401.

No premises wiring, with a grounded conductor, shall be electrically connected to a supply

system contains A GROUNDED CONDUCTOR.

402. A run of flexible metal conduit may be used as an equipment grounding conductor if the
conductors are protected at 20A or LESS.

403. Where a change occurs in the size of the ungrounded conductors A SIMILAR CHANGE MAY BE
MADE IN THE SIZE OF THE GROUNDED CONDUCTOR.

404. According to the code, the grounding conductor shall be identified by ANY OF THE FOLLOWING:
ONE CONTINUOUS GREEN COLOR, BEING BARE and A CONTINUOUS GREEN COLOR WITH YELLOW
STRIPES.

405. The TROLLEY FRAME and the bridge frame shall not be considered as electrically grounded
through the bridge and trolley wheels and its respective tracks unless local conditions, such as
paints or other insulating material, prevent reliable meta-to-metal contact.

406. A/ an EQUIPMENT BONDING JUMPER shall be used to connect the grounding terminal of a
grounding type receptacle to a grounded box.

407. Identification of equipment grounding conductor shall be accomplished by one of the following:
STRIPPING THE INSULATION, COLORING THE EXPOSED INSULATION AND MARKING THE
EXPOSED INSULATION.

408. The grounding electrode conductor shall be SOLID or STRANDED and INSULATED, COVERED OR
BARE and shall be installed n one continuous length without a splice or joint.

409. BONDING shall be provided where necessary to ensure electrical continuity.

410. The identification of terminals to which a grounded conductor is to be connected shall be

substantially WHITE in color.
411. Equipment grounding conductors, when installed, SHALL be included when calculating conduit
fill.

412. The paralleling efficiency of rods longer than 2400 mm is improved by spacing greater than 1800
mm.

Article 2.50.3.7

413. A single grounding electrode is permitted when the resistance to ground does not exceed 25
ohms.

414. METAL UNDERGROUND WATER PIPE electrodes must be supplemented by an additional

electrode.

415. The connection of a grounding electrode conductor to a driven ground rod shall NOT REQUIRED
TO BE ACCESSIBLE.

416. Where an AC system operating at less than 300 volts is grounded at any point, the grounded
conductor shall be run to each service.

417. According to the Code, metal enclosures fro grounding electrode conductors shall be
ELECTRICALLY CONTINUOUS.

418. The average distance between down conductors shall not exceed 30m.

419. AIR TERMINAL is a device capable of drawing lightning discharge to it in preference to

vulnerable parts of the protected area.

420. On circuit less than 1000volts, the rating of the surge arrester shall BE EQUAL TO OR GREATER
 THAN the maximum continuous phase-to-ground power frequency voltage available at the point of
application.

Article 2.80.1.4.A1

421. On circuits of 1 kV and over, the rating of the surge arrester shall NOT BE LESS THAN 125% OF
the maximum continuous phase ground voltage available at the point of application.

Article 2.80.1.4.B

422. When a surge arrester is installed at services of less than 1000 volts line and ground connecting
conductors shall not be smaller than 2 mm2 copper or 3.5 mm2 aluminum.

Article 2.80.3.1

423. The height of air terminal shall be such as to bring the tip not less than 254 mm above the object
to be protected for 6000 mm maximum intervals and not less than 600 mm above the object to be
protected for 7600 mm maximum interval.

Article 2.90.3.10.a

424. When surge arrester is installed at services of 1 kv and over, the conductor between surge, the
arrester and the line, the surge arrester and the grounding connection shall not be smaller than 14
mm2 copper or aluminum.

425. The nearest ground terminal shall not be less than 600 mm into the foundation wall.

426. SIDEFLASH is a spark occurring between nearby metallic object or from such objects to the
lightning protection system or to ground.

427. Buildings which exceed 15 m above grade are considered to protect lower roof portions of
building in a one-to-one zone of protection.
428. Air terminals exceeding 600 mm in height shall be supported at a point not less than 0.5 of its
height.

Article 2.90.3.9.B

429. Where copper is used as protection system material it shall be of grade ordinarily required for
commercial electrical work, generally designated as being of 98% conductivity when annealed.

430. The perimeter of open areas which are located in large flat roofed structures shall be protected if
their perimeter exceeds 92 m provided either rectangular dimension exceeds 15 m.

431. Conductors shall interconnect the air terminals on flat or gently sloping roofs that exceed 15 m in
width.

432. A FUSE is a protective device for limiting surge voltages by discharging or by passing surge
current, and it also prevents continued flow of follow current while remaining capable of repeating
these functions.

433. Conductor drops from a higher to lower roof level are permitted without extra down lead provided
the lower roof conductor run does not exceed 12 m.

Article 2.90.2.18.A

434. Roofs with a series of parallel ridges shall have air terminals along the end ridges at intervals not
exceeding 7600 mm.

