(2011)

Existence of Information in Human Life

A.P. Singh* and Abhishek Kumar*
Abstract

“Information is us.” In natural science, spiritual and philosophical world information belongs to life. The
shape of information depends on human beings. Information is everywhere but the identification of
information is done by human beings with their Bio-factors, Analytical analysis (commonsense, moods,
emotions and feelings) & Self-Consciousness (Subjective Experiences).
From formation of Universe to E-Society, the information flow existed from the beginning of life on earth
and it still continues.
This paper presents an overview the existence of information in human being through major aspects like
Bio, Social & Logical Information Systems. The basic principles of information are clearly established in
terms of laws and theorems which are just as valid and applicable as those employed in the natural sciences.
The current materialistic representations of information are criticized, and a new model for the origin of life
is derived.
In Library and Information Science context it’s presentation of retrieval of information from human life. It
also explore the management of major information systems like; Human Personal, Health, Biological,
Social etc.

It is logical to assume that the existence and description of information in human life has been documented
through rigorous investigation.

Keywords: information, biological information of human beings, social information of human beings,
human information systems, artificial intelligence.

Dr. A.P. Singh* Abhishek Kumar*

Reader Research Scholar
Deptt. of Library & Inf. Sc. Deptt. of Library & Inf. Sc.
Banaras Hindu University Banaras Hindu University
Varanasi-221005 Varanasi-221005
Email : apsingh_73@yahoo.co.in Email : colon@in.com
Contact no: (+91) 9415502802 Contact no: (+91) 9453001870

Introduction:
Information everywhere exists. It could be beyond to unknown. From the beginning, big-bang of solar
system spreads information for birth of life, life formation, biological evolution, cultural (social & human)
activities and human information systems all about existence of information. Three dedicated revolutions
(Agriculture, Industrial & Technical) give the meaning & use of human life in information behavior.
Artificial intelligence, spiritual self-consciousness is endless personality aspect of virtual and real
information in human life.

Every human being has different attitudes depends on mature information level to describe any living things
& non-living things with own point of view and emphasis. Information Maturity level based on prior
Knowledge, Education, Culture, and Religion with analytical thinking & Self-Consciousness.

Whole revolution of Information to become exists from origin of life to e-society of human life depends on
complexity of life, environmental donation for life survival, cultural and spiritual faith & human
themselves.

The question still exists that where information (life) does comes from? Is it come from asteroids or black
hole or black matter the scientists and researchers are chasing the exploration of this question.

Everyday every bit of information play a great role in human life that are to breath, to eat, to see, to think,
to communicate, to read, to write etc. Everyday we interact with huge information and huge information
Interact with us. All living organisms have genetic codes with information process. The evolutionary
meaning with useful statements about the origin of life comes from to explain the information and its path.
Information is acquired by our senses and controls our behavior, sits in the genome and directs the
construction and performance of an organism? In the brain, or the bases in the DNA molecule – they all
express information, but they are not the information.

A heuristic definition “Information’, for our purposes, is an organizing mechanism which provides an
ability to deal with the environment. It is a symbolic description having modes of interpreting and
interacting with the environment. (Goonatilake, 1991)

The information which is transmitted may generally be classified as genealogical communication, in which
conservative structures are transmitted down through channels.
Information has existed from the beginning of life on earth. With interacting with the environment those
transformation systems that cannot adjust to the environment are eliminated

“…information is an assemblage of data in a comprehensible form capable of communication and use; the
essence of it is that a meaning has been attached to the raw facts.” (Feather & Sturges, 2003)

The objective of this entry, however, is to concentrate on the ideas about information that have been either
developed within the information disciplines or, in a few cases, which have come from other fields but have
also been influential in the information disciplines. “Information is Us,” we are so strongly biased that we
have the greatest difficulty to detach ourselves from our own experience with information whenever we try
to look at this concept scientifically and objectively.

