ENGLISH PAPERS

“POLUTION”

BY:

NOPA OSPITA SARI

1813201009

LECTURER:

MIS.MELADINA, M.PD

PROGRAM STUDY :

S1.PUBLIC HEALTH

SCHOOL TINGGI ILMU KESEHATAN

FORT DE KOCK BUKITTINGGI

YEAR 2018/2019
 PREFACE

Thank you for the gift of Allah SWT, who has forgiven His grace, guidance and
blessings so that I can complete a paper on polution disease as a complementary assignment
in semester 2 Papers cannot be prepared from the help and encouragement of all parties.
Therefore, we would like to thank Ms. Mella Dina M.Pd, as a lecturer in English and
learning. I hope all suggestions and criticisms build on the perfection of this paper. Hopefully
this paper can be useful for all parties in general.

Bukittinggi, 14 Juni 2019

Nopa ospita sari

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD ................................................................................. I

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................... II

BAB I PRELIMINARY

1.1 Background .................................................................... 1

1.2 Formulation of the problem ........................................... 1
1.3 Objective ...................................................................... 1

BAB II DISCUSSION

2.1 Understanding of air pollution................................................. 2

2.2 Types of air pollution and their causes..................................... 2

2.3 Impacts and measures for handling air pollution...................... 3

BAB III CLOSING

3.1 Conclusion ...................................................................... 4

3.2 Suggestion ....................................................................... 4

 BAB I

PRELIMINARY

1.1 Bacground

Air is a very important part of the life of all living things throughout the face of the
earth. Clean air is highly coveted by all living things, especially humans. However, the
development that occurred resulted in a variety of pollution, including:

1. Air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution and so on.

2. Problems that often occur in developing countries are how to overcome the negative
impacts of development. Among these negative impacts are air pollution and the
resulting impact on public health and the environment.
3. In this paper I will explain specifically about air pollution, the types, causes,
consequences and methods of handling.

2.1 PROBLEM FORMULATION

In writing this paper we will explain the problem regarding:
a. What are the types of air pollution and the causes?
b. What impact does it have and how do you deal with air pollution?

C. PURPOSE
The purpose of writing this paper is to know the types of air pollution along with its
causes, impacts and measures to deal with air pollution to make people's lives and
environment more healthy.
 BAB II

DISCUSSION

2.1 Air
In their lives, humans do breathing every day to be able to live their lives. In
breathing, humans carry out two cycles at once, namely: blowing / blowing air by removing
CO2 and entering / breathing air (O2). This cycle occurs continuously as long as humans live.
Free nature, known to be an O2 producer, is a green plant that carries out photosynthesis.
Clean air is beneficial for human life, but on the other hand the air affected by air pollution is
very bad as a result of the health and life of living things, especially human life. Air pollution
often occurs as a negative effect of development in developing countries, developed
countries, natural activities, etc.
With knowledge of clean, healthy air, it will improve the level of public health.

2.2. Air Pollution

As mentioned above, air pollution occurs as a negative effect of development in
developing countries, developed countries, natural activities, etc.
Broadly speaking, air pollution is divided into particulates and gas pollution.

1. Particulate
Particulate (particle) is air pollution which can be with other materials / forms of
pollution, various particulates:
a. Aerosol: the spread of fine particles of solid or liquid substances in gas or air.
b. Fog (fog): aerosols in the form of water droplets that are in the air.
c. Smoke: a mixture of solid grains and liquid blown through the air.
d. Dust: aerosols in the form of granules floating in the air due to wind gusts.
e. Fume: aerosols derived from condensation of metal vapors.
f. Plume: smoke coming out of an industrial chimney.
g. Smoge: a mixture of smoke and fog.
2. Gas
a. Sulfur Dioxide (SO2): produced by coal, sulfur-containing oil fuels, combustion of land
wastes, and processes in industry. Impact: irritating effects on the napasse channel causing
symptoms of coughing and shortness of breath.

b. Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S): produced from a mountain crater that is still active and can cause
unpleasant odors, can damage the nervous olfactory

c. Nitrogen Oxide (N2O), Nitrogen Monoxide (NO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2): These gases
come from various types of combustion, exhaust gases of motor vehicles, explosives,
fertilizer plants. Effects: disrupts the respiratory system and weakens the respiratory system
of the lungs and airways so that the lungs are susceptible to infection.

d. Ammonia (NH3): comes from industrial processes. Ammonia causes a bad odor. And can
cause respiratory system disorders, bronchitis, damage to the sense of smell.
e. Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Hydrocarbons: all the results of
combustion produce this gas, as well as industrial processes. This gas has a systematic effect,
because it poisones the body by binding to hemoglobin which is vital for the oxygenation of
body tissue as a result if the brain lacks oxygen it can cause death. In small amounts can
cause thinking disorders, muscle movements, heart problems.

3. Health Problems

Health problems caused by air pollution are grouped into 4, namely:

a. Corrosive: pollutants are stimulating the respiratory inflammation process at the top.
b. Asphyxia: this occurs following a decrease in the body's ability to bind oxygen or reduce
oxygen levels in the body.
c. Anesthesia: is the effect of air pollution that is suppressing the central nervous system,
resulting in loss of consciousness.
d. Toxicity: the impact is the occurrence of disturbances in the system of making blood and
causing poisoning in the nervous system.

4. Emission Control

If emissions are released from an activity not in accordance with emission quality
standards, it is necessary to control those emissions.
Various emission control tools include:
a. Air Filters: useful for filtering particles that come out on the bark so that they do not come
apart from the environment.
b. Silicon precipitators: settling particles that participate in emissions by utilizing the
centrifugal force of particles that are intentionally exhaled through the edge of the silicon
tube wall.
c. Gravity Deposition System: in the form of a long space slowly flowing dirty air so that the
particles will settle due to their gravity.
d. Electrostatic deposits: used for separating particles below 5µm. This tool is suitable for
cleaning dirty air in large volumes, this tool is a cylindrical tube in the middle of which is
given a wire which is electrified, dirty air will be a negative ion and attracted to the tube,
clean air will pass.
e. Wet Filter: to separate non-particle pollution, the separating medium used is an absorbent
solution.
f. Special control / filtering SO2, NOHX and VOCS gases.

5. Acid Rain
The atmosphere can transport various polluting paints hundreds of kilometers away,
before dropping it to the surface of the earth. On the way away, the atmosphere acts as a
complex chemical reactor that changes pollutant paint after interacting with other substances,
water vapor and solar energy. In conditions where SO2 reacts to water vapor to form H2SO4
(sulfuric acid) and NO2 reacts with water water vapor forms HNO3 (nitric acid) which
subsequently drops to the surface of the earth along with rain water known as acid rain, rain
water with Ph 5.6 can cause damage to various types of metals.

The effects of acid rain include:

a. Damaging the building and rusting of metals.
b. Affecting the quality of surface water, can interfere with aquatic aquatic life.
c. Damaging plants, especially forests, so that the forest area decreases.
d. Dissolve heavy metals contained in the soil, thus affecting the quality of groundwater.
e. Cause various skin diseases for some people who use rain water as the only bath water.
 BAB III

CLOSING

3.1 Conclution

From the preparation of this paper we conclude that air is a very important component
for the life of living things, especially humans. However, along with the pace of globalization
it is increasingly difficult to get healthy air from the wild, especially in big cities.

3.2 Suggestions

As a step to reduce air pollution, we must reduce the use of motorized vehicles for
things that are not too important, planting trees for reforestation, using environmentally
friendly technologies and certainly we must protect the environment for our healthy survival
and future generations.