435. Ground rod clamps shall make contact with the ground rod for a distance of 38 mm measured
parallel to the axis of the ground.

436. When the soil is sandy two or more ground terminals of not less than 3000 mm spacing shall be
driven vertically to a minimum depth of 3000 mm below grade.
437. All metal bodies of conductance having an area of 0.26 mm2 or greater or a volume of 0.016 m3
or greater shall be bonded to the lightning protection system.

438. An air terminal shall be placed within 600 mm at the end of each intermediate ridge.

439. The edge of the roof shall be considered continuous and air terminals should be located within
600 mm of the outermost projections of the roof edge.

440. No bend of a conductor shall form an included angle of 90 degrees nor shall have a radius of
bend less than 230 mm.

441. When installing a surge arrester at the service of less than 1000 volts, the grounding conductor
shall be connected to: THE GROUNDED SERVICE CONDUCTOR, THE GROUNDING ELECTRODE
CONDUCTOR, THE GROUNDING ELECTRODE FOR THE SERVICE, and THE EQUIPMENT GROUNDING
TERMINAL IN THE SERVICE EQUIPMENT. (2.180.3.1)

Article 2.80.3.1

442. Ground terminal (rods) shall not be less than 12.7 mm in diameter and 2400 mm long.

443. When the soil is deep moist clay the lightning conductor or ground terminal shall extend
vertically not less than 3000 mm into earth.

444. If the soil is less than 300 mm deep, the structure shall be surrounded with a main conductor (a
counterpoise) lain in a train or in rock crevices.

445. Metal bodies of conductance shall be bonded to the system using main size conductors and a
bonding plate having a surface contact area of not less than 19 cm2.

446. The height of air terminals above Heavy-duty stacks protection shall not be less than 460 mm or
more than 760 mm.
447. Air terminals use for Heavy-Duty Stacks protection shall be at least 15 mm in diameter, exclusive
of the corrosion protection.

448. Top-mounted air terminals for Heavy-Duty stack protection shall not extend more than 460 mm
above the top of the stack.

449. Conductors used by air terminals for Heavy-Duty stack protection shall be not less than 1.5 mm.

450. Splices in conductors used by air terminals for heavy-duty stack protection shall be as
practicable and shall be attached so as to withstand a pull test of 890 N.

451. For structure containing flammable gases and liquids, masts separate from the structure shall
be a minimum of 1800 mm form the protected structure.

452. A surge arrester is a protective device for limiting surge voltages by DISCHARGING or by passing
surge current.

453. Where the rating exceeds 800 amperes, a lower standard rated and PS or UL – listed fuse or a
circuit breaker without overload trip adjustment above its rating may be permitted.

454. 55 is not a standard ampere rating for fuses and inverse time circuit breaker.

455. In general, conductors other than flexible cords and fixture wires shall be protected against
overcurrent in accordance with their AMPACITIES as specified in Articletion 2.40.1.4 (a).

456. Flexible cord used in PS or UL – listed extension cord sets having 1.25 mm2 or larger conductors
shall be considered as protected by a 20-ampere branch circuit protection.
(or 1.25 diameter 2.40.1.4)
457. Plug fuses and fuseholders shall not be used in circuits exceeding 250 volts between
conductors.

Article 2.40.5.1

458. An overcurrent device shall be connected at the point where the conductor to be protected
receives its supply except if the length of the tap conductors does not exceed 3 meters.

Article 2.40.2.2

459. Plug fuses of 15 ampere and lower rating shall be identified by a hexagonal configuration.

460. Type S fuses shall be classified as 0 to 15, 16 to 20 and 21 to 30.

Except 31-40

461. Cartridge fuses and fuseholders shall not be use in circuits of over 300 volts between conductors…

Article 2.40.6.1.A1

462. Ground-fault protection of equipment shall be provided in accordance with the provisions of Sec.
Section 2.40.1.13 for solidly grounded wye electrical systems of more than 150 volts to ground but
not exceeding 600 volts phase-to-phase for each building or structure main disconnecting means
rated 1000 amperes or more.

463. Where circuit breakers are used as switches in fluorescent lightning circuits, circuit breakers
shall be PS- or- US- listed shall be marked “SWD”.

Article 2.40.7.4.D

464. Circuit breaker rated at 100 amperes or less and 600 volts or less shall have the ampere rating
molded, stamped, etched, or similarly marked into their handles.

Article 2.40.7.4B
465. Supplementary overcurrent protection MAY BE USED TO PROTECT INTERNAL CIRCUITS OF
EQUIPMENT.

466. Circuit breakers shall OPEN all ungrounded conductors of the circuit.

467. The standard size fuses or inverse time circuit breakers are 45, 70 and 80.

468. Overcurrent protection devices shall be READILY ACCESSIBLE.

469. Enclosures for overcurrent protection devices must be mounted in a VERTICAL position.

470. Type S fuses have ADAPTERS THAT ARE DESIGNED TO BE EASILY REMOVED.

471. Plug fuses with Edison bases have a maximum rating of 30 amperes.

472. Dimensions of Type S fuses, fuseholders, and adapters shall be standardized to permit
interchange ability regardless of the MANUFACTURER.