History, Concept & Form of Information:

In antiquity, the originally Latin word “information” had been rarely used and had a sense to mould, to give
shape. The mediaeval scholastics, inspired by Aristotle, conceived the term in the philosophical sense of
giving form to matter as a substance. Later, the term got also a meaning to inform someone, to mold or give
form to their mind – to teach. The term also appeared in cultivated language and gradually became common
in customary language. Dictionaries explain information in the sense of news, data, thing told, items of

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knowledge. Until the middle of the 20th century the word was virtually absent from science writing. Leo
Szilard, in his path-breaking study from 1929 on the relationship between entropy and measurement did not
use the term information.( Szilard, Leo, 1929)

In the second half of the 20th century, the concept of information made a triumphal massive entrance with
cybernetics, communication theory, systems theory, game theory, computer science.

The problem of such a broad concept of information is similar to the problem of the concept of God: a
concept that explains everything is explaining nothing. The import of such an all-encompassing concept of
information for discursive science is questionable. But it also largely misses the property that has been
considered as the main virtue, if not a prerequisite, of a scientific concept: it is not a quantity that can be
measured and used in calculations. In can be of value for instrumental science if it is substantially narrowed
down and reduced to a measurable quantity. That is the case of information in the conception of Claude
Shannon.

‘Information is embedded in a particular pattern in space or time – it does not come in the form of energy,
forces or fields, or anything material, although energy and/or matter are necessary to carry the information
in question.’ (Roederer, J. G, 2005).

1. Evolution of Information for Human Life: Biological Aspect

Information is one of the most important parts of human life. All living organism require information to
function. Evolution of Information in Human Life is the concept of information and its role in the control of
natural processes. It’s constantly generating new information and information-processing exclusive
attributes of living systems.

In living culture of information structure we daily involve, search & medium of mass amount of
information. In biology, organisms are often conceived of as informational systems, DNA as carriers of
“genetic information”, and the brain is considered to be an extremely powerful information processor.

The influential biologist John Maynard Smith wrote in 2000: “A central idea in contemporary biology is
that of information. Developmental biology can be seen as the study of how information in the genome is
translated into adult structure and evolutionary biology of how the information came to be there in the first
place.” (Smith, J. M., 2000).

Biological evolution is a progressing process of knowledge acquisition (cognition) and, correspondingly, of

growth of complexity. The acquired knowledge represents epistemic complexity. Biological species are the
main “bookkeepers” of acquired knowledge, with individual members of the species functioning as
“explorers” of novelty.

1.1(A) Brain & Behavior of Human Beings

Paul Patton writes about research, evolution and the complexity of human brains: “Over the past 30
years… research in comparative neuroanatomy clearly has shown that complex brains—and sophisticated
cognition—have evolved from simpler brains multiple times independently in separate lineages, or
evolutionarily related groups”

The Time-lag made differences of Information about Human Race that are Skin colors, Languages,
Religions, Geography.

Function of Brain Parts & Information Handling in human mind, memory, consciousness and perceptions
that are associated with it are an unfathomable mystery.

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 Brain Parts Information Handling

1. Primary Sensory Cortex Receives signals from the sensory receptors in the skin
2. Sensory Association Cortex Areas of the cortex that do not process sensory or motor
information
3. Visual Association Cortex Forms images by association and analysis of information
4. Primary Visual Cortex Receives sensory information sent by the eyes
5. Motor Cortex Sends instructions to the muscles telling them to contract
6. Pre-Motor Cortex Coordinates complex movements of the muscle motor area
7. Pre-Frontal Cortex Promotes the development of reasoning and planning (area of
association and analysis of information)
8. Broca’s Area Speech production. It is a motor area that commands the
phonation muscles
9. Primary Auditory Cortex A sensory area. It receives information from the sensory receptors
of the eyes
10. Associative Auditory Cortex Area for association and analysis of sounds
11. Wernicke’s Area Linguistic area for auditory decoding

Brain Centers are nothing but tissue consists of thousands of millions of neurons that continually send each
other signals through connections called synapses. Thanks to this network the brain can remember,
calculate, decide, think, dream, create, and express emotions.

Nervous system is the most intricate of all the body's systems. It works every second of every day, gathering
information about the organism and its surroundings and issuing instructions so that the organism can react.
It is this computer that permits us to think and remember and that makes us who we are. Nervous system
consists of specialized cells-neurons connected together and forming an information-transmitting,
processing and receiving system. Because the nervous system as an information system is quicker, it has a
great potential for control, allowing organism to react in a shorter time to changes in the environment.

