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Something that people generally aren¶t aware of, is that everything we use in everyday
life are derived from natural resources, for example, milk which comes from cows -
animals are a natural resource. We use water, food and vegetables that come from plants,
salt which are a mineral are some of the other natural resources. Wood that we get from
tree is a natural resource. It can be used to build a house, make paper, burn in fireplaces
and in stoves for cooking, etc.

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Natural resources are simply the resources that human beings use for their protection,
shelter, comfort, etc. Earth is abundant in natural resources, but they should be used
judiciously...
Natural Resources can be classified into Eight Groups
Y forest
èY Wind
ÿY Soil
Y Water
-Y Dinerals
[Y ~ossil ~uels
rY Sunlight

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~orest (also called a wood, woodland, wold, weald, Holt, frith or firth) is an area with a
high density of trees. There are many definitions of a forest, based on the various criteria.
These plant communities cover approximately 9.4% of the Earth's surface (or 30% of
total land area), though they once covered much more (about 50% of total land area), in
many different regions and function as habitats for organisms, hydrologic flow
modulators, and soil conservers, constituting one of the most important aspects of the
Earth's biosphere. Although a forest is classified primarily by trees a forest ecosystem is
defined intrinsically with additional species such as fungi.
The type of forest varies depending on the location of the forest: for example, there are
tropical rain forests, coniferous forests, and deciduous forests.

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Y
~orests can be classified in different ways and to different degrees of specificity. One
such way is in terms of the "biome" in which they exist, combined with leaf longevity of
the dominant species (whether they are evergreen or deciduous). Another distinction is
whether the forests composed predominantly of broadleaf trees, coniferous (needle-
leaved) trees, or mixed.

ÀY ¦

 occupy the subarctic zone and are generally evergreen and
coniferous.
ÀY 
  support both broadleaf deciduous forests (e.g., temperate
deciduous forest) and evergreen coniferous forests (e.g., Temperate coniferous
forests and Temperate rainforests). Warm temperate zones support broadleaf
evergreen forests, including laurel forests.
ÀY 

  


 include tropical and subtropical moist forests,
tropical and subtropical dry forests, and tropical and subtropical coniferous
forests.
ÀY m

 



 based on their overall physical structure or
developmental stage (e.g. old growth vs. second growth).
ÀY

  





  
and the
dominant tree species present, resulting in numerous different forest types (e.g.,
ponderosa pine/Douglas-fir forest).

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Wind is the flow of gases on a large scale. On Earth, wind consists of the bulk movement
of air. In outer space, solar wind is the movement of gases or charged particles from the
sun through space, while planetary wind is the out gassing of light chemical elements
from a planet's atmosphere into space. Winds are commonly classified by their spatial
scale, their speed, and the types of forces that cause them, the regions in which they
occur, and their effect. The strongest observed winds on a planet in our solar system
occur on Neptune and Saturn.
Wind is caused by differences in pressure. When a difference in pressure exists, the air is
accelerated from higher to lower pressure. On a rotating planet the air will be deflected
by the Coriolis Effect, except exactly on the equator. Globally, the two major driving
factors of large scale winds (the atmospheric circulation) are the differential heating
between the equator and the poles (difference in absorption of solar energy leading to
buoyancy forces) and the rotation of the planet. Outside the tropics and aloft from
frictional effects of the surface, the large-scale winds tend to approach geotropic balance.
Near the Earth's surface, friction causes the wind to be slower than it would be otherwise.
Surface friction also causes winds to blow more inward into low pressure areas.

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Y
? 
Soil is a natural body consisting of layers (soil horizons) of mineral constituents of
variable thicknesses, which differ from the parent materials in their morphological,
physical, chemical, and mineralogical characteristics. It is composed of particles of
broken rock that have been altered by chemical and environmental processes that include
weathering and erosion. Soil differs from its parent rock due to interactions between the
lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and the biosphere. It is a mixture of mineral and
organic constituents that are in solid, gaseous and aqueous states.
Soil is used in agriculture, where it serves as the primary nutrient base for plants;
however, as demonstrated by hydroponics, it is not essential to plant growth if the soil-
contained nutrients could be dissolved in a solution. The types of soil used in agriculture
(among other things, such as the purported level of moisture in the soil) vary with respect
to the species of plants that are cultivated.