473. Fuses are required to be marked with AMPERE AND VOLTAGE RATING, INTERRUPTING RATING
WHERE OTHER THAN 10,000 AMPERES AND THE NAME OR TRADEMARK OF THE
MANUFACTURER.

474. A CIRCUIT BREAKER shall be of such design that any alteration of its trip point (calibration) or
the time require dismantling of the device or breaking of a seal for other than intended adjustments.

475. Circuit breakers rated at 100 amperes or less and 600 volts or less shall have the ampere rating
molded, stamped, etched, or similarly marked into their handles or escutcheon areas.
476. A circuit breaker with a STRAIGHT voltage rating, e.g. 240 volts or 480 volt, can be used where
the nominal voltage between any two conductors does not exceed the circuit breaker’s voltage
rating.

Article 2.40.6.7

477. Overcurrent protection for conductors and equipment is provided to OPEN the circuit if the
current reaches a value that will cause an excessive or dangerous temperature in conductors or
conductor insulation.

478. Breakers or fuses can be used in parallel when FACTORY ASEMBLED IN PARALLEL AND LISTED
AS A UNIT.

479. Where an orderly shutdown is required to minimize hazard(s) to personnel and equipment, a
system of coordination based on two conditions shall be permitted. Those two conditions are
COORDINATED short-circuit protection, and OVERLOAD indication based on monitoring systems or
devices.

Sec. 2.90.1.12

480. A CURRENT TRANSFORMER AND OVERCURRENT RELAY shall be considered equivalent to an

overcurrent trip unit.

481. Conductors supplying a transformer shall be permitted to be tapped without overcurrent

protection at the tap where the conductors supplying the ARTICLEONDARY of a transformer have an
ampacity at least 1/3 of the rating of the overcurrent device protecting the feeder conductors.

482. Cartridge fuses and fuseholders shall be classified according to VOLTAGE AND AMPERAGE
ranges.

483. No overcurrent protection devices shall be connected in series with any conductor that is
intentionally grounded, except where the overcurrent protection device opens all conductors of the
 circuit, including the GROUNDED conductor, and is designated that no pole can operate
independently.

484. Overcurrent protection devices are not permitted to be located WHERE EXPOSED TO PHYSICAL
DAMAGE, NEAR EASILY IGNITABLE MATERIALS, SUCH AS CLOTHES CLOSETS AND IN
BATHROOMS OF DWELLING UNITS.

485. Plug fuses of 15 amperes and lower ratings shall be identified by a HEXAGONAL configuration of
the window, cap, or other prominent part to distinguish them from fuses of higher ampere ratings.

486. Fuseholders of the Edison-base type shall be installed only where they are made to accept TYPE
S fuses by the use of adapters.

487. Type S fuses, fuse holders, and adapters are required to be designated so that TAMPERING AND
SHUNTING would be difficult.

488. Fuseholders for cartridge fuses shall be so designated that it is difficult to put a fuse of any given
class into a fuseholder that is designated for a CURRENT lower, or VOLTAGE higher, than that of the
class to which the fuse belongs.

489. A fuse on a 20 amp branch circuit has blown. The fuse is replaced with a 20 amp fuse and the
fuse blows when the switch is turned on. The electrician should CHECK THE CIRCUIT FOR A
PROBLEM.

490. A fusestat is different than the ordinary plug fuse because a fuses that HAS LEFT-HAND
THREADS.

491. Markings on circuit breakers required by the Code shall be permitted to be made visible by
removal of a TRIM/TRIMED or cover.

Article 2.40.7.4
492. Where used as switches in 120-volt and 277-volt fluorescent lightning circuits, circuit breakers
shall be marked SWD.

493. An overcurrent trip unit of a circuit shall be connected in series with each UNGROUNDED
CONDUCTOR.

494. A RENEWABLE FUSE is a certain type cartridge fuse that can be readily replaced.

495. If a fuse becomes hot under normal load, a probable cause is INSUFFICIENT PRESSURE AT THE
FUSE CLIPS.

496. If the spring tension on a cartridge fuse clip is weak, the result most likely would be THE FUSE
CLIPS WOULD BECOME WARM.

497. A common fuse and circuit breaker works on the principal that CURRENT DEVELOPS HEAT.

498. If the end of a cartridge fuse becomes warmer than normal, you should TIGHTEN THE FUSE
CLIPS.

499. Since fuses are rated by amperage and voltage a fuse will work on AC OR DC.

500. A current limiting overcurrent protective device is a device which will REDUCE the current flowing
in the faulted circuit.