Peripheral nerves have the task of bringing information to and from the brain and spinal column. Depending
on their location, they may be cranial or spinal nerves. The sensory fibers in the peripheral nerves receive
information from the outside world, the skin, and the internal organs and transmit it to the central nervous
system; the motor fibers begin to contract the skeletal muscles and transmit signals in the opposite direction
from the sensors. The nerves are located deep in the body, with some exceptions, such as the cubital nerve
in the elbow.

1.1(B) Anatomy of information in Human behavior by Shannon’s Conception

Every aspect of human behavior has been considered as consisting in the collection, processing,
transforming and storing information.

Shannon’s conception of information:

Claude Shannon published his conception of information in 1948. Theory of communication: Optimalize
and economize the transmission of messages. Shannon defined the information in a message as a difference
between the uncertainty the questioner had before receiving the message and after receiving the message. If
the subject is a narrower organism, like D.N.A of Human being, all its prior knowledge is built in as a result
of the evolutionary past of the species.

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If the subject is an organism with ability to learn, the evolutionary knowledge is supplemented with new
pieces of knowledge acquired by conditioning in the course of individual life.

There is not only prior knowledge of a subject, but also interest and intention, which determine the quantity
of information. If a human observer were interested in a physical system and if his/her intention were to
specify all quantum states of the system at a particular instant, the all-encompassing message that an
appropriate measuring device furnishes –unimaginable so far – would represent a big difference of entropies
and hence a very large value of Shannon’s information.

Information about a particular thing or event is equal to the difference between final and initial knowledge
of a subject about the thing or the event. This is achieved by collecting, selecting and processing available
data in such a way that they would rearrange probabilities of possible answers to a well-formulated
question.

The immune system, as Jerne and Edelmanbelieve, is a kind of hermetically sealed system that contains all
the possible responses to the external antigen world.

Considering life in this way, we have to admit that there is much less information transactions in the living
world than has been usually assumed. Hormones are the information-producing ‘device’. They also control
a wide verity of the behavioral responses of human-being.

The excessive use of the terminology of information has naturally promoted the metaphor of life as a
computer. In cognitive sciences, the computer continues to be a much-favored model of mind, and also of
life as a whole. But life as we know it, natural life (n-life), is a chemical system and cognition is a property
of such a chemical system. (Kováč L., 2006)

1.1(C) Information Handling in the Brain

Handling of information in the genetic sphere is counted in generations, in the hormonal system is minutes
and in the neural system it is speeded up to seconds or fractions of a second. (Jantsch, 1980, p.14)

The brain is a densely interlinked communication system which is directed by this self organization of
information (Jantsch, 1980, p.161). At the obvious level it is organized as a collection of neurons. Yet there
are also higher levels of organization, with patterns corresponding to different mental sates. These mental
phenomena at these different levels- such as mental concepts, images-can also be described and analysed in
their own right, although at a physic-chemical level these phenomena would exhibit themselves as different
states in neurons (Smith, 1985). Information handling in brains as a complex system can thus be described
autopoietically at these different levels (Pribram, 1985).

Learning

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 Behavior Adaptation

Genetic Coded Absorption

Evolution Flow

Above model shows that there are several mental characteristics shared by many species. Learning, which is
an adaptive behavior, is possessed by many. Handling of visual information or deciding on feeding
strategies, are common problems to the entire vertebrate spectrum.
In human visual information for individuals construct in evolutionary perspectives of learning as sex, race,
color, smell, language. As cultural information the information as religious, Profession.

The information system in the brain essentially constructs models of the external world. The fundamental
capacity of the brain, especially in the higher vertebrates, involves itself in constructing representation of
the world outside (Changeux, 1985, pp.273-83). These models define reality and handle and process the
information fed from the external world. The types of information a species receives and the way it is
processed differ. Different species seem to be differently prepared because of their phylogenetic history to
acquire different kinds of information from the environment (Garcia and Levine, 1976, Seligman, 1970;
Rozin, 1976).

1.1 (D) Data, Information and knowledge: The “Conventional Wisdom”

Information in biological systems is not only conserved and carried over from generation to generation, but
it is also being continuously created. The process of evolution is thus not one of being but of becoming. The
evolutionary process demands that novelty is related to the fact that a strong measure of indeterminateness
and lack of prediction exists in biological processes (Mayr, 1985 p.50). The biological systems are self
organizing systems whereby novelty is introduced to prior information.