u

Water is a chemical substance with the chemical formula H2O. Its molecule contains one
oxygen and two hydrogen atoms connected by covalent bonds. Water is a liquid at
ambient conditions, but it often co-exists on Earth with its solid state, ice, and gaseous
state, water vapor or steam.
Water covers 70.9% of the Earth's surface, and is vital for all known forms of life. On
Earth, it is found mostly in oceans and other large water bodies, with 1.6% of water
below ground in aquifers and 0.001% in the air as vapor, clouds (formed of solid and
liquid water particles suspended in air), and precipitation. Oceans hold 97% of surface
water, glaciers and polar ice caps 2.4%, and other land surface water such as rivers, lakes
and ponds 0.6%. A very small amount of the Earth's water is contained within biological
bodies and manufactured products.
Water on Earth moves continually through a cycle of evaporation or transpiration
(evapotranspiration), precipitation, and runoff, usually reaching the sea. Over land,
evaporation and transpiration contribute to the precipitation over land.

ÀY The most important use of water in agriculture is for irrigation, which is a key
component to produce enough food.
ÀY The human body is anywhere from 55% to 78% water depending on body size.
To function properly, the body requires between one and seven liters of water per
day to avoid dehydration; the precise amount depends on the level of activity,
temperature, humidity, and other factors.
ÀY The propensity of water to form solutions and emulsions is useful in various
washing processes. Dany industrial processes rely on reactions using chemicals
dissolved in water, suspension of solids in water slurries or using water to
dissolve and extract substances. Washing is also an important component of
several aspects of personal body hygiene.

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ÀY Water is widely used in chemical reactions as a solvent or reactant and less
commonly as a solute or catalyst. In inorganic reactions, water is a common
solvent, dissolving many ionic compounds. In organic reactions, it is not usually
used as a reaction solvent, because it does not dissolve the reactants well and is
amphoteric (acidic and basic) and nucleophilic. Nevertheless, these properties are
sometimes desirable.

D


A mineral is a naturally occurring solid chemical substance that is formed through
geological processes and that has a characteristic chemical composition, a highly
ordered atomic structure, and specific physical properties. By comparison, a rock is
an aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloids and does not have a specific chemical
composition. Dinerals range in composition from pure elements and simple salts to
very complex silicates with thousands of known forms. The study of minerals is
called mineralogy.
To be classified as a true mineral, a substance must be a solid and have a crystalline
structure. It must also be a naturally occurring, homogeneous substance with a
defined chemical composition. Traditional definitions excluded organically derived
material. However, the International Dineralogical Association in 1995 adopted a
new definition:
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~ossil fuels are fuels formed by natural resources such as anaerobic decomposition of
buried dead organisms. The age of the organisms and their resulting fossil fuels is
typically millions of years, and sometimes exceeds 650 million years. The fossil fuels
include coal, petroleum, and natural gas which contain high percentages of carbon.
It was estimated by the Energy Information Administration that in 2007 primary sources
of energy consisted of petroleum 36.0%, coal 27.4%, and natural gas 23.0%, amounting
to an 86.4% share for fossil fuels in primary energy consumption in the world. Non-fossil
sources in 2006 included hydroelectric 6.3%, nuclear 8.5%, and (geothermal, solar, tide,
wind, wood, waste) amounting 0.9 percent. World energy consumption was growing
about 2.3% per year.
~ossil fuels are non-renewable resources because they take millions of years to form, and
reserves are being depleted much faster than new ones are being made. The production
and use of fossil fuels raise environmental concerns. A global movement toward the
generation of renewable energy is therefore under way to help meet increased energy
needs.

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Y
? 




