Appendix C

Some Statistics on Major

Vegetable Oils and
Oilseeds
The world’s oilseed production in 1996 to 1997 is estimated at 259.1 million tons
and the world’s soybean production is estimated at 134 million tons. Major vegetable
oils and marine oils produced and consumed in 1996 to 1997 are presented in
Table C.1 and the amounts of oil present in various oilseeds are given in Table C.2.

323

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324 Natural Extracts Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

TABLE C.1
World Supply and Consumption (MMT) of
Vegetable and Oils in 1996–1997
(www.fas.usda.govt/oilseeds/circular/1997)
Oil Production Consumption

Soybean 20.47 17.22

Palm 16.60 12.41
Sunflower 8.80 7.52
Canola 10.49 8.56
Cottonseed 3.80 3.65
Peanut 4.05 3.69
Coconut 3.33 2.82
Olive 2.00 1.89
Fish 1.25 1.13

TABLE C.2
The Amounts of Oil in Oilseeds and Distribution
of Triglycerides (TG) and Phosphpolipids (PL) in
Crude Seed Oil (Bailey’s Oil and Fats, 1981)
Oil Seed Oil (%) TG (% of oil) PL (% of oil)

Corn 38–44 94.4–99.1 <2.5

Castor 45
Coconut 34 99.8
Corn germ 45
Cottonseed 19 98 0.7–0.9
Peanut 38
Poppy seed 40
Oat 12 50.6 7.1
Canola 35 91.8–99.0 <3.5
Rice bran 14–20 88–89 4–5
Safflower 11.5–47.5 — —
Sesame 47 0.03–0.13
Soybean 18 93.0–99.2 <4.0
Sunflower 29 0.02–1.5
Tea seed 48

Source: Bailey’s Industrial Oil and Fat Products, Vol. 2, 4th ed.,
Swern, D., Ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1981.

© 2000 by CRC Press LLC

 Appendix C
1.2

1 27 C
o
32 o C 37 o C

Some Statistics on Major Vegetable Oils and Oilseeds

o
47 oC 57 C

0.8
Density (gm/cc)

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
Pressure (bar)

FIGURE A.1 Density vs. pressure isotherm for carbon dioxide.

325
© 2000 by CRC Press LLC
326 Natural Extracts Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

2000

50 Atm
100 Atm

1 Atm data
1500
P
VISCOSITY

1000

VAPOR LIQUID
BOUNDARY
200 Atm
100 Atm
500
50 Atm

1 Atm

160 200 300 400

TEMPERATURE, K

FIGURE A.2 Viscosity of carbon dioxide (Haselden, 1971).

© 2000 by CRC Press LLC

Appendix C Some Statistics on Major Vegetable Oils and Oilseeds 327

200

5
TERMAL CONDUCTIVITY (watts/cm K) x 10
200 Atm
100 Atm
150 50 Atm
1 Atm

100

200 Atm

Vapor liquid 100 Atm

boundary
50 50 Atm

1 Atm

0
200 300 400 500

TEMPERATURE, K

FIGURE A.3 Thermal Conductivity of carbon dioxide (Haselden, 1971).

© 2000 by CRC Press LLC