The conventional wisdom (Lewontin, 1978 pp.116-125) of adaptation is that the environment presents
certain ‘problems’ which the evolutionary process through its generation of variability attempts to solve.
The direction of evolution is the path of the solution to these problems. As evolution proceeds, still better
solutions to the problem are obtained.
DNA and information ‘content’
The formation of the constituents of life was by natural causes. The concept of ‘information’ used in the
mathematical theory of information is too narrow for satisfactory use in examining life form & its
processes.
There is various life forms are built from common chemical building blocks, these are nucleic acids,
proteins, carbohydrates and fats. The nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are the information –carrying system;
the proteins are responsible for structure and function; carbohydrates provide the energy for living systems;
and fats provide the storage banks for the energy-providing systems.
The genetic information is coded along the DNA molecule, and this code gives instructions for the
manufacture of particular proteins. Proteins determine the structure and functioning information of an
organism, particular combinations of proteins being unique to each species. Proteins themselves are
constituted of large chains of amino acids.
DNA and amount of information content in biological organisms. For instance for the DNA of humans;
estimates have been given such as 10x12 bits by Raven (1961).

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As evolution proceeds, genetic information tends to become more differentiated. Although changes also
continue to produce organisms with a small genetic information content, there is a general overall tendency
for a greater complexity and hence for a greater ‘quality’ in the information content. Built into phylogeny is
an overall tendency towards higher complexity in living being (Holzmuller, 1984.) He also analyzed the
manner in which the information could be stored in the form of groups of base molecules.
The addition of new information is by accretion to existing information; information therefore tends to
conserve itself. Thus, even the pre-biotic origin of genetic information
is conserved and retained as a memory in the existing reaction pathways which emerged at the pre-biotic
stage and survived in later stages of evolution (Eigen, 1982 p.10). As information molecules DNA, RNA
and proteins thus retain a considerable amount of data about their evolutionary history in their sequences of
nucleotides or amino acids (Ayala, 1978, p.26).

Evolution is a conservative process…once a good mechanism is created it tends

to be incorporated and passed on…. Genes are a library with a lot of useful
information in them which evolution has collected. [Quoted in Anderson and
Cadbury, 1985 pp.118 and 121]
One important attempt at quantifying the amount of information in biological molecules has been
by Holzmullar (1984). He makes a fundamental distinction between the carrier and content of
information. He deals largely with the quantity of information of the DNA and only in passing
with the content of the information.
Shannon’s ‘measure of information’ and ‘approach to information’ is at best gross measures, and
is an inadequate representation for the complexity of information in the biological sphere.
Information is meaningless without knowledge of the questions or alternatives that it is supposed to answer
or resolve, or without a description of the repertoire of possible states of a system that is being measured.
While data and information can be handled by a computer, knowledge has to do exclusively with
information gain by the human brain, represented in some very specific ways in its neural networks, and
with the potential use of the gained information.

1.2 Senses or inceptors of Human Body: Information Collector’s

Our brain receives information from our sense organs. For our purposes, we can say that information
initially comes from some form of sensor or transducer. This generates some form of response which can
then be measured. It is this measurement or detection which ‘creates’ information.

Every living system is equipped with a fixed number of distinct sensors. The sensors interact with a specific
part of the surroundings, which call, following Jakob von Uexküll, the Umwelt (Fig. 1).

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Each biological species has its own species-specific Umwelt. The sensors parcel the world into a limited
number of items, the differents, and it depends on the number of distinct sensors and on their specificity
how fine is the eventual graining of the world. By its complement of sensors, any species distinguishes and
assigns significance to a selected set from a myriad of otherwise meaningless objects and events of its
surroundings. It is from the collection of differents marked by significances that a species-specific reality is
being constructed. The Umwelt, which is, in the form of reality, experienced by the subjects, is, in
terminology of Edmund Husserl, their Lebenswelt.

Everything we know about the world comes to us through the senses. Traditionally it was thought that we
had only five: vision, hearing, touch, smell, and taste. Its hold different information systems which
connected to brain. However, for some time now we have known that we have many additional classes of
sensations—such as pain, pressure, temperature, muscular sensation, and a sense of motion—that are
generally included in the sense of touch. The areas of the brain involved are called somatosensory areas.
Although we often take our senses for granted, each one of them is delicate and irreplaceable. Without them
it is nearly impossible to understand our surroundings. They are a bridge between us and everything alive
on the Earth.

