Literary Research Methods

Proposal

The Psychological Ambiance behind The Mysterious Man Jay

Gatsby In Novel: The Great Gatsby by F.Scott Fitzgerald

FANFAN INFANSYAH

1510731004

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT- FACULTY OF HUMANITIES

ANDALAS UNIVERSITY

PADANG

2018
1.1.The Background of the Research

Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald ( known as F.Scott Fitzgerald ) was a short

story writer and novelist. He known as one of the pre-eminent authors in the
history of American literature due almost entirely to the enormous posthumous
success of his third book, The Great Gatsby. He was born September 24, 1896 in
St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S. F.Scott Fitzgerald married Zelda Sayre on April 3, 1920
in New York City. He dropped out from his school to join U.S Army. F.Scott
Fitzgerald concerned his works into saveral variation of human life after the
World War 1. All of his career was started as a short stories writer.

One of the most famous Fitzgerald works tell the social condition of the
Jazz Age in 20th Century is The Great Gatsby. The Great Gatsby, novel by F.
Scott Fitzgerald, published in 1925. The novel is famous for capturing the mood
of the 1920s, especially the moral vacuity of a postwar society America obsessed
with wealth and status. Although the novel is considered an American classic
today, and many adaptations of the story have been made for stage, film, radio,
and television. An operatic version of the story premiered in 1999.

This novel tells about Jay Gatsby try to get his love Daisy Buchanan.
Despite, Jay Gatsby knew that Daisy married with Tom Buchanan, But Jay
Gatsby never forgotten her. But, Daisy married with Tom Buchanan while Jay
Gatsby still in military. The narrator Nick Carraway is a young Yale graduate who
works as a bond broker in Manhattan. He rents a house at West Egg on Long
Island across the water from his cousin, Daisy. His neighbour there is
the enigmatic Jay Gatsby, a self-made millionaire from the Midwest who lives the
high life from the profits of his minor criminal activities. Gatsby’s infamous
parties are attended by many guests who do not know their host. Carraway learns
that Gatsby and Daisy had been in love, but that Daisy had not waited for him to
return from the war and had married another. Nick arranges a meeting between
the two, and Daisy finds herself impressed by the change in Gatsby’s fortunes.
Daisy’s husband Tom, himself already involved in an affair with the garage
owner’s wife Myrtle, becomes jealous of Gatsby’s attentions to his wife. Then
Myrtle is killed in an accident, and Tom tells Myrtle’s husband that Gatsby is
responsible. Through it all, Nick watches as Gatsby is betrayed by his own
dreams, which have been nurtured by a meretricious society.

I am attracted to use Novel The Great Gatsby as my object of research.

The aims is to observe Jay Gatsby Character. The writer want to analyze Jay
Gatsby psychological after his love Daisy Buchanan getting maried with Tom
Buchanan and after her marrige

1.2. The Identification of The Problem

Daisy buchanan is the impact of changing the psychological of the Jay

Gatsby. Before Daisy married with tom, Jay Gatsby still in military. It make him
broke when he knows that Daisy Buchanan has married with other guy. He makes
unfamous party with the guests who dont know whom the host did not become his
problem. All of this party just for daisy. He imagine that once time daisy will
come to his party. His meeting with Daisy buchanan make himself happy and
protect daisy buchanan for the whole of his life.

The main problem of this research is to observe the psychological ambiance of

Jay Gatsby after Daisy Buchanan get married and after.

1.3. The Scope of The Research

The writer limit the research. The writer only to analyze the psychological
of Jay Gatsby after Daisy Buchanan getting married with other guy. The writer
also want to find out The psychological ambiance of Jay Gatsby after He meets
Daisy buchanan.

1.4. The Research Questions

a. How does Jay Gatsby psychological ambiance after Daisy Buchanan married
with other guy
b. How does Jay Gatsby psychological after he meets Daisy Buchnan for the first
time after she get married

1.5. The Objective of The Research

Psychological problem of Jay Gatsby is one of my interests to analyze it

by using Psychological approach. The character of Jay Gatsby became main
character of this novel. The psychological situation of jay gatsby is changing
when daisy married with another person. It makes his broken and he wants to do
anything to make daisy back to his life. Even, that’s effort became tragedy at the
end of this story. When he meets daisy for the first time after she get married, Jay
Gatsby give his whole life to protect Daisy Buchanan. He became soft and
humble. His effort is only to make Daisy Buchanan fell in love with him again.
The purposes of this research to find the ambiance of Jay Gatsby Psychological.

1.6. The Review of Previous Studies

The writer find out the previous studies regarding of The Great Gatsby
Novel. There is an article about Jay Gatsby’s Trauma and Psychological Loss by
Thi Huong Giang Bui. Giang Bui (2012) uses Freudian theory to analyze the
research. This research tells about Jay Gatsby psychological loss. It causes by his
past with Daisy Buchanan is broken. He try to recapture his their happy moments
by recycling and mixing past events with present ones, and to jump back into a
created past . Because of his wealth,status and success, His dream become
nightmare.

