink to create a link to a document that is located on a network
server, an Intranet, or the Internet. Users can access the document by clicking on the
cell with a Hyperlink:
Creating a Hyperlink
• Begin by selecting the cell you want to insert a Hyperlink.
• From the main menu, choose Insert > Hyperlink to display the Insert Hyperlink dialog
box
OR press the Ctrl + K key combination to display the Insert Hyperlink dialog box.
• From the Link to area, select the type of link you want.
• In the Text to display text box, enter a descriptive phrase for the link.
OR in the Address text box, enter the URL of the page you want to link to.
• Click OK:
Managing Links
Updating Links
• From the main menu, choose Edit > Links to display the Edit Links dialog box.
• From the list box, select the link you want to update.
• Click the Update Values button to update the link.
• Click Close to close the Edit Links dialog box:
Editing Links
• From the main menu, choose Edit > Links to display the Edit Links dialog box.
• From the list box, select the link you want to edit.
• Click the Change Source button to display the Change Links dialog box.
• Edit the location and/or document name:
Breaking Links
• From the main menu, choose Edit > Links to display the Edit Links dialog box.
• From the list box, select the link you want to break.
• Click the Break Link button. The following warning message will appear:
Review Questions
How would you:
• Convert spreadsheets from other applications?
• Use the Office Clipboard?
• Use Paste Special?
• Use Paste Special with content from Excel?
• Use Paste Special with content from other applications?
• Change data to graphic objects?
• Embed data?
• Embed an existing document?
• Link data?
• Create a link to an existing file?
• Link data from Microsoft Word?
• Use Hyperlinks?
• Create a Hyperlink?
• Update Links?
• Edit Links?
• Check the status of a Link?
• Break Links?