Eye: Visual Information System- Almost all the information that comes from the world into the brain
depends on vision.The eye, one of the most complex organs of the body, allows us to judge the size and
texture of an object even before we touch it or to know how far away it is. More than 100 million cells are
activated instantaneously in the presence of light, converting the image perceived into nerve impulses that
are transmitted to the brain. For this reason 70 percent of all the body's sensory receptors are concentrated in
the eyes. It is vital that the brain receive information in a correct form: otherwise, things would appear to be
distorted.

‘Helmholtz pointed out that, even in forming perceptions about straightforward physical features in the
world about us from the information we get from eyes, we must rely to a considerable extent on
unconscious inductive inference- probably inference from experiences during our early childhood’.

Hearing: Sound Information System- The ear is the sense responsible for hearing and maintaining
equilibrium. When the ear perceives sounds information, it registers its characteristics information too like
—volume, tone, and timbre—as well as the direction from which it comes.

Touch and the Skin: Information System- Touch is one of the five senses. Its function is to perceive
information about sensations of contact, pressure, and temperature and to send them to the brain. It is
predominant in the fingers and hands. The information is transmitted through neurotransmitters, nerves that
carry these impulses to the brain and that serve to detect sensations such as cold, heat, pressure, and pain.

The skin is one of the most important organs of the body. It contains approximately five million tiny nerve
endings that transmit sensations information.

Smell and Taste: Information Systems- These two senses of the body function as powerful allies of the
digestive system. Taste involves the perception of dissolved chemical substances arriving, for example, in
the form of food.

Above biological senses of information system play important role to built human information system.

2. Information Environment : Social Aspect

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‘Information Society can be defined as a society in which ultimately most of the people are engaged in
‘brain work’ rather than ‘physical work’, and that this development is ac- companied by various social,
economic, and political changes’ (Cawkell, 1987)

An evolutionary process an ISDN (integrated services digital network), the foundation elements of an
"information society". Once established, these information networks become the highways of modern age,
akin to the roads, railways, and canals of the Industrial age. An ISDN will provide the infrastructure
supporting the key ingredient of the Postindustrial Society-information.

ECONOMIC
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Today, it is commonplace to argue that we have evolved into a society where the “distinguishing
characteristic...is that knowledge and organization are the prime creators of wealth” (Dias Karunaratne
1986).

[20] Porat included in the primary information sector all those industries that make available their
information in established markets or elsewhere where an economic value can be readily ascribed (e.g.,
mass media, education, advertising, computer manufacture). Thus: The primary information sector
includes...industries that in some way produce, process, disseminate, or transmit knowledge or messages.
The unifying definition is that the goods and services that make up the primary sector must be
fundamentally valued for their information producing, processing, or distributing characteristics. [23] The
secondary information sector includes the informational activities of the public bureaucracy and private
bureaucracies. The private bureaucracy in that portion of every noninformation form that engages in purely
informational activities, such as research and development, planning, control, marketing, and
recordkeeping... The public bureaucracy includes all the informational functions of the federal, state, and
local governments.[23]

OCCUPATIONAL

A popular measure of the emergence of an information society is the one that focuses on occupational
charge. The shift in the distribution of occupations is at the heart of the most influential theory of the
information society. Here Bell[30] sees, in the emergence of "white collar society" (and, hence, information
work) and in the decline of industrial labor changes as profound as the end of class-based political conflict,
more communal consciousness and the development of equality between the sexes. Robins and I [31] have
criticized Bell's theorization elsewhere, but here it is appropriate to raise some general objections to
occupational measures of the information society. A major problem concerns the methodology for allocating
workers to particular categories. The end product- a bald statistical figure giving a precise percent-age of
"information workers"- hides the complex processes by which researchers construct their categories and
allocate people to one or another. Porat, for instance, develops what has become an influential typology to
locate occupations that are primarily engaged in the production, procesing, or distribution of information.
First category includes those workers whose output as primary activity is producing and selling knowledge.
Included here are scientists, inventors, teachers, librarians, journalists, and authors.The second major class
of workers covers those who gather and disseminate information. These workers move information within
firms and within markets: they search, coordinate, plan and process market information. Included here are
managers, secretaries, clerks, lawyers, brokers, and typists. The last class includes workers who operate the
information machines and technolgies that support the previous two activities. Included here are computer
operators, telephone installers, and television repairers. [23]