The previous study with the same approach found in Thesis Psychological
Analysis of Jay Gatsby’s Life In Francis F.Fitzgerald’s “ The Great Gatsby”
( Viewed from Abraham Maslow Hierarchy of Needs Theory ) by Ahmad Noufal
Junaidi from Maulana Malik Ibrahim State University of Malang. This research
tend to use Abraham Maslow theory needs. It described the psychological Jay
Gatsby by Five needs human being that psychological influence human life.
Those are Psychological need, Safety need, Love and Belonging need, esteem
need and self-actualization need. From those needs, The researchers did not use
self-actualization need because He was died before he gots his love.

The writer also found the journal of this Novel. F.Scott Fitzgerald : The Jazz Age
and The Great Gatsby by Rupali Mirza. This Journal explain about the situation
after World War 1 where The Jazz age was born. This Post World War age was
the time which witnessed the upsurge of the youth. They did not want to tink
about his past nor they thought about the future. This era full of materialism and
witness. Woman of the jazz age was busy chasing her material dreams without
realizing she had lost all her chastity in this quest. The woman of the jazz age like
Daisy Buchanan and Myrtle. They categorized as greed,materialism and
selfishness. The way of how daisy married tom buchanan than Jay Gatsby. All of
it because of to wealth.

Another journal about Buying into Money Equals Happiness Fails for the
Characters in Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby by Liamarie Snyder. This journal
tells about the materialism through the Character of this novel like Jay Gatsby and
Daisy Buchanan. The way of Jay Gatsby uses money to get daisy back to his life
is a reality . The way Daisy Buchanan married with tom buchanan also the
materialism that Tom had. This is one of the shift american dream at that time.

1.7. The Theoritical Framework

I use Psychological approach proposed by Sigmund Freud to this research.

Classical psychoanalytic theory that are particularly useful to literary criticism and
to show how this view of human behavior is relevant to our experience of
literature ( Tyson 2006). In analyzing works, There are saveral variation of human
behavior reflects of the works. Because, the situation of works happened
regarding with author experiences at that era.
 For more pursed the writer using psychoanalytic theory by Sigmund
Freud. This theory adopts the methods of “reading” and leter theorists to interpret
text. It argues that literary tehxt, like dreams, express the secret unconscious
desires and unxieties of the author , that a literary work is a manifestation of the
author’s own neuroses. People may psychoaanalyze a particular character within a
literary work, but it is usualy assumed that all such characters are projection of the
author’s psyche.

This theory used by the writer because since the writer purpose to analyze
how the environment and social economic in that era that shows on the novel
influence the psychology of the character as the background caused the character
become too ambitious as seen on the novel, it means the writer would relating the
social environment to the psychology of the character which then create the
destruction to the character’s life.

1.8. The Methods of The Research

In conducting this research, the writer applies library research method in

collecting the data. The data come from two sources as primary and secondary
data. I will follow three steps. Those three steps is collecting data, analyzing the
data and presenting the data.

1.8.1. Collecting Data

The way of the writer analyze data by using primary and secondary data.
Primary data are taken from The Great Gatsby Novel. The secondary data are
taken from the journal and articles.

1.8.2. Analyzing Data

In analyzing intrinsic data, The writer will analyzing the character jay
gatsby with the data at novel. The writer also comparing with the journal and
article.
1.8.3. Presenting The Result Analysis
In presenting data, The writer use Qualitative Data. According to
Hancock, Baverly (1998) in an online book titled An Introduction to Qualitative
Research, “ Qualitative research is concerned with developing explainations of
social phenomena. It aims to help us to understand the world in which we live and
why things are the way they are”. It proves with the analysis the data by statement
in word form.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Bui, Thi Huong Giang. “Jay Gatsby’s Trauma and Psychological Loss.” English
Language and Literature Studies; Vol. 3, No. 1 (2013): 1-5.

Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. United States, 1925.

Hancock, Beverly. An Introduction to Qualitative Research. University of

Nottingam: Trent Focus Group, 1998.

Junaidi, Ahmad Noufal. “Psychological Analysis of Jay Gatsbys's Life In Francis

Scott Fitzgerald " The Great Gatsby" ( Viewed From Abraham Maslow Hierarchy
of Needs Theory).” Maulana Malik Ibrahim State University of Malang (2014).

Lucic, Ivana Nakic. “The American Dream in Te Great Gatsby by F.Scott

Fitzgerald.” Internationa Journal of Languages and Literatures (2014): 1-7.

Mirza, Rupali. “F.Scott Fitzgerald :The Jazz Age and The Great Gatsby.” Asian
Journal of Multidisclipinary Studies (5 May 2014): Volume 2,Issue 5.

Snyder, Liamarie. “Buying into Money Equals Happiness Fails for the Characters
in.” St. John Fisher College (2012): ENGL 420.

Tyson, Lois. Critical Literary Today 2nd Edition. London: Roudledge, 2006.