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PREVENTION
y
preventing
breast
cancer
HOW tO prevent
breast cancer? THE STAgES OF
STAGE 0
among women in their fifties. It is characterized by the The tumor is confined
multiplication of cells in the glands or milk ducts of to the milk ducts.
the breast. This cluster of cells forms a “malignant tumor”.
If these cells become detached from the tumor, they may
spread to other organs and form new cancerous tumors
called metastases. To help prevent breast cancer, these
0 2 STAGE 1
The tumor measures less
are some of the lifestyle choices and attitudes you can than 2 cm.
adopt without delay
LEARN HOW
BREAST CANCER STAGE 2
DEVELOPS The tumor measures
between 2 and 5 cm.
BE AWARE OF Cancer cells have spread
THE RISK FACTORS GENERALLY SPEAKING, to between 1 and 3 lymph
BREAST CANCER DEVELOPS nodes.
SLOWLY SO YOU MIGHT NOT
The main risk factors for the
development of breast cancer are:
- family history or genetic
predisposition: having a close family
member (mother, sister or daughter)
who has had cancer of the breast,
FOLLOW THE
RECOMMENDATIONS
NOTICE PARTICULAR
CHANGES IN THE BREASTS:
THAT IS WHY REGULAR
SCREENING IS IMPORTANT.
3 STAGE 3
The tumor measures more
than 5 cm.
ovaries or uterus, Cancer cells have spread to
- personal history: having already BASED ON YOUR more than 4 lymph nodes.
been affected by breast cancer,
- age: 78 % of cases of breast cancer
RISK FACTORS
involve women over the age of 50,
STAGE 4
- hormonal factors,
- breast density, REGULAR SCREENING
- use of oral contraceptives Mammogram screening is Metastatic cancer.
and hormone treatments:
there is an ongoing debate
on the link between these
drugs and cancer,
- obesity or a diet that is
too high in fat,
recommended every 2 years between
the ages of 50 and 74. An ultrasound
investigation may also be performed.
If there is a personal or family history
or if certain genetic predispositions
have been identified, the risk of cancer
4 Metastases have spread to
the liver, brain, lungs etc.
STADE 4
- tobacco and/or alcohol. is higher and mammograms are then
prescribed much earlier: clinical
monitoring is advised from age 20 and
radiological screening is carried out
from age 30 onwards.
sYMptOMs
The typical symptoms of breast cancer are:
- a small lump that can be felt in the breast, and more generally in the armpit, which
may or may not be painful. This lump may be detected during a mammogram.
- changes in the size, shape and texture of the breast,
- development of redness or a sensation of warmth in the breast,
- the nipple turning inwards,
- development of a crust, discharge or peeling skin on the nipple.
PSYCHOLOgICAL SUPPORT
Anyone suffering from cancer will experience a range of emotions such
as anger, sadness or anxiety.
Don’t hesitate to confide in your loved ones at this difficult time or ask a
psychologist or healthcare professional for help with any questions or
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