Jonscher[32] simplifies this further still, discerning just two sectors of the economy: the first, an "
information sector." is where people whose prime function is creating, processing, and handling

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information; the second, a "production sector," is where workers are found who chiefly create, process, and
handle physical goods. These distinctions appear reasonable, precise, and empirically valid, but there are
difficulties. Not least is something of which Porat is well aware, namely that"(s)tating precisely who is an
information worker and who is not is a risky propasition." [23] Indeed, it is, since ebery occupation involves
a significant degree of information processing and cognition. Porat acknowledges this in his attempt to
distinguish noninformational from informational labor on the basis of estimating the degree to which each
type is involved with information.

Information Section|||||

Porat's first category (information producers) lumps together opticians, library assistants, composers,
paperback writers, university professors, and engineers, while his second (information distributors)
subsumes journalists on quality newspapers with deliveres on the street, and when the OECD (Organization
for Overseas Co-operation and Development) puts togethers as information producers physicists,
commodity brokers, and auctioneers, then one may well have doubts about the value of this composition of
occupations as a means of identifying social change. Further, what of the diversity of occupations, each with
the same title? Librarian, for example, can encompass someone spending much of the day either issuing
books for loan or reshelving returns, as well as someone routinely involved in advising academics on the
best sources of information for progressing state-of-the-art research.

The pursuit of a quantitative measure of information work disguises the possibility that the growth of
certain types of information occupation may have particular consequences for social life.

SPATIAL Goddard [42,43] identifies several interrelated elements in the transition to an information
society. Thease include:

* Information is coming to occupy center stage as the "key strategic resource" on which the organization of
world economy is dependent.

* Computer and communications technologies allow information to be handled on an historically

unprecedented scale, to facilitate instantaneous and real-time trading, and to monitor economic, social, and
political affairs on a global stage.

* There has been an exceptionally rapid growth of the "tradable information sector" of the economy, by
which Goddard means to highlight the explosive growth of services such as new media (satellite
broadcasting, cable, video) and on-line databases providing information on a host of subjects ranging from
stock market dealings, commodity prices, patent listings, currency fluctuations, to scientific and
technological journal abstracts.

3. Human Information Systems for Information Existence in Human Life: Logical

Aspect

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About 100 million bits of information are stored in a human brain. These comprise the vast backdrop of
every information that a human being picks up in the course of living.A human being can be rated as
intelligent when he has the ability to produce links between pieces of knowledge. This background of
information on a variety of subjects is what is meant by commonsense, moods, emotions and feelings.

‘Commonsense understanding comes naturally to human beings who learn to act in the world by seeing the
similarity of present situations to some typical past experiences or associations. It might as well be everyday
know-how. While changing relevance is the problem of finding a representational form permitting a
changing, complex world to be efficiently and adequately represented.’ (Bose, 1993, p.167).
Bose, H. Information Science: Principles and Practice. 2nd ed. New Delhi: Sterling, 1993.167. Print.
Human beings proceed from the past into the future with their past experience always going before them
organizing the way the next events show up for them.

‘Language and commonsense constitute the essence of the human mind. Artificial Intelligence, therefore,
aims at defining and organizing the ocean of human experience comprising highly sophisticated knowledge
that is associated with intelligence and ordinary commonsense.’ (Bose, 1993, p.169).
Bose, H. Information Science: Principles and Practice. 2nd ed. New Delhi: Sterling, 1993.169. Print.

Human mind is invisible, unknown and beyond our understanding. Some people visualize paperless
libraries of the future where capsules will replace documents which can be mechanically retrieved, and their
contents flashed on the video screens by pressing a button. But even simple library processes like
“information of classification” requiring commonsense cannot be performed by the present state of
Artificial Intelligence.