Sunlight, in the broad sense, is the total frequency spectrum of electromagnetic radiation
given off by the Sun. On Earth, sunlight is filtered through the Earth's atmosphere, and
solar radiation is obvious as daylight when the Sun is above the horizon.
When the direct solar radiation is not blocked by clouds, it is experienced as sunshine, a
combination of bright light and radiant heat. When it is blocked by the clouds or reflects
off of other objects, it is experienced as diffuse light.
Direct sunlight has a luminous efficacy of about 93 lumens per watt of radiant flux,
which includes infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light. Bright sunlight provides
illuminance of approximately 100,000 lux or lumens per square meter at the Earth's
surface.
Sunlight is a key factor in photosynthesis, a process vital for life on Earth.
On Earth, solar radiation is obvious as daylight when the sun is above the horizon. This is
during daytime, and also in summer near the poles at night, but not at all in winter near
the poles. When the direct radiation is not blocked by clouds, it is experienced as
sunshine, combining the perception of bright white light (sunlight in the strict sense) and
warming. The warming on the body, the ground and other objects depends on the
absorption (electromagnetic radiation) of the electromagnetic radiation in the form of
heat.

u 
 



Renewal is the act of bringing up again a motion that has already been disposed of by the
deliberative assembly. Generally, the assembly cannot be asked to decide the same, or
substantially the same, question as one it has already decided in the same session.
Basis for classifying natural resources:
‡Y Renewable
‡Y Nonrenewable



A natural resource is a renewable resource if it is replaced by natural processes at a rate
comparable or faster than its rate of consumption by humans. Solar radiation, tides, winds
and hydroelectricity are in no danger of a lack of long-term availability. Renewable
resources may also mean commodities such as wood, paper, and leather, if harvesting is
performed in a sustainable manner.
Some natural renewable resources such as geothermal power, fresh water, timber, and
biomass must be carefully managed to avoid exceeding the world's capacity to replenish
them. A life cycle assessment provides a systematic means of evaluating renewability.

- Y
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The term has a connotation of sustainability of the natural environment. Gasoline, coal,
natural gas, diesel, and other commodities derived from fossil fuels are non-renewable.
Unlike fossil fuels, a renewable resource can have a sustainable yield.

ÀY Air
ÀY Soil
ÀY Wildlife
ÀY mlants
ÀY Water

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A non-renewable resource is a natural resource which cannot be produced, grown,
generated, or used on a scale which can sustain its consumption rate. These resources
often exist in a fixed amount, or are consumed much faster than nature can create them.
~ossil fuels (such as coal, petroleum and natural gas) and nuclear power (uranium) are
examples. In contrast, resources such as timber (when harvested sustainably) or metals
(which can be recycled) are considered renewable resources.
Natural resources such as coal, petroleum, oil and natural gas take thousands of years to
form naturally and cannot be replaced as fast as they are being consumed. Eventually
natural resources will become too costly to harvest and humanity will need to find other
sources of energy. At present, the main energy sources used by humans are non-
renewable as they are cheap to produce.

ÀY Dinerals (Gold, Silver)

ÀY ~ossil ~uels (Oil and Coal)


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Is whether or not the supply of a resource is replenished as it is used.

ÀY Inexhaustible Resources
ÀY Exhaustible Resources

•
  


 
are resources that are continually being

replenished. Examples:

ÀY Sunlight
ÀY Air & Wind
ÀY Water

[ Y
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 are resources that are available in limited quantity
that can be used up. Examples:

ÀY Dinerals
ÀY ~ossil ~uels
ÀY Soil (replaced so slowly)

M 


Conservation biology is the scientific study of the nature and status of Earth's biodiversity
with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of
extinction. It is an interdisciplinary subject drawing on sciences, economics, and the
practice of natural resource management.

The rapid decline of established biological systems around the world means that
conservation biology is often referred to as a "Discipline with a deadline".[9]
Conservation biology is tied closely to ecology in researching the dispersal, migration,
demographics, effective population size, inbreeding depression, and minimum population
viability of rare or endangered species. Conservation biology is concerned with
phenomena that affect the maintenance, loss, and restoration of biodiversity and the
science of sustaining evolutionary processes that engender genetic, population, species,
and ecosystem diversity.

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mreservation is to protect something that might include endangered animals, to keep them
safe or to preserve food, remaining fresh for longer periods of time.every common man
ensure that he preserves the nature and its beauty and do not spoil and destroy it. Always
try to Keep our environment clean and neat.

ÀY Do not use plastic bags

ÀY Do not spit on the ground which is not only unhealthy but also disrespect to
mother earth
ÀY oin nature clubs and forms one in your school .college and in towns
ÀY Use summer holidays to prepare a projects on themes related to sustainable
development
ÀY mlant a tree in your locality or home during monsoon
ÀY Do not waste paper. Use the blank side printed materials for doing a rough work.

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