CHAPTER 3: EARLY EDUCATION - Wore a “sinamay” shirt (from Batangas)

IN CALAMBA AND BINAN - Knew grammars of Nebrija and Gainza

PEDRO
CALAMBA & LAGUNA - son of Maestro Justiniano
- Where Rizal had his early education - laughed at Rizal

4 R’s 3.3 First School Brawl

 reading
 writing - Rizal, mad at Pedro for making fun of him
 arithmetic earlier, challenged him to a fight
 religion - Won the fight having learned wrestling from
his Tio Manuel
3.1 The Hero’s First Teacher - Never ran away from a fight

MOTHER ANDRES SALANDANAN

- Rizal’s first teacher
- Patient, conscientious & understanding tutor
- First to discover her son’s talent for poetry
- At the age of 3, he learned the alphabet
and prayers from her
- Challenged Rizal to an arm-wrestling match
- He won but Rizal lost and nearly cracked his
head on the sidewalk
3.4 Painting Lessons in Binan

MAESTRO CELESTINO JUANCHO

- 1st private tutor - Old painter who lived near the school
- Father-in-law of Maestro Justiniano
MAESTRO LUCAS PADUA - Gave Rizal lessons in drawing and painting
- 2nd private tutor
JOSE GUEVARRA
LEON MONROY - Rizal’s friend who also loved painting
- Former classmate of Rizal’s father - Both became apprentices of Juancho
- Lived in Rizal’s home - Became “the favorite painters of the class”
- Taught him Spanish and Latin
- Died 5 months later 3.5 Daily Life in Binan

3.2 Rizal Goes to Binan
JUNE 1869
- Rizal left Calamba for Binan
- Accompanied by Paciano
- Rode a “carromata” (1 ½ hours)
- Went sightseeing with his cousin, Leandro, on
the same night
- Became depressed because of
homesickness
- Resided in his aunt’s house
MAESTRO JUSTINIANO AQUINO CRUZ
- Owns a nipa hut-turned-school 30 meters
away from where Rizal lived
- First official teacher of Rizal
- Old teacher of Paciano
- Tall, thin, long-necked, with a sharp nose and
a body slightly bent forward
- Rizal led a methodical life in Binan, almost
Spartan in simplicity
- Such a life contributed to his development
- Strengthened his body and soul
 Heard the 4 AM mass or studied his lessons
then went to mass after
 Goes to the orchard for a “mabolo” to eat
 Breakfast (rice & 2 dried small fish)
 Class until 10AM
 Lunch then study
 Class at 2PM until 5PM
 Prays with cousins
 Study
 Draw
 Supper (1 or 2 dishes with “ayungin”)
 Prays with his aunt’s family
 If there’s a moon, plays outside with nieces
 Never got sick while he was at Binan
3.6 Best Student in School
- In academic studies, Rizal beat all Binan boys
- Surpassed them in Spanish, Latin, etc.
- Older classmates were jealous and would
wickedly squeal to the teacher when Rizal
got into a fight and tell lies
- Laid out on a bench and given 5 or 6 blows
3.7 End of Binan Schooling
BEFORE THE CHRISTMAS SEASON IN 1870
- Jose received a letter from Saturnina
informing him of the arrival of the steamer
“Talim” which would take him from Binan to
Calamba
- Had a premonition that he would not be
returning to Binan and became sad
- Prayed in the town church, collected
pebbles as souvenirs, and regretfully bade
farewell to his teacher and classmates
DECEMBER 17, 1870
- Left Binan after 1 ½ years of studying there
- First time riding on a steamer
ARTURO CAMPS
- Friend of Rizal’s father who accompanied
and took care of him
3.8 Martyrdom of Gom-Bur-Za
JANUARY 20, 1872
- 200 Filipino soldiers and workmen of the
Cavite arsenal under the leadership of
Lamadrid rose in violent mutiny because of
the abolition of their usual privileges
(exemption from tribute and polo – forced
labor) by Governor Rafael de Izquierdo
CAVITE MUTINY
- Suppressed 2 days later by troop
reinforcements from Manila
- Spanish authorities magnified the failed
mutiny into a “revolt” for Philippine
independence in order to liquidate
Gom-Bur-Za and their supporters
GOM-BUR-ZA
 Fr. Mariano Gomez
 Fr. Jose Burgos
- Paciano’s friend, teacher & housemate
 Fr. Jacinto Zamora
- Leaders of the secular movement to Filipinize
the Philippine parishes
- Their martyrdom inspired Rizal to fight the evils
of Spanish tyranny and redeem his oppressed
people
SUPPORTERS
 Jose Ma. Basa
 Atty. Joaquin Pardo de Tavera
 Atty. Antonio Ma. Regidor
FEBRUARY 17, 1872
- GomBurZa were executed at sunrise
- Martyrdom of GomBurZa
- Ordered by Gov. Gen. Rafael de Izquierdo
PACIANO
- Enraged by the execution of Fr. Burgos, quit
his studies at the College of San Jose and
returned to Calamba
- Told Rizal, who was still 11 years old at that
time, of the heroic story of Burgos
APRIL 18, 1889
- 17 years later, Rizal wrote a letter in Paris to
Mariano Ponce
- It was about how things would have been
different if 1872 did not happen – the
opposite
1891
- Dedicated his 2nd novel “El Filibusterismo” to
GomBurZa
3.9 Injustice to Hero’s Mother
BEFORE JUNE 1872
- Rizal’s mother was suddenly arrested on a
malicious charge that she and her brother,
Jose Alberto, tried to poison the latter’s
deceitful wife
JOSE ALBERTO
- Rich Binan ilustrado
- Just returned from a business trip in Europe
- Planned to divorce his unfaithful wife but was
stopped by Dona Teodora (told him to
forgive her to avert family scandal)
- Lived again with his wife but she conspired
with the Spanish lieutenant of the Guardia
Civil (whom Don Francisco refused to give
fodder for his horse) to a file a case against
Jose Alberto and Dona Teodora
ANTONIO VIVENCIO DEL ROSARIO
- Calamba’s gobernadorcillo
- Menial of the friars
- Helped arrest Dona Teodora

SPANISH LEIUTENANT OF THE GUARDIA CIVIL

- Forced Dona Teodora to walk from Calamba
to Santa Cruz (capital of Laguna province)
- 50 kilometer distance
- Dona Teodora was then incarcerated at the
provincial prison in Santa Cruz
- Spent 2 ½ years there
- The Manila Royal Audiencia (Supreme Court)
acquitted her of the alleged crime

* The 2 ungrateful men were frequent

guests at the Rizal home

MESSR. FRANCISCO DE MARCAIDA &

MESSR. MANUEL MARZAN
- Most famous lawyers of Manila who
defended Dona Teodora