Einstein shared his knowledge about the universe, matter, energy, and gravity – important information for
the human race.
www.en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Albert_Einstein
Scientists have collected supporting evidence about life’s mysteries for hundreds of years using the tools
available to them and then shared that knowledge. Scientific information shared may or may not be helpful,
or even seem relevant, to human survival.

Information Sharing

Information may be created (always for a purpose, like when the above mentioned exit sign was made and
installed), transmitted through space and preserved or stored throughout time, but it also may be extracted.

Information involves living beings. It is characteristic that even the most primitive natural mechanisms
responding to information are complex, consisting of many interacting parts and involving many linked
cause-and-effect relationships.

Information they create, extract, transmit or process is in response to some plan or program ultimately
designed by a human brain.

Three Human Dedicated Revolutions (Agriculture, Industrial, Technical)

As complexity increases, we have to consider evolution in terms of society and culture. The energy
consumption of humans has increased as society has increased in complexity, from the energy-rate density
of hunter-gatherers to agriculturists to industrialists. Spier states that the survival of living organisms –
human, plant and animal – “will depend directly on the ways humans will handle the available matter and

11
energy flows, both in a biological and cultural sense, while preserving complexity on the Earth to the extent
that it will provide sufficient room for us to survive and, if possible, reproduce”
* Spier, F. (2005). “How Big History Works: Energy Flows and the Rise and Demise of Complexity.” Social
Evolution & History 4 (1). 1-23. http://usm.maine.edu/lac/global/bighistory/

From agriculture to industrial to the modern era, humans have learned to extract energy from the
environment.
Finding new sources of energy is an example of how humans use creative thinking and technology to
uncover or create information as role of solutions to life threatening problems.

Scientists have collected supporting evidence about life’s mysteries for hundreds of years using the tools
available to them and then shared that knowledge. Scientific information shared may or may not be helpful,
or even seem relevant, to human survival.

Technological innovations, along with creative thinking, provide humans with tools for study the universe.
Information Transformation System has a historical continuity they course through time.

It is important to look at the world at both small and large scales to see patterns and possible solutions to
global issues among the human race and the environment. It is important to know about time-space,
quantum physics, gravity and the elements to further understand cause and effect between humans in the
agrarian, industrial and modern eras. This knowledge will give us clues as to how we can replenish our
living planet. Any source of information is better than not knowing; upon learning about a new discovery
that will affect our universe and/or the human race, it is our responsibility to take a critical look at scholarly
resources for more information.

*Encyclopedia of Life at http://www.eol.org/

Conclusion:

Existence of information depends on information splitting by their own characteristics within the own
environments.
Information spilt to two or more information than two or more information spilt more & more information.
It is like chain reaction of atomic energy (Fusion). Information splitting within their own environments for
sustainable development of information characteristics. These information characteristics (Language, Sign,
and Symbols etc.) are the fully coded information systems with content of post revolution of information.
Human is precious main bookkeepers of evolutionary acquired knowledge.

Information that human have stored in their own digital memory, their brain. Our brain has its own laws. It
is mainly aimed at survival, avoiding danger and acting instinctively.
New stimuli, emotional situations, and devoting behavior are really good for our brain.
Human information behavior plays an important part in the management of information.

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Only the right knowledge and behavior will help for truly improve human processing capacity. This will
benefit from this for the rest of human life.

In view of Tribus’s description of information, a biological species as a whole contains

a fixed set of well-formulated questions and also a fixed set of possible answers to any of the well-
formulated questions. It also has a fixed number of sensors.
In human perspective we can learn, data received from the surroundings just serve, in the form of
information, to reallocate probabilities of possible responses or, in other words, to choose a response from a
constant set of possible responses.
This also applied to organisms possessing the central nervous system. Data, perceived and
transformed, are used to update hypotheses, continually present in the brain, and to choose one from
preformed alternatives of action.

Introduction
History, Concept & Form of Information:
1. Evolution of Information for Human Life: Biological Aspect
1.1(A) Brain & Behavior of Human Beings
1.1(B) Anatomy of information in Human behavior by Shannon’s Conception
1.1(C) Information Handling in the Brain
1.1(D)Data, Information and knowledge: The “Conventional Wisdom”
1.2 Senses or inceptors of Human Body: Information Collector’s
2. Information Environment : Social Aspect
3. Human Information Systems for Information Existence in Human Life: Logical Aspect
Conclusion
References

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